Jurnal Online Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira
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Strategi implementasi konsep waterfront city kota Kupang
Full text linkThe vision of development of Kupang City is to develop is as the Centre of National Activities with sustainable waterfront city concept. It intends to solve problems resulting from the development of Kupang City seashore areas by orienting the development to establish seashore areas as the front gate of the city and avoiding construction of settlement building on riparian zones and seashore areas.bThe relevance of this vision is discussed using qualitative descriptive method based on data of the areas' profiles. The discussion concludes that Kupang City needs Detail Planning on Priority Areas' Spatial for riparian zones and seashore areas with development concept.
© 2018 Amos SetiadiThe vision of development of Kupang City is to develop is as the Centre of National Activities with sustainable waterfront city concept. It intends to solve problems resulting from the development of Kupang City seashore areas by orienting the development to establish seashore areas as the front gate of the city and avoiding construction of settlement building on riparian zones and seashore areas.bThe relevance of this vision is discussed using qualitative descriptive method based on data of the areas' profiles. The discussion concludes that Kupang City needs Detail Planning on Priority Areas' Spatial for riparian zones and seashore areas with development concept.
© 2018 Amos Setiad
Ecologicals and culture concepts in post-disasters housing design in Yogyakarta
Full text linkPost-disaster housing is usually designed with a design that considers only the rapidity of development and cost efficiency without thinking of local cultural and environmental conditions of an area. If this happens continuously, then the local architecture which is a container of local culture and the form of community response to the surrounding environment will slowly be threatened to disappear along with the disaster, which will then be replaced by almost uniform shelter in all places. This study aims to identify ecological and cultural concepts on post-disaster residential design in Ngibikan village that successfully responds to the needs of its inhabitants and blends with the lives of its people. The method used is descriptive qualitative method to explore the concept of ecology and culture on the design in Ngibikan village. Based on the results of the research, it is found that the application of ecological and cultural concepts in the design of post-disaster residential design in Ngibikan village also influenced the success of the design in responding to the needs of the residents and responding to the natural conditions. It is expected that the post-disaster reconstruction process in Ngibikan village can serve as an example for the reconstruction process in the future so that the reconstruction process will not only be an effort to fulfill residential needs for disaster victims but also an effort to preserve local architecture which is a container of local culture and form of community response to the condition environment in an area.Hunian bantuan pasca bencana biasanya didesain dengan desain yang hanya mempertimbangkan kecepatan konstruksi dan efisiensi biaya pembangunan dengan kurang mempertimbangkan kekhasan budaya lokal serta kondisi lingkungan suatu kawasan. Bila hal ini terjadi secara terus menerus, maka arsitektur lokal yang merupakan wadah dari budaya lokal dan bentuk respon masyarakat terhadap kondisi lingkungan sekitar secara perlahan akan terancam hilang bersamaan dengan adanya bencana, yang kemudian akan tergantikan dengan bentuk-bentuk hunian yang hampir seragam disemua tempat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi konsep ekologis dan budaya pada perancangan hunian paska bencana di desa Ngibikan yang berhasil menjawab kebutuhan penghuninya dan menyatu dengan kehidupan masyarakatnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif untuk menggali konsep ekologi dan budaya pada perancangan di desa Ngibikan.Berdasar hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa penerapan konsep ekologis dan budaya pada perencanaan desain hunian paska bencana di desa Ngibikan turut mempengaruhi keberhasilan desain dalam menjawab kebutuhan penghuni dan merespon kondisi alamnya. Diharapkan proses rekonstruksi pemukiman paska bencana di desa Ngibikan ini dapat menjadi contoh bagi proses rekonstruksi dimasa mendatang agar proses rekonstruksi tidak hanya berupa upaya memenuhi kebutuhan hunian bagi korban bencana namun juga suatu upaya melestarikan arsitektur lokal yang merupakan wadah dari budaya lokal dan bentuk respon masyarakat terhadap kondisi lingkungan di suatu kawasan
Partisipasi masyarakat dalam mewujudkan kampung Warna-warni Teluk Seribu kota Balikpapan
Full text linkThe growth and development of the city is one of driving factors for the emergence of slums in urban areas. Slums are usually located on the outskirts of the city, an example of which can be found in Balikpapan known as “Kampung Nelayan” slum area. A common condition takes place in other big cities in Indonesia, and this has led the government to formulate programs and policies by issuing government regulations Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2011 concerning to Housing and Human Settlement Areas. It is stipulated in the regulation that “The management of slums must be carried out by the central Government, local Government and/ or by every individuals”. To improve the welfare and a better life quality, active community participation is needed to build sustainable habitable human settlements. In order to explore more about this concept, a research was conducted at Kampung Nelayan Warna-warni Teluk Seribu. The research aims at learning more about the roles of the community and obstacles encountered in developing Kampung Nelayan Warna-warni Teluk Seribu. The method used is descriptive analysis through observation, interview, literatures study, and related documents. The result of the research shows that community participation plays a successful role in developing Kampung Nelayan Warna-warni Teluk Seribu as one of the tourist attractions in Balikpapan which, then, leads to economic enhancement of local community and Balikpapan city.
© 2018 Rilia Rigina MahagarmithaPertumbuhan dan perkembangan kota merupakan salah satu faktor pendorong munculnya permukiman kumuh di wilayah perkotaan. Permukiman kumuh biasanya terletak di pinggiran kota, seperti yang terlihat di kota Balikpapan dimana permukiman tersebut lebih dikenal dengan sebutan ‘Kampung Nelayan’. Hal serupa juga terjadi di kota-kota besar di Indonesia, sehingga Pemerintah merumuskan program dan kebijakan yang berpedoman pada Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2011 tentang Perumahan dan Kawasan Permukiman yang menjelaskan bahwa “Penanganan permukiman kumuh wajib dilakukan oleh Pemerintah, Pemerintah Daerah dan atau setiap orang”. Oleh karena itu untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan kualitas hidup yang lebih baik maka diperlukan partisipasi masyarakat secara aktif dalam membangun permukiman layak huni yang berkelanjutan. Salah satunya dapat dibuktikan melalui penelitian di Kampung Nelayan Warna-warni Teluk Seribu Balikpapan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lebih dalam mengenai peran masyarakat dan kendala yang dihadapi dalam membangun Kampung Nelayan Warna-warni Teluk Seribu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis deskriptif melalui observasi, wawancara, studi kepustakaan, serta dokumen yang terkait. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan keberhasilan peran masyarakat dalam membangun Kampung Nelayan Warna-warni Teluk Seribu menjadi salah satu objek wisata di kota Balikpapan yang berdampak pada peningkatan perekonomian bagi warga lokal dan kota Balikpapan.
© 2018 Rilia Rigina Mahagarmith
Evaluation of arragement and use of green open space in Cimahi City’s Rusunawa
Full text linkCimahi City was originally one part of Bandung Regency, with rapid growth finally established as an administrative city on January 29, 1976, then became autonomous city on June 21, 2001. Cimahi currently become one of the growth areas of Bandung in the West. The current population is 561,386, with an average growth of 2.12% per year (source: population database of Cimahi City 2014).
Green Open Space (RTH) in several cities in West Java has decreased both in terms of quality and quantity. This has the effect of reducing urban environmental quality and causing urban problems such as floods, especially in the rainy season, increasing air pollution, and decreasing urban happiness index due to the lack of open space available for social interaction.
The similarity of the configuration of the arrangement of the site in this case the similarity of the typology of building mass composition, the number of occupants and the target of the residents of low income (MBR) of the two rusunawa Cimahi City, namely Cibeureum and Leuwigajah interesting to examine which is more effective the arrangement of green space and its utilization and the determinants what's playing.
In the management, maintenance and utilization of the flats RTH is the main responsibility of apartment managers, in this case the Cimahi Municipal Government, but the involvement of all residents in maintaining and maintaining cleanliness, especially in disposing of waste in place and use the facilities provided responsibly.
Kota Cimahi pada awalnya merupakan salah satu bagian dari Kabupaten Bandung, dengan pesatnya pertumbuhan akhirnya ditetapkan sebagai kota administratif pada 29 Januari 1976, selanjutnya menjadi kota otonom pada tanggal 21 Juni 2001. Cimahi saat ini menjadi salah satu kawasan pertumbuhan Kota Bandung di bagian Barat. Jumlah penduduknya saat ini adalah 561.386 jiwa, dengan pertumbuhan rata-rata 2,12% per tahun (sumber: database kependudukan Kota Cimahi tahun 2014).
Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) di beberapa kota di Jawa Barat mengalami penurunan baik dari segi kualitas maupun kuantitas. Hal tersebut berdampak pada penurunan kualitas lingkungan hidup perkotaan dan menimbulkan masalah perkotaan seperti terjadinya bencana banjir, khususnya pada musim penghujan, peningkatan pencemaran udara, dan berkurangnya indeks kebahagiaan kota akibat minimnya ruang terbuka yang tersedia untuk interaksi sosial.
Kesamaan konfigurasi penataan tapak dalam hal ini kesamaan tipologi penyusunan massa bangunan, jumlah penghuni dan sasaran penghuni yaitu masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah (MBR) kedua rusunawa Kota Cimahi, yaitu Cibeureum dan Leuwigajah menarik untuk diteliti manakah yang lebih efektif penataan RTH dan pemanfaatannya serta faktor-faktor penentu apa sajakah yang berperan.
Dalam pengelolaan, pemeliharaan dan pemanfaatan RTH rusunawa memang tanggung jawab utama pengelola rumah susun, dalam hal ini pemerintah Kota Cimahi, namun perlu keterlibatan semua penghuni dalam merawat dan menjaga kebersihannya, khususnya dalam membuang sampah pada tempatnya dan menggunakan sarana yang disediakan dengan bertanggung jawab
Relation of activity and connectivity of Kalijodo as a public space
Full text linkPublic space is a place for social, economic and culture activity. Besides green open spaces, there are a lot of space along the river that have potential issues to be created as a public space. In fact, number of riversides are filled by slum area and there is no public space along the riparian. This research focused on the determining the chriterias of public space that support connectivity and incilining the number of activities. Theory that applied for this research is A Guide to Riverfront Development by Charles A. McLaren amd Public Space principle by Stephen Carr and Carmona. Kalijodo is one of the public spaces that will be studied because of its position faced in front of the river. Based on those theories, there are chitrerias that will be used to analyse the study casem which are comfort, activity, sociability, and more focus on access, including pedestrian access point, type and distribution of universal access and pedestrian priority. The result of this research could be summarised that physical access are attained by stairs and bridge that connect from river. Eventhough, Kalijodo must concern about visual access, addition of specific program to spread the activities and support by dense of vegetation to reach comfort.Ruang publik merupakan ruang untuk melakukan kegiatan sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya. Selain ruang terbuka hijau, ruang sepanjang sungai juga mempunyai potensi untuk dijadikan sebagai sebagai ruang publik. Faktanya ruang sepanjang sungai hanya digunakan untuk permukiman liar dan tidak ada penyediaan ruang publik di dalamnya. Penelitian akan berfokus pada penentuan kriteria yang dibutuhkan untuk membentuk ruang publik di sekitar bantaran sungai dalam mendukung aksesibiltas dan peningkatan aktivitas. Teori yang akan digunakan ialah prinsip kawasan terintegrasi sungai (Charles A. McLaren - A Guide to Riverfront Development) dan teori Public Space oleh Stephen Carr dan Carmona. Tapak yang akan di analisis adalah ruang publik di Kawasan Kalijodo yang berbatasan langsung dengan air. Berdasarkan kedua teori yang digabungkan, kriteria yang akan digunakan dalam menganalisis objek studi adalah kenyamanan, aktivitas, sosiabilitas dan yang ditekankan ialah akses, meliputi titik akses pedestrian, tipe dan distribusi akses universal, dan prioritas pedestrian. Berdasarkan penelitian dapat disimpulkan akses secara fisikal sudah terpenuhi dengan adanya tangga dan jembatan penghubung dari sungai, namun harus mempertimbangkan akses secara visual, menambahkan program yang spesifik agar pemetaan merata dan ditunjang dengan vegetasi yang lebih rapat untuk mendukung kenyamanan
Layout of Type 54 Affordable house in Kedung Badak Bogor City based on lighting
Full text linkIndonesian people considered the house as a basic necessity such as a house with a building area of 54 m2. The placement of the various layout to the sun’s orientation is related to the lightning. This led to the phenomenon of affordable housing development. The issue of this research is the layout of type 54 affordable house considered by the lighting. The focus of this research is the type 54 affordable house in Kedung Badak Baru in Bogor. The purpose of this research is to get layout design guidelines of type 54 affordable house which consider the lighting and give input to the next architect and government in Bogor. The research method is quantitative descriptive analytic. Tropical architecture design theory and lighting theory are used as a reference in making an analysis. The result is the interior less bright. It because the layout design was surrounded by another room and incorrect placement and size of openings. The conclusion is to design new layout based each orientation of type 54 affordable house. And it also to place the suitable openings properly which will able to utilize the light.Populasi masyarakat Indonesia menuntut akan rumah tinggal seperti halnya pada rumah dengan tipe luas bangunan 54 m2. Penempatan bangunan tersebut beragam tata letaknya terhadap orientasi matahari yang terpengaruh pula terhadap pencahayaan. Hal ini memunculkan fenomena program pembangunan rumah sederhana. Isu dari penelitian ini adalah tata ruang dalam rumah sederhana tipe 54 yang ditinjau dari pencahayaan. Fokus penelitian ini adalah bangunan rumah tinggal sederhana tipe 54 di Komplek Perumahan Kedung Badak Baru Kota Bogor. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan pedoman perancangan tata ruang dalam bangunan rumah tinggal sederhana tipe 54 yang mempertimbangkan pencahayaan dan diharapkan dapat memberi masukan bagi perencana dan pemerintah di Kota Bogor. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif analitik. Teori perancangan arsitektur tropis dan teori pencahayaan digunakan sebagai acuan dasar dalam membuat analisis. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ruang dalam yang gelap karena adanya ruangan yang terkurung dan penempatan tipe bukaan yang tidak tepat. Simpulan yang didapat adalah perubahan tata ruang dalam berdasarkan orientasi bangunan dan tipe bukaan yang ditempatkan secara tepat akan dapat memanfaatkan cahaya.
 
Tradisionalisme dalam arsitektur Kolonial Belanda di kota Gorontalo, kasus studi: kawasan Kota tua kota Gorontalo
Full text linkHumans basically cannot break away from the past which gave birth to the thoughts and values. These thoughts and values passed down continuously without any or with very little change that they become the customs and culture of the people. This kind of understanding is called traditionalism. It is assumed that traditionalism also exists in architecture as a product of human culture. Gorontalo as a rapid growing city during the Dutch colonial period kept a number of buildings from that era. The Dutch colonial buildings are results of Dutch culture either in their pure form or those that have been combined with traditional culture and the condition of the surrounding environment. The results showed that traditionalism in Dutch colonial architecture has an influence in the city of Gorontalo. These influences can be found in terms of the design of the floor plan, the shape of the building, the shape of the roof, the shape of the openings and the use of ornaments in buildings.
© 2018 Andi Imelda Chanrasari, Nurmiah, UmarManusia pada dasarnya tidak bisa melepaskan diri dari masa lalu yang melahirkan (tata) nilai dan pemikiran yang diturunkan secara terus-menerus tanpa atau dengan sedikit sekali mengalami perubahan atau dengan kata lain kebiasaan yang sudah menjadi adat dan membudaya. Paham yang semacam ini disebut sebagai tradisionalisme. Ditengarai, tradisionalisme juga ada dalam arsitektur sebagai produk budaya manusia. Gorontalo sebagai kota yang tumbuh pesat selama masa kolonial Belanda menyimpan sejumlah bangunan yang berasal dari masa itu. Bangunan kolonial Belanda juga merupakan bangunan yang tercipta dari kebudayaan bangsa Belanda, baik secara murni, maupun yang sudah dipadukan dengan budaya tradisional, dan kondisi lingkungan sekitarnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh tradisionalisme dalam arsitektur kolonial Belanda di Kota Gorontalo memang benar-benar ada. Pengaruh tersebut bisa ditemukan dalam hal desain bentuk denah, bentuk bangunan, bentuk atap, bentuk bukaan dan penggunaan ornament pada bangunan.
© 2018 Andi Imelda Chanrasari, Nurmiah, Uma
Desain rumah pintar di indonesia
No full textThe more the times, the more people want to get closer to the speed of getting information. Achieving information today is facilitated by the progress of technology. The case in living in a house, now has been present tools that we can guide from our gadgets even though the location is very far from where we live. Some of these tools can be installed in the home, and there is a need for a standard and the ways in which a home can be fully integrated with the tools. With these smart home tools, we can control our home by distance. The safety, the entertainment, the smart comfort living feeling, we can achieve in the smart home design. The smart home is the home that fulfill with smart tools to make our life easier with less cable and fully supported by wifi and internet. In the smart home like this, our life much simpler, and easier, and controlled well. This research tries to collect the tools that can be put in the smart home and the room and spaces in the home that supported. The Research method is using qualitative methods, with experiments. The tools for Smart home standardization are used in the experiments, so that we can gain spaces that needed in the smart home design. So, the result of this study is to find the smart home typhology that is using the tools in the smart home standards.
© 2018 Yanita Mila ArdianiThe more the times, the more people want to get closer to the speed of getting information. Achieving information today is facilitated by the progress of technology. The case in living in a house, now has been present tools that we can guide from our gadgets even though the location is very far from where we live. Some of these tools can be installed in the home, and there is a need for a standard and the ways in which a home can be fully integrated with the tools. With these smart home tools, we can control our home by distance. The safety, the entertainment, the smart comfort living feeling, we can achieve in the smart home design. The smart home is the home that fulfill with smart tools to make our life easier with less cable and fully supported by wifi and internet. In the smart home like this, our life much simpler, and easier, and controlled well. This research tries to collect the tools that can be put in the smart home and the room and spaces in the home that supported. The Research method is using qualitative methods, with experiments. The tools for Smart home standardization are used in the experiments, so that we can gain spaces that needed in the smart home design. So, the result of this study is to find the smart home typhology that is using the tools in the smart home standards.
© 2018 Yanita Mila Ardian
Kajian numerik distribusi udara pada ruang ber-AC untuk mencapai tingkat efisisensi energi yang optimal
Full text linkThe demand for household energy in Indonesia is dominated by air conditioning sector. One of the efforts to optimize air conditioner (AC) is to figure out the best air distribution pattern. Nowadays, there are three air distribution types of marketed AC; (1) perfect mixing, (2) displacement, and (3) radiant cooling. This research examines the influence of those types toward energy consuption to ensure indoor thermal comfort. It was conducted by conducting literature review, mathematical calculation, and numerical simulation. Based on SNI 03-6572-2001, the research applied comfort criteria of indoor air temperature of 24oC as setpoint with 28.1oC initial temperature. Energy consumption is estimated based on time required to achieve the setpoint. The fastest cooling time is obtained by displacement in 80 seconds, then perfect mixing in 112 seconds, and the longest is radiant cooling in 460 seconds. Energy calculation establishes three scenarios of heat load represented by air con’s idle time; (a) high load, 30 seconds, (b) moderate load, 60 seconds, and (c) low load, 90 seconds. For 300 hours of operational time per month, displacement consumes (a) 148.4, (b) 116.6, and (c) 96 kWh/month, whilst perfect mixing needs (a) 160.9, (b) 132.8, and (c) 113.1 kWh/month. Lastly, radiant cooling spends (a) 191.5, (b) 180.5, and (c) 170.6 kWh/month.
© 2018 Jackobus Ade Prasetya SeputraPenggunaan energi listrik bangunan rumah tangga di Indonesia didominasi oleh kebutuhan AC. Salah satu upaya untuk mengoptimalkan kinerja AC adalah dengan memperhatikan distribusi aliran udaranya. Di pasaran terdapat tiga tipe distribusi udara AC, yaitu (1) perfect mixing, (2) displacement, dan (3) radiant cooling. Penelitian menguji pengaruh tipe-tipe distribusi AC tersebut terhadap konsumsi energi pendinginan dengan metode studi literatur, perhitungan matematis, dan simulasi numerik. Kriteria kenyamanan termal bersumber dari SNI 03-6572-2001 dengan suhu udara 24oC sebagai titik tuju (setpoint) dari kondisi mula 28,1oC. Sedangkan perhitungan tingkat konsumsi energi didapatkan dari lamanya waktu mencapai setpoint. Waktu pendinginan tercepat dicapai oleh displacement, yaitu 80 detik, lalu perfect mixing dalam 112 detik, dan yang terlama adalah radiant cooling, 460 detik. Perhitungan matematis dilakukan dengan tiga skenario beban kalor yang diasumsikan menjadi lamanya waktu AC saat jeda (idle), yaitu; (a) beban besar, 30 detik, (b) beban sedang, 60 detik, dan (c) beban kecil, 90 detik. Dengan waktu operasional 300 jam per bulan, konsumsi energi displacement sesuai skenario adalah; (a) 148,4 kWh/bulan, (b) 116,6 kWh/bulan, dan (c) 96 kWh/bulan, perfect mixing; (a) 160,9 kWh/bulan, (b) 132,8 kWh/bulan, dan (c) 113,1 kWh/bulan, dan radiant cooling; (a) 191,5 kWh/bulan, (b) 180,5 kWh/bulan, dan (c) 170,6 kWh/bulan.
© 2018 Jackobus Ade Prasetya Seputr
Kinerja struktural Interlocking Compressed Earth Block (ICEB) dengan serta ijuk sebagai stabilisator
Full text linkModular block building materials have been well-known in the design and construction of built-environment. In its simplest form, the modular block is known as brick, red brick, lime brick, conblock, etc. The modularity of its unit lends itself for easy of production, application and transport. The drawbacks, however, are the generallyrelated to high energy consumption and pollution level in the production process (brick burning, high temp heating of cement and lime). In the perspective of sustainable and environmentally friendly built environment, the drawbacks need to be addressed in order to minimize its carbon footprint in human habitation. The challenge is how to obtain modular blocks with low energy consumption, while achieving stability and structural performance up to the standard. In this research, the earthen block test units were conducted without burning or use of cement and lime. Ijuk fibre (Arenga pinnata) was chosen as replacement of cement and lime was choses as stabilizer in producing modular blocks. The main test units and their comparisons underwent a compression test in the compressive testing machine to evaluate the structural performance. The comparison test blocks were blocks with similar form, dimension and production method, while the diffrentiating factor was the mixture. The standards SNI 15-2094-2000 (Indonesia) and IS 1077 : 1992 (India) were used as reference to compressive strength of common fired brick.
© 2018 Budianastas Prastyatama, Anastasia MaurinaBahan bangunan berbentuk blok modular sudah cukup dikenal di dunia rancang bangun lingkungan binaan di Indonesia. Dalam bentuknya yang paling sederhana, blok modular ini dikenal dengan nama bata, bata merah, batako, conblock, atau lainnya. Unitnya yang modular memberi kemudahan dalam pembuatan, aplikasi dan transportasinya. Kekurangannya, blok ini umumnya dibuat melalui proses yang boros energi dan polutif (pembakaran bata, pemanasan semen dan kapur di tanur / kiln). Dalam perspektif lingkungan binaan yang berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan, kekurangan ini perlu diperbaiki agar jejak karbon habitasi manusia dapat ditekan. Tantangannya adalah mendapatkan blok modular yang hemat energi, tetapi dapat mencapai stabilitas dan performa struktural yang sesuai standard. Dalam penelitian ini, benda uji berbahan tanah dibuat tanpa melalui proses pembakaran atau pemakaian semen dan kapur. Serat ijuk menjadi pengganti semen dan kapur sebagai stabilisator dalam pembuatan blok modular. Untuk melihat kinerja strukturalnya, benda uji utama dan pembandingnya diuji pada mesin uji tekan (compressive testing machine). Pengujian dilakukan dengan menggunakan benda uji pembanding berupa blok modular dengan bentuk, dimensi dan cara pembuatan yang serupa, dengan perbedaan pada komposisi bahannya. Sebagai rujukan, digunakan SNI 15-2094-2000 (Indonesia) dan IS 1077 : 1992 (India) tentang klasifikasi kuat tekan bata merah bakar.
© 2018 Budianastas Prastyatama, Anastasia Maurin