Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics (JDDT)
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How Digital Health is Revolutionizing Healthcare and Contributing to Positive Health Outcomes
Get PDFDigital health has been instrumental in revolutionizing healthcare by ensuring continuity of care, personalizing care, reducing errors and wastage, improving diagnostic accuracy, providing clinicians with decision-making support, and facilitating treatment and care beyond the clinical setting. All these benefits improve the quality of care and lead to positive health outcomes. It also improves patient satisfaction with care. Digital health can also be used to address the challenges that are currently facing healthcare systems. For instance, digital health can help to address the challenge of limited access. Digital health can also help to address the increasing patient needs and demands. However, the integration of digital health in healthcare systems still remains a challenge. Privacy and confidentiality concerns are major issues. Because of the nature of data stored in these systems, security breaches can have negative outcomes on care. Accuracy and reliability of data are also issues of concern. Addressing these challenges can make healthcare systems realize the benefits of digital technologies.
Keywords: digital health, digital technologies, revolutionizing healthcare, positive patient outcome
Platinum nanoparticles as delivery system in combating various diseases
Get PDFPatients having cancer, infectious and other diseases suffer from drug resistance and systemic side effects owing to the conventional chemotherapeutics’ insolubility, toxicity, non-specificity, low therapeutic indices, and several limitations against biological barriers. To overcome these obstacles, nanotechnology-based metallic platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) have attracted attention for targeted drug delivery and sustained release against the diseases for the cellular killing as antimicrobial and anticancer agents. PtNPs-based therapeutic systems have been utilized to avail their higher therapeutic efficacies with low concentrations against various diseases due to their suitable physico-chemical features such as shape, size, high surface to volume ratio, favorable bio-stability, easy membrane penetration, and easy surface functionalizations with cargos, ligands, peptides, antibodies and polymers for the targeted and controlled therapy against diseases. PtNPs may also be conjugated with other metals with drugs as suitable carriers for their chemo, photothermal / photoacoustic / magnetic therapies against tumors. This review demonstrates mainly the synthesis, functionalization, mechanism of action, biomedical application and toxicity of PtNPs as suitable nanomedicinal delivery system against diseases.
Keywords: Diseases; Platinum nanoparticles; Delivery system; Therapeutic efficacies  
Combating the Obesity Crisis: The Role of Community Pharmacists in Addressing the Rising Obesity Numbers
Get PDFThe last decade has seen a significant increase in obesity and overweight cases globally. The World Health Organization estimates that 1 in every 8 people globally were living with overweight and obesity in 2022. This is approximately 2.5 billion who are overweight and 890 million who are obese. The rate at which the obesity prevalence is an indication that it is ending towards being an epidemic. Considering that obesity is multifactorial, isolating the exact causes is a significant problem. As a result, there is a need to dedicate more resources towards addressing the problem. One of the ways that can be used to deal with the rising obesity prevalence is expanding the role of healthcare providers more so community pharmacists to address the problem. Community pharmacists can do more than drug management in managing the growing obesity crisis. They can be involved in weight management, guidance on lifestyle modifications, and counselling on behavior modifications. They can also be involved in community-based interventions that aim to address obesity.
Keywords: obesity, obesity crisis, community pharmacists, energy intake, energy expenditure, weight managemen
Development of a Validated RP-HPLC/UV Method for the Quantitative Determination of Tyrosine Kinase RET Inhibitor: Selpercatinib in Capsule Formulation
No full textA validated RP-HPLC/UV method was developed to estimate the selpercatinib in capsules. The wavelength chosen for detection was at 248 nm. The RP-HPLC separation was carried out using a Hypersil ODS C18 column (250×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of 0.2% TFA (pH 6.5) and acetonitrile in a ratio of 70:30 v/v. The flow rate was set at 1 ml/min. The retention time for selpercatinib was determined to be 3.012 min. Linearity was detected within the concentration range of 2.5-15 μg/mL for selpercatinib. The approach has been confirmed to be linear, accurate, precise, robust, and has established limits of detection and quantitation. The established procedure was uncomplicated, cost-effective, and suitable for the routine analysis of selpercatinib in capsule dosage form.
Keywords: Selpercatinib, RP-HPLC and Validation
Policy Analysis for Anemia and Pregnant Women Care Eleviation Program Through Prospective Bride’s Preparation
Get PDFBackground: The percentage of pregnant women experiencing anemia in Indonesia has increased 37.1% compared to 2018 Riskesdas. The incidence of stunting is also influenced by the anemia and nutritional status of the mother during pregnancy. The implementation of 1000HPK has been widely implemented in all districts and cities throughout Indonesia but there are still obstacles in policy integration and cross-sector coordination caused by a lack of understanding of the program so that priority placement is not determined. Aim: to obtain policy recommendations for improving programs to prevent and alleviate anemia and Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) for pregnant women through the process of prospective bride’s preparation. Research method: The method used Action research with 3 stages. The sample are key persons of 1000 HPK program which are Public Health Office, BKKBN, Midwifery and Nursing Health Providers, and Regional Ministry of Religion (Kemenag and KUA). 24 people participate in FGD and 5 people for the In-depth Interview which was carried out at a place agreed upon by the respondents. Results: of the research provide recommendations for the need for collaboration between schools and universities for health education, schools and community health centers in providing blood supplement tablets, the need for an SOP for administration flow and procurement flow for Fe tablets as well as evaluation and monitoring. Modifying Fe tablets to make them popular with teenagers, creating health check formats for use, utilizing research and community service results and utilizing digital-based communications. Conclusion: achieving the goals of the anemia policy program requires cooperation and collaboration between various stakeholders.
Keywords: Policy, Anemia, CED, Pregnant Women, Prospective Bride
Analysis of Antioxidant Effects of Quercetin, Rutin and Phagnalon Rupestre on Rats Intoxicated by Aluminium
No full textAluminium (Al) is one of the most abundant chemical elements in nature and metal in the earth’s crust. Accumulation of Aluminium ions (Al3+) in target tissues results into formation of oxygen radicals causing oxidative damage through inducing cytotoxicity. The aim of this study is to analyse the antioxidant effect of selected polyphenols (quercetin, rutin and a medicinal plant phagnalon rupestre) on rats intoxicated by aluminium with specific focus on the heart.This experiment was carried out on 6 groups of wistar albino rats ,group 1; positive control, group 2; Al male intoxicated group treated with quercetin, group 3; Al male intoxicated group treated with rutin, group 4; Al female intoxicated, group 5; Al intoxicated treated with phagnalon rupestre , group 6; female control. Several Biochemical assays were carried out such as protein test, Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) assay, catalase assay (CAT), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) assay, superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay, Glutathione reduced and glutathione peroxidase (GSH & GPX) assay, lipids (cholesterol & triglycerides) assays. Aluminium intoxicated group showed decrease in the content of protein compared to the control and treated groups. Aluminium intoxicated group showed an increase in the activity of thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) but a significant decrease in the activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione S transferase assays (GST) compared to the control group. Biomarkers of oxidative stress significantly reduced in heart Al-induced oxidative stress by administration of Quercetin. Therefore, Quercetin is an effective antioxidant against oxidative stress caused by free radicals produced because of aluminium exposure.
Keywords: antioxidant ;aluminium ; quercetin ; rutin ; phagnalon rupestr
Management of Knee Osteoarthritis with integrative approach using Regimenal therapy (Massage and Medicated Steam Fomentation) and Pharmacotherapy (Habb-e -Muqil): A Case Study
Get PDFOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most common progressive musculoskeletal disorder, that is characterized by pathological changes in cartilage, bone, synovium, ligament, muscle, and periarticular fat, leading to joint dysfunction, pain, stiffness, functional limitation, and loss of day to day life activities. It affects an estimated more than 240 million people worldwide. It can involve almost any joint but typically affects the hands, knees, hips, and feet. In India, 28.7% of adults ≥ 40 years of age and 45.5% of adults ≥ 60 years of age have KOA. The annual incidence rate of KOA in India is 2.4%. The management of KOA involves a comprehensive approach, including non pharmacological management, pharmacological management, and surgical management. In Unani medicine, KOA comes within the domain of a broader term, “Waja-ul-Mafasil”, which refers to joint pain. It occurs due to quantitative and qualitative derangement of Akhlat (humors) and derangement of optimal temperament (Mizaj). We present the case of a 48 year old male patient, who was presented to the OPD of Regimenal therapies at National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bengaluru. Patient complains of bilateral knee pain, stiffness, limited mobility and difficulty in daily activities since 3 years. Pain exaggerates on walking for more than 50 minutes and standing continuously for more than 30 minutes. The patient was assessed and examined clinically prior to intervention and was diagnosed with bilateral KOA, which was further accentuated by radiological investigations. The patient received treatment for 6 weeks. The patient was assessed using multiple assessment parameters at baseline, 3rd and 6th week. The patient reported improvement in both subjective and objective parameters. The study found that massage therapy and steam fomentation along with pharmacotherapy can be an effective approach in treatment for KOA, however it merits further research.
Keywords: Osteoarthritis, joint pain, bilateral knee pain, stiffness, limited mobilit
Analysis of Prescribing Patterns of Drugs Used in Osteoarthritis in Tertiary Care Center
Get PDFBackground: Osteoarthritis (O.A.) is a common degenerative lesion of the articular cartilage that corresponds to hypertrophy deterioration of bone structure is osteoarthritis. The treatment is mainly focused on the management of pain.
Methods: An Observational study was conducted among 163 patients visiting Orthopedics Out Patient Department at GMC Hospital. The duration of study was for 6 months from Jan 2024-Jun 2024. The analysis of collected data was done by SPSS version Software. Descriptive Statistics tools like frequency, Percentage were used to express the findings.
Results: We found that female was (68.7%) in comparison to male (31.3%). Oral route (79%) was most commonly preferred route of drugs administration than topical route (21%). Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) (41.78%), Vitamins and minerals (22.5%), Antiulcers (19.5%), Symptomatic Slow-acting Drugs in Osteoarthritis (SYSODA) (6.82%), Muscle Relaxants (5.02%) and Others (4.07%) were Prescribed groups of drugs. Diclofenac (19.52%) was most commonly prescribed Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs followed by Aceclofenac (11.37%). Average no. of drugs prescribed was 5.12, % of drugs Prescribed from National List of Essential Medicine (NLEM) was 79.88%, % of drugs prescribed by generic name was 0% and Average dispensing time was 225.13 sec.
Conclusion: Osteoarthritis (O.A) was mostly common in female than male. Lumbar was most commonly affected site of Osteoarthritis. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs was most commonly prescribed groups of drugs.
Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Prescribing Pattern, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Diclofenac, Symptomatic Slow-acting Drugs in Osteoarthritis
Enhancing Herbal Efficacy: Synthesis and Evaluation of Nanosuspension from Withania somnifera Root Extract
No full textBackground: Ayurveda emphasizes the balance of mind, body, and spirit, drawing on ancient texts that highlight the medicinal properties of herbs like Withania somnifera, known for its wide range of therapeutic applications and pharmacological benefits. Commonly referred to as Indian ginseng or Ashwagandha, Withania somnifera, demonstrates a variety of therapeutic effect , including anti-inflammatory, antitumor, sedative, hypnotic, deobstruent effects, narcotic, antioxidant, tonic, antistress, diuretic, aphrodisiac, immunomodulatory, and rejuvenating properties. Nanotechnology, particularly through the development of nanosuspensions, offers a significant advancement in medicine, addressing challenges like poor solubility and low bioavailability of lipophilic drugs. Nanosuspensions can enhance drug safety and efficacy by improving solubility and altering pharmacokinetics.
Methods: This study focuses on formulating and characterizing a nanosuspension using an ethanolic extract of Withania somnifera roots. The nanosuspension (NSWS) underwent comprehensive characterization, utilizing techniques such as FT-IR spectroscopy, particle size analysis, zeta potential measurement, polydispersity index (PDI) assessment, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction analysis, pH measurement, and stability testing. This study seeks to explore the potential of nanosuspensions, aiming to integrate nanotechnology with herbal medicine to improve the safety and efficacy of herbal formulations.
Results: The nanosuspension (NSWS) shown particle size about 133.09 nm, and its uniform particle distribution was indicated by a Polydispersity Index (PDI) about 0.27. Stability and uniformity were further supported by the zeta potential, particle size, and PDI values.
Conclusion: Nanosuspension formulations represents a versatile strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of hydrophobic drugs across various routes of administration.
Keywords: Withania somnifera, Nanosuspension, Characterization, FT-IR, PDI, FESE
Recurrence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Associated Risk Factors: A 3-Year Retrospective Study
Get PDFThe burden of diabetes foot ulcer is immense, resulting to prolonged hospital stay and high cost of care. The aim of this study is to identify the predictors of ulcer recurrence which will help mitigate this disabling, pocket-draining, but highly preventable complication of diabetes mellitus (DM).
Methodology: This was a 3-year retrospective study of patients hospitalised for diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in Enugu State University Teaching Hospital from March 2020 to February 2023. Information on demographics, relevant diabetes history and complications, characteristics of DFU, outcome, DFU recurrence were obtained.
Results: Most of the patients (82.5%) were between 41 and 70 years of age with a mean age is 57.86 ± 12.45. There were marginally more females (52.6%) than male (47.4%). The subjects were predominantly businessmen/traders (43.9%), and 73.7% had DM duration of 1-5 years. Duration of admission was 8 weeks for 31.6% of the patients, 4 weeks for 26.3%, 3 weeks for 21.1% and 12 weeks for 12.3% of the patients. More of the patients were in Wagner grades 3 (43.9%) and 4 (31.6%). The Prevalence of (diabetic peripheral neuropathy) DPN, peripheral artery disease (PAD) and Retinopathy among the patients were 82.5%, 45.6% and 59.6% respectively. Recurrence of DFU occurred in 35% of the subjects. Occupation and wound site positively correlated with reocurrence in this study. The outcome shows that 59.6% of the patients had good healing, 21.1% had ray amputation while 14% had below knee amputation.
Keywords: Diabetic foot ulcer, recurrence, peripheral neuropathy, peripheral artery disease