Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics (JDDT)
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Analytical evaluation of C. pictus for its therapeutic properties and antioxidant activity in relation to anticancer potential against selected cancer cell lines
Get PDFMedicinal plants play an important role in medical care throughout history, including the modern period. Costus pictus, also known as the \u27insulin plant,\u27 exhibits numerous bioactivities, including anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties. In the present investigation, C. pictus leaves were extracted using ethanol and petroleum ether, and GC-MS analysis revealed 26 and 24 chemical components, respectively. These compounds are used significantly in pharmacology. The antioxidant capabilities of medicinal plants have been studied since they may be in possession of a number of bioactive molecules. It has been demonstrated that antioxidants revert the development of cancer through micromanagement of tumours, and medicinal plants are a rich source of new and powerful antioxidants and anticancer bioactive molecules. In the present study, the anticancer potential of C. pictus leaf extracts in water, ethanol, and petroleum ether against MCF-7 cancer cell lines was evaluated. The MCF-7 cell line was inhibited by all three extracts in a dose-dependent manner.
Key words: anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, pharmacology, GC-MS, MCF-7 cancer cell lines,
Natural Anti-Ageing Strategies: Prevention and Therapy
Get PDFAnti-aging tips for naturally minded folks can help you stay young and healthy. We’d all love to live to be healthy and wrinkle-free in our 90s, but the truth is, nothing can stop us from aging. This is particularly true in today’s world, which is plagued with aging catalysts like environmental toxins, foods filled with chemicals, poor nutritional values, and dangerous temptations. However, we can keep the aging process from moving at an accelerated pace by making better choices. Several successful aging studies have shown that lifestyle choices are two-thirds what predicts how well we age. We’ve all heard the common anti-aging tips: like-Eat tons of fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins, lower your alcohol intake, stop smoking, exercise regularly, stay out of the sun, drink a LOT of water, Meditate etc. These are all great, but there’s even more we can do. And you don’t have to take synthetic supplements or smear unpronounceable artificial ingredients on your skin to do it. Many of the prominent anti-aging products on the market are packed with harmful chemicals that ultimately make you age faster. Take advantage of nature’s best ingredients and prove that you can age successfully.
Keywords: wrinkle free, aging catalysts, environmental toxins, vitamins, etc.
Combination Therapy of SGLT 2 Inhibitors and GLP 1 Receptor Agonists for Glycaemic Management through Weight Reduction
No full textA great deal of anti-diabetic drugs leads to weight gain, which could contribute to obesity and possibly both diabetes and obesity. Glucose-lowering medications that contain sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors work by preventing the kidneys from reabsorbing glucose and sodium, which causes glycosuria and lowers plasma glucose levels. Consequently, its effects include decreases in HbA1c, blood glucose levels, and blood pressure along with decline in body weight and adiposity. Consistently, people on medications that inhibit SGLT2 tend to lose weight, but this weight loss is only modest since opposing regulatory processes work to keep the body\u27s weight constant. This has driven researchers to investigate the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in combination with other drugs that work by reducing appetite, such as glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1RAs). In a retrospective study at the Wolver Hampton Diabetes Centre, researchers evaluated the effectiveness of combination therapy using GLP-1 agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors in the management of diabetes and obesity. Patients on the combined regimen showed statistically significant improvements in clinical measures like body weight reduction, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) reduction, lower BMI, and reduced insulin dose. Such combinations, which include SGLT2 inhibitors, are intriguing because of the bodyweight effects and the indications of protection of cardiovascular and renal problems. These results imply that combination therapy using GLP-1 agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors offers individuals with diabetes and obesity a promising treatment choice
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, obesity, SGLT 2 inhibitors, GLP 1 receptor agonist
Composition and Drug Release Characteristics of Bi-layered and Multi-layered Tablets: A Comprehensive Review
No full textMultilayer and Bilayer tablets are winning popularity over single-layer tablets because of their controlled release advantages. Since each layer of API must be compatible with the others and with excipients to extend the effects of the medication or drugs and improve patient compliance, technology for creating multilayers and bilayers is less widespread than that for single-layer tablets. Hydrophilic polymers are more frequently employed in the formulation of biliary and multilayer tablets as both medication carriers and release barriers. But the ratio of using polymer is different from each other in the drug barrier layer and carrier layer that can make alteration by a researcher to develop a difference in the release rate of different APIs in a single unit of the tablet. With a larger surface area and a faster rate of drug release over time, multilayer and biliary tablets can help mitigate the non-linearity and drug interactions that arise with diffusion-controlled matrix devices. This review article covers the different techniques used to create biliary and multilayered tablets as well as the challenges associated with their formulation.
Keywords: Multi-layer tablets, Bi-layer tablets, Drug release, Tablet manufacturin
Effect of a Compound Unani Formulation in Constipation (Qabḍ): A Case Report
No full textBackground and Prevalence: Constipation is a significant public health issue in India, with prevalence ranging from 16% to 37%. Herbal medicines are traditionally used in India for various ailments, including constipation.
Herbal Medicine Usage: The WHO estimates that 80% of people globally rely on herbal medicines for primary health care due to their perceived safety, efficacy, and fewer side effects compared to conventional medications.
Unani Medicine Perspective: Unani medicine, a traditional system in South Asia, includes various formulations for treating constipation as mentioned in classical Unani literature.
Case Description: A 29-year-old female patient with no underlying health conditions presented with constipation at the General Medicine OPD of RRIUM Srinagar.
Investigations: Thorough investigations including CBC, LFT, KFT, RBS, HbA1c, thyroid profile, electrolyte balance, lipid profile, and cortisol level were normal, confirming unexplained constipation.
Treatment: The Unani formulation, Safuf-i-anardana, was administered at 9 g in the morning and 7 g at bedtime with plain water for one week.
Outcome: The patient experienced relief from constipation after treatment, with the formulation enhancing intestinal motility and promoting bulk formation of stools due to its laxative and purgative properties.
Keywords: Constipation, Qabḍ, Turbud, Safuf-i-anardana, unani medicine, mushi
Microneedle Delivery of Protein and Peptides: Advances in Drug Delivery
No full textMicroneedles are the advances in the transdermal drug delivery system of proteins and peptide drugs which exerts its effect through the formation of the micro channels. Microneedles are of various types such as solid microneedles, dissolving microneedles, metallic microneedles, 3D printed microneedles; polymer based microneedles, Hydrogel microneedles and coated microneedles. Microneedle characterization is the most important part after the formulation. These dosage forms have both advantages and limitations. Stability enhancement, targeted drug delivery, low invasiveness, enhanced skin absorption etc. are some of the advantages associated with microneedles. Likewise shallow penetration, chances of skin irritation and injury, chances of degradation in different extreme temperature and pH etc. are some of the limitations. Needle integrity, uniform drug distribution, diffusion and degradation, sterility and contamination, immunogenicity and immune response, Activity preservation are the crucial parts that should be controlled during formulation. Improved stability of proteins, stabilization of inactive ingredients, utilization in the field of gene therapy and mRNA delivery, development of smart microneedles, development of multilayered microneedles, ligand targeting etc. are some of the advances in the microneedle delivery system. These delivery systems are widely recognized as the future of the drug delivery addressing the challenges associated with the patient compliance.
Keywords: Microneedles, Needle Integrity, Immunogenicity, Patient complianc
Formulation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Face Scrub Gel for Skin Exfoliation
No full textNowadays, many herbs are finding their way into the preparation of herbal cosmetics, as these are the safest to use with no side effects and influence the biological function of skin. The present study involved the preparation and evaluation of polyherbal face scrub gel. The scrub exfoliate and rejuvenate the skin. The grittiness of the scrub removes the dead skin cells and unblock the skin pores and reduce the sebum deposition on the skin making skin more complexion and radiant. The natural ingredients like orange peel, marigold flowers, and liquorice were used in preparation, which possesses anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-aging properties. The alcoholic extract of herbs was prepared using maceration and added to the gel prepared with Carbopol. Other ingredients such as sodium benzoate, propylene glycol, triethanolamine, and sodium lauryl sulfate were added to the gel. The prepared scrub was evaluated for its appearance, pH, viscosity, spreadability, washability, irritability, grittiness, stability, and patch test. Among the three formulated scrub gels, the FSG3 gave effective results, and it can be used as an effective scrub for all types of skin.
Keywords: Exfoliation, Liquorice, orange peel, marigold flowers, polyherbal scrub
Causes and associated factors with male infertility among couples visiting infertility/andrologist clinics
Get PDFIntroduction: Infertility is a global public health issue, affecting couples worldwide. The WHO defines infertility as the inability to conceive after one year of regular, unprotected intercourse. Male infertility accounts for 50% of cases and is influenced by various physiological, environmental, and lifestyle factors. This descriptive study aimed to identify the causes and associated factors of male infertility among couples visiting infertility/andrology clinics in Indore from 2016-2017. Methodology: An exploratory descriptive design was used, with 90 male participants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via structured questionnaires covering socio-demographic, personal, medical, surgical, and psychological aspects. Physiological and biochemical parameters were assessed to determine specific causes of infertility. Results: The common causes identified were azoospermia, oligospermia, asthenospermia, mixed pathology, and low semen volume. Tobacco use showed a significant association with male infertility (χ2 = 17.45, p < 0.05), while no significant associations were found with other factors such as age, occupation, or medical history. Participants often had a history of smoking or environmental pollutant exposure. Discussion: The study emphasizes the multifactorial nature of male infertility, highlighting the influence of physiological factors and lifestyle choices, particularly tobacco use. Comprehensive interventions addressing both medical and lifestyle factors are recommended for better fertility outcomes.
Keywords: Male infertility, Azoospermia, Oligospermia, Asthenospermia. Mixed pathology, Less volume.
Traditional Approaches to Managing Adhesive Capsulitis: A Comprehensive Review
Get PDFAdhesive Capsulitis results in progressive painful restriction in range of movement and can reduce function and quality of life. Adhesive Capsulitis commonly known as Frozen shoulder Syndrome and also called pericapsulitis, periarthritis, adherent bursitis, shoulder periarthritis, scapulo-humeral periarthritis. In Unani literature the Adhesive Capsulitis are met under the caption of Wajaul Mafasil & Tahajjure Mafasil. Waja-ul-Mafasil is a painful or inflammatory condition affecting joints, their surrounding muscle and ligaments of shoulder. Zakaria Razi described the disease in the eleventh volume of his book Al-HAWI cause of Waja-ul-Mafasil is formation of abnormal chyme (Rutubat-e-Mukhatia) due to Nuqs in (defect) Hazm-e-Kabidi and Hazm-e-Urooqi. Akbar Arzani in Tibb-e-Akbar have added that accumulation of Galeez-Riyah in surrounding structure.It can affect almost all joints of the body and they named after the joint involved as Waja ul warik, Waja uz zahr, Waja ur rakba, Waja ul waqab, Waja ul khasera. In Unani medicine, Wajaʹul- Mafasil is managed through Ilaj Bit Tadbeer (Regimenal therapy), Ilaj Bid Dawa (Pharmacotherapy), or Ilaj Bil Yad (Surgery). Ilaj Bit Tadbeer is one mode of treatment in which various regimens like Takmeed Dalak, Fasd, Riyazat, Nutool, zimad,and Hijama etc are used as a part of treatment so as to offer the patients relief. Pharmacological treatment options include single (Suranjan, Bozidan, Asgandh, etc.) or compound (Habbe Muquil, Majoon Chobchini, Habbe Suranjan, Habbe Asgandh, etc.) medications. This review paper discussed concept of adhesive capsulitis & safe or alternative method of treatment which given by traditional philosophers in classical text which was less harmful in comparison to modern medicine.
Keywords: Adhesive capasulitis, Frozen shoulder syndrome, wajaul mafasil, Unani medicine
The Art of Healing with Heat: A Contemporary Review of Amal-i-Kayy (Cauterization) in Unani Medicine
Get PDFThe Unani system of medicine employs four primary therapeutic approaches - ‘Ilāj bi’l Tadbīr (Regimenal Therapy), ‘Ilāj bi’l Ghidhā’ (Dietotherapy), ‘Ilāj bi’l Dawā’ (Pharmacotherapy) and Ilaj-bil-Yad (Surgery). Among these, ‘Ilāj bi’l Tadbīr holds particular significance, as it enhances overall health by strengthening the body\u27s natural defence mechanisms. One of the oldest but less frequently practiced methods within this system is Amal-i-Kayy (Cauterization), a technique that involves the application of heat or burning the body tissues for therapeutic purposes. This method has been historically used to stop bleeding or discharge of fluids, remove unwanted skin, or create openings in the skin. Amal-i-Kayy has ancient roots and was widely practiced in various traditional healing systems including Graeco-Arab, Chinese, and especially Unani Medicine. Historical documentation of Amal-i-Kayy can be traced back to around 1600 BC in the Egyptian Surgical papyrus, where it was recommended for treating ulcers and tumors. In Ayurveda, Sushruta (800 BC) applied this method to cauterize veins and tendons to manage various ailments. Hippocrates (Buqrat), in the 4th century BC, also described its use for treating hemorrhoids. In the Arab world, cauterization was practiced during the time of Prophet Muhammad for treating war-related injuries, severe bleeding caused by ruptured blood vessels, chronic ulcers, pleurisy, and during surgeries like amputations and incisions. This method is particularly effective in conditions associated with Sū’-i-Mizāj Bārid-Raṭab (cold and moist temperament), due to the Ḥār-Yābis (hot and dry) effect of the cauterization process.
Keywords: Amal-i-Kayy, cauterization, Tumors, Sū’-i-Mizaj Bārid-Raṭab, Unan