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Reevaluating Inheritance Distribution in Indonesia: The Role of Hibah as a Preventive Measure
Get PDFThis study examines the understanding of wealth distribution during the testator's lifetime under Article 187, paragraphs (1) and (2) of the Compilation of Islamic Law. The purpose is to understand the distribution of wealth during the testator's lifetime and the construction of the implementation of wealth distribution during the testator's lifetime as a legal option. This research employs a qualitative approach using juridical-normative methods. The data sources consist of articles in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) that regulate Islamic law in Indonesia. The findings reveal that understanding wealth distribution during the testator's lifetime is a legal option based on two considerations: first, wealth distribution after the testator's death may lead to conflicts; second, it may cause unfairness among heirs. The construction of wealth distribution implementation involves three aspects: 1) verifying the estate of the deceased, 2) validating the expenses incurred by the testator, and 3) distributing wealth to the heirs through four legal options, namely: the testator and heirs agree to a settlement, the testator considers gifts previously given to the heirs as part of the inheritance, the testator revokes gifts previously given to their children, and the testator distributes the inheritance according to the provisions of inheritance law
Digitalization of Land Certification: Legal Perspectives from Islamic, Positive, and Administrative Law
Get PDFThis research examines the digitalization of land certification from an integrative perspective between Islamic law, positive law, and state administration practices in Indonesia. Digital transformation in the land sector is a strategic urgency to address classic challenges such as agrarian conflicts, overlapping ownership, and administrative inefficiencies. However, the success of digitalization does not only depend on technical aspects, but also on the harmonization of the religious values of society, especially those based on Islamic law and the formal legal system of the state. Through a normative juridical approach, this study explores the meeting points and potential conflicts between the principles of maqāṣid syarI'ah, the principles of Indonesia law as stated in the Basic Agrarian Regulations (UUPA) and its derivative regulations, as well as the principles of good governance in public administration. The results of the study indicate that digitalization can increase legal certainty and efficiency, but still faces challenges such as the gap in digital infrastructure, legal and technological literacy of the community, and disharmony in regulations related to proof of rights, inheritance, and waqf. This research offers a three-dimensional legal integration model as a conceptual solution to realize effective, inclusive, and equitable digitalization of land certification, and is in line with the diversity of social and cultural values of the Indonesian people. This reesarch offers a multidisciplinary legal framework for digital land governance that bridges Islamic and secular law. It provides a model relevant for countries with plural legal systems or large Muslim populations, and serves as a reference for international agencies in formulating culturally responsive and legally coherent land digitalization policies
Fitnah in the Digital Age: Regulating Social Media Misuse Through Islamic Criminal Principles
Get PDFThe global dissemination of fitnah false allegations, vilification, and damaging speech has become even more pronounced with the advent of social media, creating an ethical and moral quandary in many Muslim (and other) societies. Although most countries have adopted some version of secular laws for the control of their digital space, there remains a clear deficiency in the application of an Islamic criminal law that protects individual honor and social harmony. The study looks at the possibility of adapting the Islamic criminal principles to govern the abuse of social media platforms with special reference to offences similar to qadhf, ghibah, buhtan and namimah. It seeks to offer a jurisprudential model that is in harmony with the current digital situation but is also acceptable with Islamic legal principles. The article applies a doctrinal legal methodology and statistical scrutiny of 155 digital crimes that have been reported. Data were analyzed based on five dimensions of analysis: legal response, severity index, harm likelihood, public concern, and variation with the Shari‘ah compliance. Validation of the framework was guided by advice from jurists and organized classification of types of offense. Differences in legal enforcement and popular reaction are dramatic, according to the findings. The most compliant with Islamic law was False Accusation and the least verdict was Defamation (despite being the most frequent). Both Religious Incitement and Digital Harassment showed high potential for harm but were somewhat underregulated. Community responses conformed to Islamic ethics and, in many instances, were more sensitive than institutional responses. Possibilities for an ethically sound regulation of digital offenses under Islamic criminal law. A hybrid model combining the worldview values of Shari‘ah provisions and digital technology may potentially favor justice, accountability and social harmony on digital platforms
Implementation Of Instructional Leadership By School Principals In Elementary School
Get PDFThis study explores the influence of school principals' instructional leadership on teacher performance and student learning outcomes at SD Negeri Gilis, Sarang District, Rembang Regency. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques including interviews, observations, and document studies. The results show that implementing the principal's instructional leadership plays a crucial role in improving the quality of lesson planning carried out by teachers. Although initially there were challenges related to the misalignment in the lesson plan preparation by most teachers, the principal's strategies, which included enhancing the quality of lesson planning, need-based academic supervision, and empowering teachers through the Teacher Working Group (KKG), successfully addressed these issues. After three months of implementation, 90% of teachers could prepare lesson plans aligned with the Merdeka Curriculum, and teacher involvement in KKG discussions significantly increased.
Furthermore, time management and teaching methods in the classroom also showed improvements. This study concludes that well-planned instructional leadership by the principal, based on teacher professional development, can enhance the quality of teaching and positively impact student learning outcomes. Recommendations for further development include improving the principal's competence in academic supervision and utilizing technology in teaching
The Implementation of the ISMUBA Curriculum in Al-Islam and Muhammadiyah Studies: A Qualitative Case Study at SMA Muhammadiyah PK Kottabarat Surakarta
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the implementation of the ISMUBA curriculum (Al-Islam, Kemuhammadiyahan, and Arabic Language) in Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan learning at SMA Muhammadiyah Program Khusus Kottabarat Surakarta and its impact on the formation of students' Islamic character. This study employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data collection techniques include observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Data validity is tested through triangulation of sources and methods. The research findings indicate that implementing the ISMUBA curriculum has been effective, marked by integrating Islamic and Muhammadiyah values into the learning process. Active and contextual learning methods, such as group discussions, case studies, and role-playing, encourage students' full engagement in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. However, challenges remain in the limitations of learning media and the need to enhance teachers' competencies. The original contribution of this research lies in its in-depth exploration of the implementation of the ISMUBA curriculum in the context of Muhammadiyah-based secondary schools, which has rarely been comprehensively studied. These findings enrich the body of knowledge in developing an integrative curriculum based on Islamic values and provide practical recommendations for Muhammadiyah educational institutions to improve the curriculum implementation sustainably
Profitability of State-Owned Commercial Banks in Bangladesh Based on Islamic PLS and Conventional Interests
Get PDFPurpose: This research compares the profitability of state-owned commercial banks in Bangladesh operating under Islamic Profit-Loss Sharing (PLS) principles with conventional interest-based systems.
Design/Method/Approach: This study uses a comparative quantitative approach, analyzing 10 years of financial data from state-owned commercial banks in Bangladesh. Profitability indicators (ROA, ROE, NPM, EPS) are compared between Islamic PLS and conventional interest-based operations. Statistical tools like t-tests and panel regression are used to identify significant differences and impacts.
Findings: The study finds that state-owned commercial banks in Bangladesh operating under Islamic PLS models generally exhibit more stable but modest profitability than their conventional interest-based counterparts. While Return on Assets (ROA) and Net Profit Margin (NPM) are slightly higher in traditional operations, Islamic banking shows lower volatility and better risk-sharing attributes. The panel regression analysis reveals that the banking model significantly influences profitability, with conventional interest-based systems yielding higher short-term returns, whereas Islamic PLS promotes financial resilience.
Originality/Values: This study uniquely compares profitability between Islamic PLS and conventional interest systems within state-owned banks in Bangladesh. It offers policymakers and bank managers valuable insights on optimizing dual banking operations
Formalization of DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 28/DSN-MUI/III/2002 in Electronic Money Transactions
Get PDFThis study examines the compatibility between Bank Indonesia Regulation No. 20/6/PBI/2018 on Electronic Money and DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 28/DSN-MUI/III/2002 on Currency Exchange (Al-Sharf) in the context of digital financial transactions. The objective of this study is to formulate the concept of norms for improving electronic money transactions to align with Shariah principles, particularly regarding the sharf contract. The method used is normative legal research with a qualitative deductive approach. Data was obtained through documentary studies and analyzed using norm interpretation, systematization, and synthesis. The results of the study indicate that the legal aspects of the organizers and the real-time settlement system in Bank Indonesia's regulations are consistent with Sharia principles. However, there are inconsistencies in the placement of float funds in ribawi instruments and the lack of explicit mention of the sharf contract. Digital taqabudh and information system security standards strongly influence the strength or weakness of the DSN-MUI Fatwa's impact on the compliance of Fintech, sharf contracts, and electronic money with Sharia principles. Meanwhile, the implementation of PBI regulations and operational compliance by organizers bridge the gap between the DSN-MUI Fatwa and practices in the field. Mediators help explain how fatwas are translated into technical policies, while moderators determine the extent to which fatwas can be effective in the complex and rapidly changing digital context
The Role of Non-Verbal Communication in Teaching English Speaking Skills: Students’ Voices
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine the various forms of nonverbal communication employed by English teachers of a private senior high school in Palembang and their role in teaching speaking skills. This study employed a qualitative approach with observation and interview became the instruments to collect the data. The participants consisted of six eleventh-grade students who were selected based on the variation of their speaking ability: two students with high, two with medium, and two with low ability. The researchers applied thematic analysis that identified and interpreted patterns in data sets. The results showed that teachers used four primary forms of nonverbal communication: body posture (open, erect), hand gestures (active, illustrative, highlighting vital themes), eye contact (long, short), and facial expressions (smiling, joyful). This nonverbal communication played a role in increasing students' confidence, motivation, understanding, and interest in speaking English. Friendly facial expressions and illustrative hand gestures increased students' confidence, while cheerful facial expressions and hand gestures that emphasized important points enhanced learning motivation. Brief eye contact, open posture, and illustrative hand gestures helped improve comprehension. In addition, upright and relaxed posture and active hand gestures also contributed to increasing students' interest in learning. In short, English teachers needed to effectively employ nonverbal communication to provide a supportive and engaging learning environment
Hubungan Konsep Diri Negatif dengan Hambatan dalam Interaksi Sosial Antar Teman Sebaya Siswa SMA DARUL HIKAM
No full textThis study aims to determine the relationship between negative self-concept and negative social interaction among students at SMA Darul Hikam through the independent variable (X) and the dependent variable (Y). This research employs a quantitative approach with a descriptive correlation method. The data were obtained from students at SMA Darul Hikam, with data collection conducted through observations and questionnaires distributed to the research sample. The results indicate a significant positive relationship between negative self-concept and negative social interaction, with a correlation coefficient of 0.529 and a significance level of p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the higher a student's negative self-concept, the greater their tendency to engage in negative social interactions. Conversely, students with lower levels of negative self-concept tend to exhibit more positive social interactions. This study supports the hypothesis that self-concept plays a crucial role in shaping the quality of students' social interactions
The Influence of the Teams Games Tournament Learning Model Using Educaplay Media on Elementary School Students' Understanding of Landscape Concepts
No full textStudents' comprehension abilities in Social Science Studies at SDN 008 Samarinda Ilir are satisfactory because learning is dominated by conventional methods, making students more passive and easily bored. This condition requires the implementation of innovative, interactive, and enjoyable learning models. The TGT model combined with the digital media Educaplay is considered to be capable to increase students' motivation, participation, and understanding through a combination of group work and game-based learning. This research aims to determine the effect of the TGT learning model by using Educaplay on the understanding ability of third-grade students at SDN 008 Samarinda Ilir for the 2024/2025 academic year. The research used a quantitative method by using a One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The sample included 27 students selected by the purposive sampling technique. Data was collected through 20 multiple-choice questions, given before and after the treatment, then analyzed with a paired samples t-test by using SPSS version 27. The research results indicate that the average pretest score was getting 55 score that increased to 69.44 score on the posttest, with a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05. It can be concluded that the TGT model assisted by Educaplay significantly influences students' understanding abilities in IPAS and effectively creates active, enjoyable, and meaningful learnin