Theory and Practice of Jurisprudence (E-Journal - Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University)
Not a member yet
595 research outputs found
Sort by
Види державного контролю у сфері обігу наркотичних засобів та психотропних речовин і прекурсорів
Get PDFThe article examines the types of the state control in the sphere of turnover of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors. Analyzed the views of the scientists on the criteria for classification of state control and classification of state control in the sphere of turnover of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursorsИсследованы виды государственного контроля в сфере оборота наркотических средств, психотропных веществ и прекурсоров. Проанализированы взгляды ученых на критерии классификации государственного контроля и предложена классификация государственного контроля в сфере оборота наркотических средств, психотропных веществ и прекурсоровДосліджено види державного контролю у сфері обігу наркотичних засобів, психотропних речовин і прекурсорів. Проаналізовано погляди науковців на критерії класифікації державного контролю та запропоновано класифікацію державного контролю у даній сфер
Міжнародна співпраця України з протидії організованій наркозлочинності, наркотрафіку і контрабанді наркотичних засобів на засадах судової фармації та криміналістики
Get PDFIn the article from the perspective of the forensic pharmacy lightened use by law enforcement, investigative and expert bodies of the achievements in the field of criminalistics for international cooperation of Ukraine with the EU, the CIS and the others concerning the counteracting of the organized criminality in the sphere of illegal circulation of the narcotic substances, drug trafficking (particularly, heroin and cocaine)В статье с позиции судебной фармации освещено использование правоохранительными, следственными и экспертными органами достижений в области криминалистики в международном сотрудничестве Украины со странами ЕС, СНГ и другими зарубежными партнерами по противодействию организованной преступности в сфере незаконного оборота наркотических средств, натротрафика (в частности, героина и кокаина)У статті з позицій судової фармації висвітлено використання правоохоронними, слідчими та експертними органами досягнень криміналістичної науки в міжнародній співпраці України з країнами-членами ЄС, СНД та іншими зарубіжними партнерами з протидії організованій злочинності у сфері незаконного обігу наркотичних засобів, наркотрафіку (зокрема героїну та кокаїну
Суперфіцій – від римського до українського права
Get PDFA notion of superficies under a Roman Law as a material right, which has initially emerged in public relations, and further has formed as a private special property, is explained. The nature of this right was also changing – leasing relationships, being binding, yielded to proprietary relations. Personal right (based on an agreement and bound to a person directly) was replaced by legal regulation of material right (bound directly to an item of property – a lot) as well. This gave substantial advantages in exercising of and protecting such a right by its subject. The process of transformation of the nature of development right came amid (or even was conditioned by) a special remedy, provided by a praetor. This right remained like this on the territories, belonging to Ukraine, until mid 1920s and was regulated in the Civil Code of Ukrainian SSR of 1922 as development right. At the same time its regulating was incomplete, and as the experience has shown, it didn't meet legal schemes of that time, and proceeded forming peculiarities and it received the name “Soviet Law” in following years. The reason for that was empery of a doctrine of state property and practical elimination of private property, all the more so the land title. That is why grounds for existing of such a material right as superficies vanished. A way of superficies regulating in Ukrainian law as prototype of superficies of Soviet times and superficies recovery in the Civil Code of Ukraine of 2003 is traced. In Sowiet Period development was regulated on the territory of Ukraine, but on a lot, belonging to the state. A situation is in a way similar to developer right to use non 2 owned lot for building was formed. But the vital difference was the fact, that natural persons became owners of buildings, constructed on a non-owned lot. It was this fact, which was a problem during superifices regulation recovery in the Civil Code of Ukraine of 2003. Succession of modern Ukrainian superficies civil regulating from its regulating by Soviet Ukrainian Law provides that owners of buildings couldn't be deprived of their right with adoption of the Civil Code of 2003. This implies vital differences between superficies regulating under Roman Law and the law of modern Ukraine. The main one therefrom is the fact, that superficies in fact does not involve ownership right to a building, constructed on non-owned lot. That is why a rather unique situation has formed, when superficies, being a private special property, didn't involve legal regime of construction. Main characteristics of supreficies by means of determining its object, subjects, their rights and obligations, grounds for emerging and protection are given.Раскрыто понятие суперфиция по римскому праву как права вещного, возникшее первоначально в публично-правовых отношениях, а впоследствии сформировалось как частное право на чужие вещи. Приведены основные характеристики суперфиция посредством определения его объекта, субъектов, их прав и обязанностей, оснований возникновения и защиты. Прослежено путь регулирования суперфиция в украинском законодательстве по ГК УССР 1922 г., права на застройку как аналог суперфиция советских времен и восстановление суперфиция в ГК Украины 2003 г. Указаны различия между регулированием суперфиция по римскому праву и правом современной Украины.Розкрито поняття суперфіцію за римським правом як права речового, що виникло спочатку в публічно-правових відносинах, а згодом сформувалося як приватне право на чужі речі. Надано основні характеристики суперфіцію через визначення його об’єкта, суб’єктів, їх прав та обов’язків, підстав виникнення та захисту. Простежено шлях регулювання суперфіцію в українському законодавстві за ЦК УРСР 1922 р., право на забудову як аналог суперфіцію радянських часів та відновлення суперфіцію в ЦК України 2003 р. Виявлено розбіжності між регулюванням суперфіцію за римським правом та правом сучасної України
Деякі питання господарсько-правового забезпечення надійності та безпеки постачання природного газу за законодавством України
Get PDFIn article single questions of economic legal support of reliability and security of natural gas supply in Ukraine are analyzed. Some measures of economic and legal regulation security of natural gas supply are defined. In this article investigated the problems of legislative regulation of support reliability and security of natural gas supply.Рассмотрены отдельные вопросы хозяйственно-правового обеспечения надёжности и безопасности поставок природного газа в Украине. Определены некоторые средства хозяйственно-правового регулирования безопасности газоснабжения. Исследованы задачи законодательного регулирования обеспечения надёжности и безопасности поставок природного газа.Розглянуто окремі питання господарсько-правового забезпечення надійності та безпеки постачання природного газу в Україні. Визначено деякі засоби господарсько- правового регулювання безпеки постачання природного газу та завдання законодавчого регулювання забезпечення надійності та безпеки постачання природного газу
Питання інформаційного забезпечення землекористування та охорони земель
Get PDFProblem setting. In industry of the informative providing of land-tenure and guard of earths one of major problems is absence of the systematized and reliable information about the state of the landed resources, their amount and quality, rational use and others. A necessity for state information environment matters very much. This information is needed for the estimation of the state of the landed resources and environment on the whole, preparations on the basis of these measures on the guard of natural environment. Recent research and publications analysis. The choice of theme of the article is certain actuality of the problem broken in it, which was examined in works of such representatives of the landed right, as M.V. Shulga, P.F. Kulinich, A.Martin, A.Tretyak [wonders.: 1-2; 5-6] and others. Paper objective. The purpose of the article is a study of package of questions in relation to the informative providing of land-tenure and guard of earths. Paper main body. The considerable instruments of the informative providing of land-tenure, guard of earths and management the landed resources, foremost, the state landed cadastre and monitoring of earths is. The state landed cadastre is conducted with the purpose of the informative providing of public and organs of local self-government, physical and legal persons, authorities at: adjusting of the landed relations; management the landed resources; organizations of the rational use and guard of earths; realization of organization of the use of land; leadthrough of estimation of earth; forming and conduct of townplanning cadastre, cadastres of other natural resources; production of paying for earth. The state monitoring of earths plays an important role in the informative providing of land-tenure and guard of earths. Monitoring shows by itself the informative system of supervisions, which consists of collection, treatment and analysis of information, about the state of environment and necessarily must plug in itself an estimation and prognosis of the state of natural environment. Consequently, maintenance of monitoring consists of information, analysis, estimation and prognosis. On earths of the agricultural setting monitoring of soils, which is component part of the state system of monitoring of environment and shows by itself the system of supervisions, collection, treatment, transferrableness, maintainance and analysis of information, about the changes of indexes of the high-quality state of soils, their fertility, development of the scientifically grounded recommendations, in relation to making decision about a distraction and liquidation of consequences of negative processes, is conducted. Conclusions of the research. Consequently, presently monitoring of earths and state landed cadastre is the main sources of receipt of state information the landed resources, which allow to get objective information on all territory of country. Information, obtained by monitoring of earths and landed cadastre, serves as legal framework for acceptance of necessary decisions by public organs in industry of the use and guard of earths.Комплексно рассмотрены актуальные вопросы относительно информационного обеспечения землепользования и охраны земель. Акцентируется внимание на основных источниках получения информации о состоянии земельных ресурсов.Комплексно досліджено актуальні питання щодо інформаційного забезпечення землекористування та охорони земель. Акцентовано увагу на основних джерелах отримання інформації про стан земельних ресурсі
Сучасні системоутворюючі категорії предмета аграрного права України
Get PDFThe article analyzes the problems of the modern science of Agrarian Law of Ukraine. Investigate the structure of the subject of the agrarian sector of Ukraine Law, focuses on the dynamic development of public relations in the sphere of development of the agricultural sector, in particular with regard to the production and sales of organic agricultural production, ensure food security of the state, and so on are given suggestions about the content of the modern category of the subject of legal regulation of the agrarian law of Ukraine.В статье анализируются проблемы современного развития науки аграрного права Украины. Исследована структура предмета отрасли аграрного права Украины, акцентируется внимание на динамичности развития общественных отношений в сфере развития отрасли сельского хозяйства, в частности, касательно производства и оборота сельскохозяйственной продукции, обеспечения продовольственной безопасности 8 государства и др. Высказаны и обоснованы предложения про современное содержание структуры предмета правового регулирования аграрных отношений в Украине.Розглянуто проблеми сучасного розвитку науки аграрного права України. Досліджено структуру предмета галузі аграрного права України, акцентовано увагу на динамічності розвитку суспільних відносин у сфері розвитку галузі сільського господарства, зокрема щодо виробництва та обігу органічної сільськогосподарської продукції, забезпечення продовольчої безпеки держави та ін
Питання правового регулювання інвестиційних фондів в ЄС
Get PDF For appropriate attraction of retail investors it is necessary toimprove legal regulation of institutes of joint investment and to investigateinvestment's existing forms in the foreign legislation, first of all in EU.Recent research and publications analysis. To research of a legal andeconomic condition of activity of institutes of joint investment the considerableattention of scientists, as lawyers and economists, such as was paid by A. V.Garagonich, Ju. M. Bisjaga, O. Ju. Kampi, O. M. Vinnik, A. M. Dyba, E. A. Sidorov,V. V. Reznikova, Armin J. Cammel and others.Paper objective. Article's purpose is to carrying out of research of economiclegalregulation of institutes of collective investment in EU as example on a way ofadaptation of the legislation of Ukraine to EU law.Paper main body. UCITS can be based in such traditional organizational-legalforms: 1) the common fund which actives cope a management company - the contractform; 2) share fund (unit trust) (the concept confidential (trust) law in general lawsystems); 3) the investment company - the corporate form.The alternative investment fund, except the Directive 2009/65, functions on thebasis Directive 2011/61/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June2011 on Alternative Investment Fund Managers and amending Directives2003/41/EC and 2009/65/EC and Regulations (EC) No 1060/2009 and (EU) No1095/2010.European social entrepreneurship funds (EuSEF) are funds which are directedon achievement of positive social consequences and the decision of social problemsand put their corporate purposes, unlike usual investment funds in which an overallobjective is profit accumulation.European venture capital funds (EuVECA) are directed on assistance todevelopment of venture investments into the innovative SME.Funds of long-term investment are separately regulated in EU. Investmentthrough European long-term investment funds (ELTIF) provides wider approach,than EuVECA and EuSEF, namely investments in a wide range of long-term activesprivate investors.Conclusions of the research. Existing statutory acts and actual tendencies ofregulation in the law of EU of institutes of collective investment testify to adiversification of possibilities for investors regarding placing of investments intovarious actives depending on the purpose of placing, kinds of the actives, differentdegree of investment risks, placing terms that, on the other hand, gives possibility torecipients of various branches of economy and social groups to have access toinexpensive non-bank financing.Рассмотрены отдельные вопросы правового регулирования инвестиционных фондов в ЕС, их особенности по видам, связанные с этим возможности диверсификации инвестиций и удовлетворения интересов инвесторов по получению различных видов инвестиционных услугДосліджено окремі питання правового регулювання інвестиційних фондів в ЄС, їх особливості за видами й пов’язані з цим можливості диверсифікації інвестицій та задоволення інтересів інвесторів щодо одержання різних видів інвестиційних послу
Віктимізація населення в Україні: стан, детермінанти, запобігання
Get PDFThe article considers the concept of Ukrainian population victimization, its object, actors, flow trends. According to the MIA of Ukraine statistics, yearly more than 340 thousand people become crime victims, and the victimization coefficient is 75 individuals per 10,000 population. However, our poll has found that 37 % of the population become crime victims or 170 000 citizens. Under our data, 38 % individuals suffered from crimes against property, 21 % – against the person, 15 % – against individual rights, 9 % – from the crimes in the sphere of economic activity, 8 % – from computer systems and computer networks crimes, and the rest-from other crimes. Most often, citizens have been victims of theft, hooliganism, corruption, fraud, body harm, illegal intervention in the digital operations. Among the group (mass) victimization determinants are named: underdevelopment of citizens safe behavior in everyday life, fear of crime, common traditions of avoiding law enforcement authorities for protection from criminal attacks, concealing the committed crimes. The phenomenon of victimhood institutionalization, namely getting used to the consequences of crime and related psychological readiness of the significant part of the population to suffer from criminal offenses, possesses a special place . The determinants of personal victimization are victimogenic personal deformations, particularly: a set of negative socio-psychological characteristics of personality, that resulted from unfavorable socialization conditions. It comes to the poor adaptability to social and legal norms, the problems in communication, 2 uncritical thinking and lack of ability to predict the development of events, inappropriate behavior in crisis situations. Victimological warning is an independent branch of crime prevention, which includes a range of measures and activities aimed at reducing the level of individual and group victimization, as well as reducing the number of crime victims in society. Key words: victimhood, victimization, victimization determinants, victimological prevention.Рассмотрены понятие и показатели измерения виктимизации населения. Проанализированны детерминанты индивидуальной и груповой виктимности, предложены меры виктимологического предупрежденияРозглянуто поняття та показники вимірювання віктимізації населення. Проаналізовано детермінанти індивідуальної і групової віктимності, запропоновано заходи віктимологічного запобіганн
Запобігання злочинності у країнах Латинської Америки
Get PDFContemporary science is short of the comparative criminologicalresearches, devoted to the study of progressive international experience in the sphere ofcrime prevention. That’s why such researches are actual for both scientists and lawenforcement officials.Paper objective. The goal of this scientific paper is to identify the main tendenciesof crime prevention in Latin America.Paper main body. In the most Latin American countries contemporary criminality ischaracterized by violent, organized, armed forms and crimes in the sphere of drugtrafficking. The most high-crime countries of Latin America are Colombia, Honduras andGuatemala. The lowest crime rates are in Chile and Argentina.The governments of these countries give full attention to the sphere of crimeprevention, especially to improving the work of law enforcement bodies. The share ofbudget funds for implementation of social events increases year to year (elimination ofunemployment, industry development, betterment of social services, transportinfrastructure). Strategy of social impact on crime is in progress too. It involves engaging incrime prevention programs citizens and public organizations on voluntary and free basis.Conclusions of the research. Successful crime prevention in Latin America involvescombining of social and specially-criminological measures. Also there is a close interactionbetween state and non-state subjects of crime prevention.В статье на основании анализа современного уровня, характера и детерминант современной преступности в странах Латинской Америки предпринята попытка выделить основные направления ее предупреждения, определено место общественности в этой деятельностиНа підставі аналізу сучасного рівня, характеру та детермінант сучасної злочинності у країнах Латинської Америки здійснено спробу виділення основних напрямів її запобігання, визначено місце громадськості в цій діяльност
Поняття техніко-криміналістичних засобів забезпечення протидії злочинам
Get PDFProblem Statement: The technical Forensic ensure devoted a lot of work, and it is considered the most developed elements of the theory of forensic software detection and investigation of crime, however, until now there is no unanimity of scientists on this issue. Analysis of recent research and publications: An analysis of definitions of technical and forensic tools that are offered in various periods of the development of science of criminology and its branches "of forensic technology" gives reason to believe that the concept of "technical and forensic tools" is considered in two aspects: in the narrow and broad. The purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to analyze the existing scientific approaches to understanding the technical and forensic tools to counter crime and offer their own definitions of the author of this category of criminalistics. The main material of the article: In our opinion, the technical and forensic tools to counter crime is not only technical devices, appliances and materials, but also the technical and forensic methods, techniques, methods for their use in combating crimes. Moreover, we believe that the separation techniques, methods, methods of application of technical devices themselves, devices and materials significantly reduces their functional purpose, adversely affects the degree of reliability of objects that have (or will have) the probative value in criminal proceedings. Considering the technical and forensic tools, consider it appropriate to their distribution into two groups depending on the form of application: (1) the means used openly, that is, during the investigation (investigation) of action; (2) The means used to secretly (special), that is, during the undercover investigation (investigation) of action. The conclusion of this study: In our opinion, under the technical and forensic tools should be understood instruments, tools, materials, and techniques, methods, and methods for their use (vowels and secret) for the detection, control, seizure, storage, research facilities that are (to be have) the probative value or create conditions that impede a socially dangerous act, designed (adapted) forensic science and proven forensic investigative practices used on the basis of acquired knowledge and skills in accordance with the general principles and tasks of criminal proceedings, criminal justice officials with to offenses. Abstract: Considered technical and forensic tools as a structural element of technical and forensic software to offenses, invited the author's definition of the forensic category. Key words: technical and forensic software, technical and forensic tools, special equipment, instruments, tools, techniques methods.Рассмотрены технико-криминалистические средства как структурный элемент технико-криминалистического обеспечения противодействия преступлениям, предложено авторское определение этой криминалистической категории.Розглянуто техніко-криміналістичні засоби як структурний елемент техніко- криміналістичного забезпечення протидії злочинам, запропоновано авторське визначення цієї криміналістичної категорії