Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
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The Effect of Solvent Concentration Against Specific and Non Specific Parameters of Standardization: Ethanolic Extract of Papaya Seed (Carica papaya Linn.)
Full text linkPapaya plants (Carica papaya L.) can be used as traditional medicine. The parts of the plant commonly used as medicine are the seeds and leaves. Assurance of the quality of the extract obtained needs to be carried out by testing specific and non-specific parameters. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the percentage of ethanol solvent concentration on specific parameters (organoleptic, phytochemical screening, and total phenolic content) and non-specific parameters (moisture content, ash content, and specific gravity) of papaya seed extract (Carica papaya L.). This type of laboratory experimental qualitative research was done to determine the effect of the percentage of ethanol solvent concentration (70% and 95%) on specific and non-specific parameters. Specific and non-specific parameter testing is based on work procedures listed in the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia. The results of testing the specific parameters on organoleptics showed no difference in the extract obtained, which was viscous and dark brown in color with a characteristic odor. Based on qualitative phytochemical screening, 70% ethanol extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. However, the 95% ethanol extract was only positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins. The phenolic content test of 70% ethanol and 95% ethanol extracts was 4.31 ± 0.65 mg GAE/g and 2.69 ± 0.41 mg GAE/g, respectively (Sig 0.022 < 0.05). Extract non-specific parameter test results. The ash content test for 70% and 95% ethanol extracts was 9.5% ± 0.21% w/w and 8.5% ± 0.06% w/w (Sig 0.043 < 0.05). The respective water contents were 8.7 ± 0.11% w/w and 9.7 ± 0.26% w/w (Sig 0.046 < 0.05). The specific gravity of each obtained was 0.88 ± 0.006 % g/ml and 0.75 ± 0.006% g/ml (Sig 0.043 < 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that the concentrations of 70% ethanol and 95% ethanol in papaya seed ethanol extract have an effect on specific parameters, namely the measurement of total phenolic content. While the non-specific parameters affect the water content, total ash content, and specific gravity
Potensi Biji Kolowe (Chydenanthus excelsus) Sebagai Pisisidal
Full text linkKolowe seeds (C. excelsus) has strong potential as piscicidal. Research conducted on the potential piscicidal bioindikator swamp eel fish (Synbranchus bengalensis Mc.Cllel), which is one of the pests in shrimp ponds. The piscicidal test results of kolowe seeds to S.bengalensis fish are fresh seed powder (LC50 = 305, 50 ppm); dry powder (LC50 = 315.35 ppm); crude methanol extract (LC50 = 345.20 ppm); frakasi n-Butanol extract (LC50 = 265.85) and the fraction of ethylacetate extract (LC50 = 650.90). The results are quite robust and selective as the most dominant secondary metabolites are saponins
Jamur Endofit, Biodiversitas, Potensi dan Prospek Penggunaannya Sebagai Sumber Bahan Obat Baru
Full text linkEndhophytes microbes are microbes that live in colonies formed in plant tissues without harming its host plant. Endhophytes was first reported in 1904. Each higher plants may contain some Endhophytes microbes that produce secondary metabolites as a product of coevolution or genetic transfer occurred (genetic recombination) from its host plants to microbial Endhophytes. Endhophytes originating from areas with high biodiversity have the potential to generate chemical diversity is also high and has a future economic prospects
A Practice-Based Evaluation of Pocket Book Supported Pharmacist Education in Improving Quality of Life and Clinical Outcomes Among Prolanis Patients with Hypertension
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Hypertension remains a major public health burden globally and in Indonesia, and pharmacists play an essential role in optimizing antihypertensive therapy through structured education. This quasi-experimental one-group pretest–posttest study evaluated the effectiveness of pharmacist-led pocket book education on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and blood pressure control among 40 Prolanis hypertensive patients at Juanda Public Health Center (January–February 2025). Participants received individualized counseling using a hypertension pocket book covering disease understanding, medication adherence, and lifestyle modification; HRQoL was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L Indonesian value set, while systolic and diastolic blood pressure served as clinical outcomes. Significant improvements were observed, with mean utility scores increasing from 0.824 ± 0.065 to 0.967 ± 0.020 (p < 0.001; d = 1.2), systolic blood pressure decreasing from 144.97 ± 17.42 to 137.87 ± 16.11 mmHg (p = 0.003), and diastolic blood pressure decreasing from 83.00 ± 8.75 to 79.72 ± 8.73 mmHg (p = 0.001). Regression analysis identified shorter hypertension duration and absence of comorbidity as significant predictors of HRQoL improvement (β = 0.34, p = 0.04). These findings demonstrate that pharmacist-led pocket book education is an effective, low-cost intervention with strong potential for broader implementation in primary care and Prolanis programs
Pengaruh Jus Buah Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) terhadap Profil Farmakokinetik Simetidin pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus)
Full text linkoai:ojs2.jtpc.ff.unmul.ac.id:article/2Drugs used with foods or drinks can affect the drug effects. This study aims to observe the effect of papaya juice (Carica papaya L.) to the pharmacokinetics profile of cimetidine in white rats. The animal were randomly in three group. Group 1 (cimetidine) was given a single oral cimetidine 3,6 mg/200gBW. Group 2 (cimetidine and papaya juice dose I) was given cimetidine 3,6 mg/200gBW together with papaya juice 4,5 g /200gBW. Group 3 (cimetidine and papaya juice dose II) was given cimetidine 3,6 mg/200gBW together with papaya juice 9 g /200gBW. The serial blood was collected for 4 hours on lateralis vein of rats tail. Determination of cimetidine in plasma performed by spectrophotometer UV. The pharmacokinetic parameters of cimetidine were calculated by regresi linear method and recidual method and were analyzed by One Way ANOVA using 95 % confidence interval. Based on research results showed that the group II and group III increased of ka, Cpmaks, tmaks, Cl, AUC and decreased ke, t½ab and t½el. Group III provides the most affect the cimetidine pharmacokinetics profile with decreased absorption and elimination and increased metabolism of cimetidine in rat
Observasi Klinik Efek Formula Jamu Dispepsia terhadap Fungsi Hati
Full text linkDyspepsia is a syndrome that includes one or more of the symptoms of the stomach feeling full after eating , satiety or burning sensation in the pit of the stomach , which takes place at least in the last 3 months. Dyspepsia is often found in medical practice. Has conducted research the effect of dyspepsia herbs formula to the liver functions (SGOT and SGPT). Safety of clinical trials were conducted by the study of pre - post design research. It was involving 69 subjects who have met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subject drink the dyspepsia herb formula three times a day for eight weeks, then controlled it once a week. Each control conducted clinical observation the possibility of side effects and performed a physical examination diagnostic. Research subjects examined liver function (SGOT and SGPT) every four weeks. The results of anamsesis and physical examination on the subject during treatment and after treatment was not found significant side effects. Results of analysis of paired test showed, there was no significant difference (t < 0,05) levels of SGOT and SGPT before treatment and after giving dyspepsia herbs formula in day 28th and 56th . Giving dyspepsia herbs formula for 56 days on the subject of the study found no symptoms of serious side effects, as well as not to disturb liver function
Penentuan Dosis Efektif Ekstrak Daun Pacar (Lawsonia inermis L.) sebagai Antiinflamasi
Full text linkHas been conducted a research of dose determination of effectiveness extract of Lawsonia inermis L. as anti-inflammatory on Rattus norvegicus. The purpose of this research is to gain an in depth understanding of effective dose of Lawsonia inermis L. as anti-inflammatory toward the reduction time of swelling on Rattus norvegicus’ feet .The method which being used was carrageenan induced on Rattus norvegicus’ feet. Rattus norvegicus were devided to 6 (six) group which a group as negative control was given sodium CMC orally, a group as positive control was given Sodium Diclofenac orally, and 4 (four) as test was given extract with 4 doses variation (50mg/kg, 100mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg) orally to each of mice that has pre-conditioned to swell on its foot. The result shows that T-Count is bigger than T-Table with significant standart 0,05 and smaller than T-Table with significant standart 0,01. It proves that there is significant difference between sodium diclofenac and extract of Lawsonia inermis L in 100mg/kgBW. That concludes that extract of Lawsonia inermis L. has anti-inflammatory effect with effective dose as anti-inflammatory in 100mg/kg
Sintesis Oksida Aurivillius Sr2Bi4Ti5-xFexO18 (x = 0,25; 0,5; 0,75; dan 1)
Full text linkAurivillius oxides Sr2Bi4Ti5-xFexO18 have been synthesized using the solid state reaction method. Powder X-ray diffraction data were refined using Le Bail method implemented in Rietica have space group B2cb, Z = 4, and parameter cell are a = 5.542(8), b = 5.474(9), c = 48.947(1); a = 5.565(5), b = 5.491(9), c = 49,097(1); a = 5.533(7), b = 5.464(7), c = 48.595(2) and a = 5.621(1), b = 5.492(9), c = 49.78(4); respectively for x = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1. The substitution of cation Fe3+ in these Aurivillius oxides was showed increasing of magnetic moment are μ = 2.67, 3.21, 3.98, and 4.62 for x = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 respectively
Efektivitas Antihiperurisemia Ekstrak Etanol Daun Seledri (EEDS) pada Tikus Induksi Kalium Oksonat
Full text linkCelery (Apium graveolens Linn) is a plant that contains phytochemicals like alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. This study aims to prove the effectiveness of the ethanol extract of celery leaf in lowering uric acid levels in white male rats and determine the dose of celery leaf extract which is effective in lowering uric acid levels in male rats. Celery leaf extract prepared by maceration with 96% of ethanol. The design of the study is a randomized block design. Data were analyzed by using statistical test Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a significant level 95% and were using 30 male rats divided into 6 treatment groups, each treatment consisted of five rats. Animals model hyperuricemia were induced by potassium oxonate 250 mg/kg except the normal group. Group I (normal) researcher provides a standard, group II (negative) suspension given Na CMC 0,5%, group III (positive) by the suspension of allopurinol 5,4 mg/kg, groups IV, V, and VI were given ethanol extract of celery leaf each with a dose of 50 mg / kg, 100 mg / kg, and 200 mg / kg. Based on the test result that further BNJ dose of ethanol extract of celery leaf is effective with 50 mg /kg
Aktivitas Antioksidan Senyawa Kumarin Ter-O-Geranilasi dari Akar Limonia acidissima L.
Full text linkFive O-geranylated coumarins namely as auraptene (1), 7-((2’E,6’E)-5’-hydroxy-3’,7’-dimethylocta-2’,6’- dienyloxy)coumarin (2), 7-(2’E,5’E)-7’-hydroxy-3’,7’-dimethylocta-2’,5’-dienyloxy) coumarin (3), 6-methoxy-7-oxygeranylcoumarin (4), and 8-oxygeranylpsoralen (5) were isolated from the roots of Limonia accidissima L. Their structures were determined based on spectroscopic data such as UV, IR, MS and NMR. Compounds 1–5 were evaluated for their radical scavenging against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), showing their IC50 were 462; 13; 260; 210 and 234 μg/ml, respectively