Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
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Antidiabetic Activities of Broccoli Extracts (Brassica oleracea L.var italica) on Mice Induced Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide
Full text linkSeveral plant species have been used for the treatment of diabetes. Research on plants that can be used to treat diabetes such as Cinnamomum cassia and Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Piper sarmentosum Roxb, Nelumbo nucifera, Ceiba petandra Memecylon malabaricum. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L var italics) is a flower of vegetables like cabbage plants. Broccoli juice is made capable of direct and indirect effects on the reduction of blood LDL; the indirect effect is by repairing pancreatic beta cells and increasing insulin sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether broccoli has activity as antidiabetic. The subjects consisted of 15 mice induced with nicotinamide 70 mg/kg BW and Stz 150 mg/kg BW. Diabetic mice were divided into the positive control group (glibenclamide), negative control group (CMC Na) and three treatment groups. The test material is broccoli extract dose 75 mg / kg BW, 150 mg /kg BW and 300 mg/kg BW given peroral for 14 days. Anova test results showed that there was a significant difference in the average percentage of decreased blood glucose levels in all treatments. The result of Post Hock Tukey HSD test with a 95% confidence level showed a significant difference in the negative control group compared with positive control group and extract 300mg / kg BW. This shows that positive control group and extracts 300mg / kg body weight have an activity to decrease blood glucose level
Comparing the Financial Burden of Colorectal Cancer Chemotherapy on Indonesian Healthcare Insurance (JKN) Coverage: A Study in East Kalimantan
Full text linkBackground: Colorectal cancer (CRC) constitutes a major public health burden in Indonesia. Chemotherapy remains the primary treatment for advanced CRC but creates substantial financial pressure on patients, hospitals, and the National Health Insurance (JKN) system. Although reimbursement is provided through the Indonesia Case Base Groups (INA-CBGs), differences between actual costs and tariff rates have been reported. Objective: This study assessed the financial burden of chemotherapy for stage III and metastatic CRC and its alignment with JKN reimbursement in a government referral hospital in Kalimantan. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Regional General Hospital, Samarinda, using medical records from January-June 2024. A total of 129 chemotherapy visits were analyzed. Direct medical costs were compared with INA-CBG claims using descriptive statistics and the Mann–Whitney U test. Results: FOLFIRI was the most frequently administered regimen (71%). The total chemotherapy cost was Rp590,674,630, with a mean of Rp4,578,873 per visit. Pharmaceutical costs accounted for 56.58% of total expenditures. Actual costs were adequately covered by JKN, resulting in a positive variance of Rp1,314,544 per visit. Conclusion: INA-CBG reimbursement adequately covered CRC chemotherapy costs, although continued evaluation of JKN financing sustainability is warranted
Profil Kadar Malondialdehida, Glukosa dan Kolesterol Pada Tikus Putih yang Terpapar Asap Rokok
Full text linkCigarette smoke is one of the potential of exogenous free radicals which can weaken antioxidant system so that can increase free radicals levels in the body. The increasing of free radicals can accelerating damage to cells that interfere with the metabolism in the body. This study aimed to determine whether free radicals from cigarette smoke can affect glucose and cholesterol levels in experimental animals. This research used male-2-old-month-rats that have weigth ± 200 grams and exposed to cigarette smoke as much as 1 stick every morning and afternoon for 7 days . The MDA levels was analyzed with Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) method by spectrophotometer UV-Vis in χ =531 nm, whereas glucose and cholesterol were measured using a test strip. The results of MDA increased 6x first level after exposed to cigarette smoke, glucose level increase 1,5x frist level and cholesterol deacrease 0,25x after exposed to cigarette smoke
Intervensi Gizi dan Ramuan Jamu untuk Diabetes terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Di RRJ Hortus Medicus
Full text linkDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that lasts a chronic progressive, with symptoms of hyperglycemia, which is caused by impaired insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. The prevalence of diabetic patients in the world and in Indonesia increased from year to year. Management of diabetes mellitus are education, nutritional counseling, exercise and farmacology intervention. Herbs which consist of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata), Brotowali (Tinospora crispa), Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza), kunyit (Curcuma domestica) dan Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri) can decreases blood glucosa level based on pre-clinical and clinical study. Rumah Riset Jamu (RRJ) "Hortus Medicus" has not done nutritional counseling to patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. This study aims to look at the effect of nutritional counseling and herbs for diabetes to blood glucose levels of diabetic patients in RRJ “Hortus Medicusâ€. This study is preexperimental with the one group pretest and posttest design. Nutritional intervention which consist of nutritional and dietary counseling carried out for approximately 30 minutes when the patient comes first and the blood glucosa levels of patient was examined in the laboratory RRJ. For 28 days, patient must drinking herbs for diabetes. After 28 days later, blood glucose levels and dietary of patient was evaluated. The study was conducted on 35 subjects shown that the nutrition intervention and herbs for diabetes were decreases blood glucosa levels, paired t-test results showed a significant difference blood glucose levels before and after (p value <0.05). Nutritional intervention and herbs for diabetes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in RRJ Hortus Medicus Tawangmangu able to decrease in blood glucose levels
Evaluasi Efektivitas Penggunaan Antibiotika pada Pasien Rawat Inap Penderita Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Bawah di Rumah Sakit Panti Rapih Yogyakarta Periode Januari-Juni 2005
Full text linkThe non-TBC lower respiratory infection is a kind of infection that can attack bronchus, bronchioles and lung, the clinical manifestation can chronicle and severe. Generally the caused in children is virus and bacteria while in adult is bacteria, which is using antibiotics in medical attention. The purpose of research is to find out the infection pattern and the kind of antibiotics and to evaluate the using antibiotics based on effectivity. The non-experimental research that was form in a retrospective survey was done through medical record of patient with the lower respiratory infection in the time limit of january-june 2005 in Panti Rapih Hospital. The using of antibiotics was surveyed from medical record then analyzed using quantitative descriptive and presented in percentage. The result was that the most infection from patient with lower respiratory infection is bronchitis 45 % from 132 patients with 137 cases, the biggest percentage is man 58 % and placed in children age between 0-14 years old 52 % with the length of medical attention 6 days in average. Based on this research 95 % gave clinical respond of fever decerease within 2-6 days and 45 % showed heal conditions, 40 % better, 10 % not heal and 5 % died
Mekanisme Aksi α-Mangostin Dari Garcinia tetranda Pierre Terhadap P.Falciparum Secara In Vitro
Full text linkDevelopment stage of parasite resistance assay and the Globin accumulation using SDS-PAGE Method has been done to parasite P. falciparum by giving α-mangostin from G. tetranda. α-Mangostin cause delays in the development stage of the parasite P. falciparum from stage schizont to stage trofozoit and cause parasite death after 48 hour. Swelling of the parasite of abnormal parasite food vacuole occurred after administration of α-Mangostin show from the results of SDS-PAGE
Home / Archives / Vol. 4 No. 2 (2017): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem. / ArticlesPeran Homepharmacycare pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II Prolanis terhadap Tingkat Kepatuhan dan Keberhasilan Terapi Di BP Sentra Medika Lebaksiu Tegal
No full textDiabetes mellitus disease (DM) is chronic diseases due to the increase of glucose concentration in the body. The compliance and successful treatment of diabetes are needed to prevent complications. The patients’ compliance in using the medicine is an important factor of the successful therapy. One of the most comprehensive interventions for DM patients is Home Pharmacy Care. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of Home Pharmacy Care role in patients with diabetes mellitus in increasing the compliance and successful therapy. Method: This research is pre experimental research conducted at Bp Sentra Medika Clinic and counseling at home respondents in Lebaksiu ,Tegal with using the method of one group pretest posttest design. Purposive sampling method is used in this research and got 35 respondents. Measurements were made using the MMAS-8 (pretest-postest) and pill count instrument to determine the patient\u27s compliance level and the glucotest to measure the success of therapy characterized by blood sugar levels. Statistics test uses Wilcoxon and Mc Nemar to determine the effect of provision of Home Pharmacy Care intervention on compliace and successful therapy level. The results: showed that a total of 20 patients (57%) comliance to MMAS-8 and pill count scores and a total of 20 patients (57%) of successful treatment were achieved based on controlled blood glucose levels. Conslusion: The statistical test showed that there was a significant difference between before and after intervention marked with the value of p value of both tests was 0,000 so that there is an effect of giving Home Pharmacy Care toward the improvement of compliance and successful therapy
Analisis Kadar Mineral dalam Abu Buah Nipa (Nypa fructicans) Kaliwanggu Teluk Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara
Full text linkResearch about Levels of ash analysis in Nipa Fruit (Nypa fructicans) Kaliwanggu Kendari Gulf South East Sulawesi have been done. Research carried out by gravimetric method and AAS. The ash content of old nipa fruit at a temperature 450°C dan 550°C obtained amounted to 1.01% and 0.89%. while the young nipa fruits obtained ash content of 0.88% and 0.86% at450°C dan 550°C. Mineral content of old nipa fruit which had become ash at a temperature of 450°C obtained at 1.3769 ppm, 7.9167 ppm, 3.7876 ppm, 9.2365 ppm, respectively for Fe, Mg, K, and Na. On the other hand, at a temperature of 550°C obtained at 1.1153 ppm, 8.0127 ppm, 3.7990 ppm and 9.3634 ppm, respectively for Fe, Mg, K, and Na. On young fruit nipah obtained concentration of 0.8769 ppm, 7.9939 ppm, 3.8260 ppm, 9.4041 ppm, respectively for Fe, Mg, K, and Na at ash temperature 450°C. Meanwhile, at a ash temperature of 550°C obtained concentration of 0.9230 ppm, 7.9738 ppm, 3.7468 ppm and 9.3861 ppm, respectively for Fe, Mg, K, and Na. The water content obtained from the old and young nipa flesh fruit obtained at 41.86% and 33.49%, respectively
Analisis Hubungan Kuantitatif Struktur-Aktivitas (HKSA) dari Senyawa Aktif Antimalaria Diterpen Kassan Hasil Isolasi dari Biji Bagore (Caesalpinia crista Linn.) dengan Parameter Elektronik
Full text linkQuantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) study have been conducted to antimalarial active compounds of cassane-type diterpenes isolated from seed kernels of Bagore (Caesalpinia crista Linn.), using the atomic net charges data resulted from AM1 method of semi-empirical calculations. The aim of this research is to determine the mathematic equation model of quantitative structure-activity relationship from antimalarial active compounds of cassane-type diterpenes isolated from seed kernels of Bagore (Caesalpinia crista Linn.) using the electronic parameter of AM1 method. The best QSAR equation model was determined by multiple linier regression analysis and tested by leave-one-out type of cross validation methods. The result indicates that the biological activity is represented by a linier function of activity versus atomic net charges of C1, C2, C3, C4, and C6 which is expressed by :
Log (1/C) = -7,362(+ 4,251) qC1 +3,258 (+ 4,590) qC2 + 11,038 (+4,485) qC3 + 29,421 (+20,542) qC4 + 19,849 (+6,171) qC6 + 8,541 (+2,256)
The equation is significant at 95% level. The cross validation analysis give minimal value of PRESS=64,372 and SEP = 2,93; where Log (1/IC50) = biological activity and q = atomic net charge
Formulation of Silver Nanoparticle Mouthwash and Testing of Antibacterial Activity Against Staphylococcus aureus
No full textSilver Nanoparticles (AgNP) are silver particles of no more than 100 nm in size. Silver nanoparticles have antimicrobial characteristics and have been applied to various fields as antibacterial agents. This study aims to formulate and examine the antibacterial activity in preparing silver nanoparticle mouthwash on Staphylococcus aureus. The silver nanoparticles are synthesized using a chemical reduction method, of which the wavelength is then characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and the PSA instrument is used for particle size. Silver nanoparticles are formulated for a mouthwash with various concentrations such as 0%, 60%, 70%, and 80% consecutively as formula 1, 2, 3, and 4. The observation is then performed on the organoleptic, pH, stability, and bacterial activity of the Staphylococcus aureus using the disk diffusion method. The study results indicate that the preparation of silver nanoparticle mouthwash has a good organoleptic; the average pH of formula 1, 2, 3, and 4 consecutively is 3.40, 3.40, 3.46, and 3.54; however, it is not stable during the storage stage. The result of the antibacterial activity test on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria shows that formula 2 has the most oversized average inhibition zone diameter that is 13.14±0.31 mm compared to formulas 1, 3, and 4, namely 5.20±0.44; 12.40±0.74; and 8.40±0.89 mm. The active formula of mouthwash preparation to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is formula 2