Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
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Potensi Antimikroba Fraksi Aktif Ekstrak n-Heksan Daun Rami (B.virgata F.) Guill terhadap Beberapa Mikroba Uji
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the potential antimicrobial activity of extracts soluble, insoluble n-hexane and fractions of n-hexane extract of leaves of B. virgata, some microbial testing with solid dilution method. Test material used was n-hexane-soluble extract (A) and hexane-insoluble (B), two extract was monitored by Thin Layer Chromatography method (TLC) chemical components, then tested its activity by solid dilution method. Test results of the antimicrobial activity of both types of extracts showed better activity than the methanol extract of soluble fraction of n-hexane and methanol extract of insoluble, because it can inhibit the growth of the bacterium E. coli, V. cholerae and S. thyposa, while the methanol extract of n-hexane soluble not only able to inhibit the bacteria V. cholerae, at a concentration of 1000 μg/ml medium. Fraction of methanol extract of n-hexane soluble (A) is then fractionated by the method of three funel system using eluent hexane: methanol: water (20: 6: 0.5), obtained three kinds of fractions ie fraction A, fraction B and fraction C. The antibacterial activity tes result of fraction A is active against bacteria V. chilerae, B fraction active against bacteria V.cholerae, S. thyposa and E. coli, and the active fractions of the yeast C.albicans C respectively each active at a concentration of 750 μg/ml medium
Pengaruh Propilen Glikol terhadap Laju Difusi Krim Natrium Diklofenak dengan Basis Hidrofobik Secara Invitro
Full text linkThe research on effect of propylene glycol in diffusion of cream diclofenac sodium from hydrophobic base with in-vitro. The research has been used for concentrations propylene glycol (0, 3, 5, and 7%). The stability test included organoleptic, pH, viscosity, consistency, flow type for 56 days of storge, and diffusion test used diffusion franz cell and membrane spangler. The result showed that formula diclofenac sodium cream contained propylene glycol 7% was the one best in diffusion of 0.0203 ppm/menit
Analisis Kadar Asam Sianida dalam Solanum melongena L dan Solanum quitoense L Sebelum dan Sesudah Perebusan
Full text linkAnalysis cyanide acid in Solanum melongena and Solanum quitoense L before and after boiling. Cyanide acid is esthabushed by argonometricm method (Volhard) with three times repetition, for each kinds of eggplants Solanum melongena L dan Solanum quitoense L. The research showed have endireated that before boiling the content of cyanide acid Solanum melongena L (Craigi eggplant 71,712 mg/kg, kopek eggplant 46,310 mg/kg, gelatik eggplant 0 mg/kg) and Solanum quitoense L (asam eggplant 30,434 mg/kg) after boiling, the cyanide acid to slop Solanum melongena (Craigi eggplant 19,321 mg/kg, kopek eggplant 6.620 mg/kg, gelatik eggplant 0 mg/kg and Solanum quitoense L (asam eggplant 3.445 mg/kg). There is significant content have been reduced of cyanide acid in Solanum melongena L dan Solanum quitoense
Uji Aktivitas Trakeospasmolitik Ekstrak Etanol Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. pada Organ Terpisah Trakea Marmut untuk Melihat Efek Antiasma
Full text linkAsthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by the occurrence of reversible hyperesponsif and constriction of the airways. Asthma is still a major health problem in the world. The provision of anti-asthma drugs is treatment of the disease. However, there are problems of drug side effects and problems costs incurred to purchase the drug, especially asthma is a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment. Thus it is necessary for natural based antiasthma drug development with affordable cost and fewer side effects. This study was conducted to test the potential of the ethanol extract of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. which is traditionally used by Dayak tribe as cough medicine. This study was conducted to look at the tracheospasmolytics activity of the ethanol extract of C. asiatica on isolated organ of guinea pig trachea to see the effect of antiasthma. The results showed the extract of C. asiatica had significant tracheospasmolytics activity when compared to the negative control. Although the vE max value of C. asiatica lower than aminophylline, but the EC50 value is not much different from the aminophylline as a positive control. It is concluded that the ethanol extract of C. asiatica had the tracheospasmolytics effect based activity for antiasthma
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and Quantitative Analysis of Methanol Leaf Extract of Erlangea tomentosa (Oliv. & Hiern) S.Moore (Asteraceae)
Full text linkVarious medications are being developed using natural products, particularly those resulting from medicinal plants. So, the screening and quantity analysis of phytochemicals in the methanol leaf extract of Erlangea tomentosa was looked at to find out what chemicals in the plant were responsible for its biological activity. Ten different phytochemicals, such as alkaloids, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, steroids, terpenoids, phenols, and tannins, were found by the analysis. Glycosides and cardiac glycosides were below the limits, and neither phlobatannins nor anthraquinones were found. Quantitative phytochemical analysis showed that there were 3.38g of alkaloids, 2.19g of tannins, 1.81g of flavonoids, and 0.31g of saponins. The concentrations of standard solutions per 100g of crude sample were used to estimate all the results of the tests
Evaluation of the Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Healthcare Students on Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance: A Study in Central University, Ghana
Full text linkStudents undergoing programmes in healthcare will play an important role in the management of antibiotic resistance which is still a global problem. Their knowledge and attitude should be adequately documented. This study is carried out to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance among healthcare students in Central University, Ghana. In this study, 1027 students offering courses in pharmacy, nursing and physician assistantship participated in a survey to evaluate their knowledge, attitudes and perception on antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance. Data obtained was analyzed using STATA statistics DATA analysis software version 12.0. Descriptive statistics and chi-squared test was employed. Students displayed very good knowledge of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance with students studying physician assistantship and nursing showing greater knowledge. The attitude of the respondents on the use of antibiotics was slightly above average. There was a significant difference (p = 0.029) between students’ programme of study and how they obtained their last course of antibiotics. Students displayed average knowledge on antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance but there is a need for more education to improve their perception and attitudes in order to contribute towards curbing the global problem of antibiotic resistance
In-Silico Screening of Mitragynine Derivates from the Genus Mitragyna Korth Targeting the Main Protease of the SARS-COV-2
Full text linkCoronavirus Diseases 2019, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has been a significant threat to global public health. Unfortunately, effective COVID-19 vaccines and clinically-proven anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs remain unavailable. This study was carried out aiming to predict the potential effect of mitragynine derivates from the Genus Mitragyna Korth as an inhibitor of Mpro, the main protease of the SARS-CoV-2, by in silico molecular docking study. The crystal structure of the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 as an active site target was obtained from the PDB database (rcsb.org) with PDB ID: 5R84 and 6LU7 with the native ligand of Z31792168 and N3, respectively. The analysis of in silico molecular docking was conducted using Autodock 4.2.6 (100 docking runs). The central grid was placed on HIS41 and CYS145 with a grid box comprised of 40x30x34 (for protein 5R84) and 36x62x40 (for protein 6LU7) points spaced by 0.375 Å was centered on the active site of X=9,812; Y=-0,257; Z=20,849 and X=-9.732; Y=11.403; X=68,483 (XYZ-coordinates), respectively. Our research indicated that mitrjavine and ajmalicine exhibit greater potential inhibition of the active site on the Mpro of SARS-CoV-2, even stronger than native ligands. We believed that these compounds are promising candidates to be examined in further COVID-19 drug discovery studies
Effect of Ethanol Extract of Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) URB on Anaerobic Bacterial Prophyromonas gingivalis In Vitro
Full text linkPeriodontitis is an inflamation of supporting tissues on teeth that became the main cause of Prophyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) bacteria. Treatment of periodontitis is by giving antibacterial agent therapy. Plants that have antibacterial effects one are Eleutherine bulbosa (UEB) bulbs from the Iridaceae family. This plant has been used for ethnobotany boils drugs and has been known to have antibacterial activity toward against intestinal pathogen bacteria that is anaerobic Gram Negative, but still unknown its activity against on oral pathogenic bacteria such as P. gingivalis. The purpose of this study was to know the effect of UEB extract on the growth of P. gingivalis bacteria as in vitro. UEB is taken from agriculture center in Samarinda city. UEB Simplisia was tested for antibacterial activity using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on BHI-A media supplemented with vitamin K and hemin. The bacteria which used were P. gingivalis ATCC® 33277. Blank disc 6 mm with nine concentrations attached to BHI-A medium, incubated for 24 hours at 37 °C in an anaerobic atmosphere, then sprayed MTT (3-[4,5 Dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5 diphenylttetrazoliumbromide) reagent and read a few moments later. For comparison, then used Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) 2 mg/ml. The statistical analysis with t-test and there was significant different if p<0.05. The result showed that the higher concentration of UEB ethanol extract will increase the growth inhibition zone of P. gingivalis bacteria and reach maximum at 10 mg/ml concentration. The result of t-test showed no difference significant of P. gingivalis bacterial inhibition zone in the treatment group of 7.5 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml concentration on CHX group. This study proves UEB ethanol extract can inhibit the growth of P. gingivalis bacteria
Development of a Spirulina-Infused Patch for Oil Control in the T-Zone of face: A Novel Approach to Skin Care.
Full text linkThe objective of this research was to develop a spirulina-based patch aimed at regulating sebum production and improving skin health, specifically targeting oiliness in the T-zone region. Spirulina, a blue-green algae rich in antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, antimicrobial compounds, and sebum-regulating properties, was selected as the principal active ingredient. The experimental approach involved optimizing a patch formulation for adequate adhesion, flexibility, sustained release of active components, and enhanced oil absorption. Characterization studies were conducted to evaluate mechanical strength, surface pH, moisture retention, elasticity, and user comfort. In vitro studies confirmed the patch’s effectiveness in reducing sebum levels without causing irritation or excessive dryness. Preliminary user trials demonstrated a visible reduction in T-zone oiliness and improvements in skin texture and appearance. The developed patch offers a natural, sustainable, and user-friendly alternative to conventional oil-control products. It provides targeted delivery, minimizes the risk of skin barrier disruption, and enhances skincare efficacy. Further research will focus on long-term performance evaluation and formulation refinements
The Role of Data Analytics in Optimizing Hospital Resource Allocation and Decision-making
Full text linkData analytics has emerged as a transformative force in optimizing hospital resource allocation and decision-making processes. The integration of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and the Internet of Things has significantly enhanced the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare delivery systems. These technologies enable hospitals to leverage vast amounts of data for improved clinical support, resource allocation, and operational efficiency. The implementation of data analytics in healthcare has led to several key benefits, including improved patient outcomes, cost reduction, enhanced predictive analysis capabilities, and more efficient resource optimization. However, the adoption of data analytics in healthcare settings faces several challenges, such as issues related to data quality and standardization, privacy and security concerns, and resistance to change within organizational structures. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach involving technological advancements, policy reforms, and cultural shifts within healthcare institutions. Emerging trends in healthcare data analytics point towards increased integration of artificial intelligence and deep learning technologies, promising to further enhance predictive modeling capabilities, real-time analytics, and the incorporation of diverse data sources for more precise and efficient healthcare delivery. While data analytics offers immense potential for optimizing hospital resource allocation and decision-making, its successful implementation necessitates ongoing research, interdisciplinary collaboration, and the development of robust frameworks to address ethical and practical challenges