Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Not a member yet
317 research outputs found
Sort by
Evaluation of the Suitability of Using Anticholesterol Drugs in Cholesterol Patients at Sekip Public Health Centre Palembang
Full text linkDyslipidemia is a condition that increases plasma cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels, decreases HDL levels, or causes a combination of abnormalities. In amounts sufficient for what the body needs, cholesterol works to produce hormones, vitamin D, and other components. Cholesterol is produced by the liver and can also be found in animal products. This study aims to determine the profile of treatment and the suitability of the use of anticholesterol drugs in patients with high cholesterol at Sekip Public Health Centre Palembang. This research is non-experimental, using quantitative methods and 40 samples. The demographic results of the total cholesterol levels of patients who experienced a decrease were 100 patients (100%). Demographics of patients by gender: mostly female, as many as 30 patients (75%). Demographics of patients by age: mostly in the age category 56–65 years, as many as 16 patients (40%). Demographics of patients based on comorbidities: the most common was diabetes mellitus, with as many as 12 patients (30%) The highest use of anticholesterol drugs is in the statin group, namely simvastatin (100%). The suitability of the selection of anticholesterol drugs was 100% for 100 patients. The suitability of the selection of the anticholesterol dose in 100 patients (100%
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kayu Bayur Sulawesi (Pterospermum celebicum Miq.) dengan Metode Penangkapan Radikal Bebas DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl)
Full text linkAn antioxidant activity test of Bayur Sulawesi (Pterospermum celebicum Miq.) wood ekstract by method of the scavenging free radical DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl) had been performed. The research was aimed to establish antioxidant activity of Bayur Silawesi (P. celebicum Miq.) wood extract in scavenging the free radical DPPH. The extraction was conducted by maceration method with methanol and subsequently was partitioned by n-hexan, chloroform and ethyl acetat, and tested for free radical DPPH scavenger activity. Results of antioxidant activity test indicated that IC50 value of methanol, n-hexan, chloroform and ethyl acetat extracts were 263 ppm, 277.5 ppm, 240.95 ppm and 172.9 ppm
Synthesis and Bioactivity of 3-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-Hydroxy-3-Methoxyphenyl) Pyrazoline
Full text linkPyrazoline is a five-ring heterocyclic compound having 3 carbon atoms and 2 nitrogen atoms known to have some biological activity. This study aims to synthesize 3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) pyrazoline using 2’,4’-dichloro-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy chalcone and hydrazine. Synthesis was performed by reflux method at 80oC for 7 hours. The synthesis compounds were characterized by structural elucidation techniques. From the synthesis results obtained compound 3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) Pyrazoline is pale yellow powder with 84%yield. The result of antioxidant activity test by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) showed that the compound had very strong antioxidant activity, Antibacterial test by diffusion method to use paper disk showed that the compound had antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria (S.aureus) and Gram negative bacteria (E.coli) and toxicity test by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) showed that the compound had toxicity
Formulation and Characteristic Test of Handbody Lotion Preparation of Pucuk Merah Leaf Extract (Syzygium myrtifolium Walp.) as An Antioxidant
Full text linkLotions made from natural ingredients are increasingly favored by the public, primarily due to the addition of active compounds that are functional for the skin, such as antioxidants. Antioxidants play an important role in maintaining health by improving skin texture. One potential source of natural antioxidants is the pucuk merah leaf (Syzygium myrtifolium Walp.), which is known to contain phenolic and flavonoid compounds. This study aimed to determine the physical characteristics and antioxidant activity of pucuk merah leaf extract lotion with varying extract concentrations: F1 (0.5%), F2 (2.5%), and F3 (12.5%). The results showed that all formulas met the standards for a good lotion based on organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, adhesion, spreadability, and emulsion type. Formula 1 was identified as the best formulation based on its organoleptic properties, showing a better dosage form compared to the other formulas. The antioxidant activity was classified as very strong, with IC50 values for each formula being 49.609 ppm (F1), 47.202 ppm (F2), and 35.809 ppm (F3). The antioxidant activity of each formula increased with higher extract concentrations
The Accuracy of The Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) for Identifying Malnutrition Risk in Stroke Patient
No full textMalnutrition in stroke patients is associated with poor clinical outcomes, making early nutritional assessment essential, as it is a modifiable risk factor. The Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) offers a rapid and simple approach for nutritional screening; however, its application in stroke populations remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the MST compared with the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) in stroke patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 96 acute stroke patients at Atma Jaya Hospital, Jakarta, using retrospective medical records. The MST was employed for nutritional screening, while nutritional status was determined using the SGA. Bivariate analyses assessed associations between patient characteristics, MST scores, Body Mass Index (BMI), hemoglobin levels, and total lymphocyte count (TLC) with SGA classification. Logistic regression was used to determine the independent association between MST scores and nutritional status, and the Area Under the Curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate MST validity. Results showed that 25% of patients were malnourished according to the SGA. Age, BMI, hemoglobin, TLC, and MST scores were significantly associated with nutritional status (p < 0.05). An MST score ≥2 increased the odds of malnutrition by 3.115 (p < 0.05). The MST demonstrated 75.0% sensitivity, 51.4% specificity, and an AUC of 0.674, indicating adequate diagnostic performance, though complementary assessment tools are recommended
Effect of Solvent Polarity and Protein Models on Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Leaf Extract
Full text linkProtein denaturation plays an important role in the inflammatory process, and inhibition of this mechanism is widely used as an indicator of anti-inflammatory potential in vitro. This study aimed to investigates the effect of solvent polarity and protein models on the anti-inflammatory activity of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) leaf extract using albumin denaturation assays with egg albumin and bovine serum albumin (BSA). Extracts were prepared using solvents of different polarities—n-hexane (non-polar), ethyl acetate (semi-polar), and ethanol (polar)—and tested at concentrations of 200, 500, and 1000 ppm. The results showed that solvent polarity and assay model strongly influenced inhibitory activity. In the egg albumin model, the highest inhibition was observed in the ethyl acetate extract at 1000 ppm (45.35%) with an IC₅₀ of 1232.5 ppm, followed by n-hexane extract (IC₅₀ = 1966.7 ppm). Ethanol extract exhibited comparatively lower inhibition (maximum 27.84%; IC₅₀ = 2214.7 ppm). Sodium diclofenac, used as a positive control, demonstrated potent activity with an IC₅₀ of 249.3 ppm. In the BSA model, overall inhibition values increased across all extracts, with n-hexane and ethanolic extracts showing enhanced activity, reaching 75.10% and 73.94% inhibition at 1000 ppm, respectively. Ethanol extract demonstrated the strongest activity in the BSA model (IC₅₀ = 281 ppm), indicating that polar constituents contribute substantially to protein-stabilizing effects. While, ethyl acetate extract displayed moderate inhibition with an IC₅₀ of 697.6 ppm. The study highlights the importance of solvent selection and assay model in evaluating the bioactivity of kratom leaf extracts. Overall, kratom extracts possess measurable in vitro anti-inflammatory potential, though none surpassed the standard drug. Further phytochemical identification and in vivo studies are recommended to validate these activities
Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract of Mekai Leaves (Albertisia papuana Becc.) Using the DPPH Method
Full text linkThis study examines the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of Mekai leaves (Albertisia papuana Becc.), a traditional medicinal plant widely utilized by the Dayak communities in Kalimantan. Despite its ethnopharmacological relevance, scientific data regarding its antioxidant capacity remain limited. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of important secondary metabolites, including tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids—groups of compounds commonly associated with radical-scavenging activity. The antioxidant activity assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging method demonstrated that the extract possesses strong antioxidant activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 95.583 ppm. These findings reinforce the traditional use of Mekai and underscore its potential as a natural source of bioactive antioxidant compounds
Evaluation of Fermentation Duration Effect on the Antioxidant Activity of Pecut Kuda (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L.) Leaf Kombucha
Full text linkKombucha is a fermented beverage rich in various bioactive metabolites produced through the combined activity of yeast and bacteria. Pecut kuda (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L.) leaves contain phenolic and flavonoids with potential antioxidant activity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fermentation duration on the antioxidant activity and physicochemical properties of pecut kuda leaf kombucha for 6, 10 and 14 days. The evaluation involved organoleptic assessment, pH measurement, total acetic acid determination, and antioxidant activity with DPPH assay. The antioxidant activity of pecut kuda leaf kombucha showed IC50 of 63.08 ppm, 66.79 ppm, and 98.24 ppm for 6, 10, and 14 days of fermentation, respectively, which are classified as strong antioxidant activity. The fermentation duration has a significant effect on physicochemical parameters, with pH decreasing from 3.17 to 2.64 and 2.16, while total acetic acid increase from 0.25% to 0.54% and 0.86%. Organoleptic result showed a colour change from dark brown to brown of kombucha. These results indicated that pecut kuda leaf kombucha potential as functional beverage
Stirillakton Terasetilisasi dari Daun Tendani (Goniothalamus macrophyllus Hook.f. & Thoms) Asal Kalimantan Timur
Full text linkSenyawa turunan stirillakton terasetilisasi telah berhasil diisolasi dari daun tendani (Goniothalamus macrophyllus Hook.f. & Thoms) asal Kalimantan Timur. Isolasi dimulai dengan maserasi menggunakan metanol, kemudian difraksinasi dengan n-heksana dan etil asetat. Ekstrak etil asetat diisolasi dengan teknik kromatografi kolom. Struktur isolat ditentukan strukturnya berdasarkan Spektroskopi Massa (MS), NMR (1D dan 2D). Struktur turunan stirillakton yang berhasil diisolasi diketahui sebagai 9-deoksigoniopipiron asetat
Uji Stabilitas Formula Krim Tabir Surya Ekstrak Umbi Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine americana L. Merr.)
Full text linkHas conducted research on formulation and stability of sunscreen cream onion bulb extract dayak ( Eleutherine Americana L. Merr . ) . From the empirical data for the onions dayak has been used as an anti- cancer prevention and treatment by people of Borneo so it needs to be further investigated to obtain the data laboratory to support the empirical data . Several classes of secondary metabolites found in the bulbs of onions dayak alkaloids , glycosides , flavonoids , phenolics , steroids and tannins . The study was conducted as the basis for the formulation of sunscreen preparations aimed at the prevention of skin cancer . The study was conducted with bulb onions dayak extraction using Soxhlet method with solvent n - hexane , ethyl acetate , n - butanol , and ethanol as the active ingredient of the formula of making preparations . Tests conducted on formulations A and B with the concentration of garlic bulb extract dayak by 0.1% , consisting of physical stability test ( organoleptic , homogeneity ) and chemical ( pH and dosage ) in order to obtain a stable dosage formula . The test results obtained on the organoleptic test was no change in the observations made on each preparation before and after storage at room temperature on day - 7 , -14 , and -21 . Then the homogeneity test of the hedonic test results at 95% confidence level ( SNI 01-2346-2006 ) , concluded that the homogeneity of the preparation in all formulas produced in the category of smooth . Further testing on the pH stability and pH 5.5 to 8.0 to be produced that Formula A and Formula B to pH 7.0 to 7.7 with various concentrations of the extract , after 21 days of storage , inferred pH remains stable and safe dosage for used ( SNI 16-4399-1996 ) as formula sunscreen preparations made from onion bulb extract dayak