Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
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Hubungan antara Tempat Perindukan Nyamuk Aedes aegypti dengan Kasus Demam Berdarah Dengue Di Kelurahan Penajam Kecamatan Penajam Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara
Full text linkPenajam Paser Utara Regency is a DHF endemic area with amount of DHF cases always high from 2005 and always rising every years. And penajam village is a village with the highest DHF cases in Penajam Paser Utara regency. With total DHF cases 21 or 32,79% from total DHF cases on Penajam subdistrict. This research was observational comparative in the field with quantitative method and cross-sectional approach to 60 houses by observation and interview to respondents. The purpose of this research was to analyze the correlation of container, non-container, natural container and density figure of Aedes Aegypti mosquito larvae (DF) with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) cases. This research finds result that there are significant correlation between breeding place of Aedes Aegypti mosquito larvae such as type of container (p=0.000), condition of container (p=0.000), purity of container (p=0.045), type of non-container (p=0.000), type of natural container (p=0.002) with the existence of the Aedes Aegypti mosquito larvae. While, density of Aedes Aegypti mosquito larvae did not have a significant correlation with the DHF cases (p=1.000). It suggested that could be maximizing the 3M Program and always making environment cleanliness to reduce DHF incidence in Penajam village area, Penajam Paser Utara regency
Isolasi Antioksidan Tumbuhan Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendens Merr & Perry) Asal Papua
Full text linkResearch about active antioxidant compounds isolated from plants ant nests (Myrmecodia pendens Merr. & Perry) from Papua by the method of column chromatography has been done. This study aimed to explore the isolation of the active class of compounds as antioxidants from ant nest plant. Isolates obtained using the method of column chromatography and antioxidant activity of the ant nest plants isolates tested used spraying method with free radical DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) after eluted on thin-layer chromatography. At separation by column chromatography, eluate collected in vials with a volume of 10 ml. Based on the results of fractionation, separation of the components obtained by 74 vials. Identification using TLC by determining the Rf value of each component. The same Rf value is considered as a single fraction. Based on the results obtained seven fractions TLC. Active isolates (F6) obtained by spraying. The results of fraction of spot with DPPH staining showed that the isolates was considered the most active isolates as seen from the formation of a yellow color that is lighter and more dominant than the other fractions, this indicates that the fraction (F6) binds more free radicals (DPPH)
Pengaruh Akasia sebagai Bahan Pengikat terhadap Mutu Fisik Tablet Hisap Ekstrak Teh Hijau (Camellia sinensis)
Full text linkFormulation of green tea extract lozenges (Camellia sinensis) have been studied, the lozenges were made by direct compressing method. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of acacia as binding agent to the physical characteristic of the tablets. Fillers were combined using wet granulation with acacia with concentration of 1%, 2%, and 3% respectively. Furthermore, the filler granuls mixed with green tea extract. Physical characteristic of granul including flow rate, angle of repose, particle size distribution, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index, and moisture content. Then the extract granuls were pressed into tablet on a hydraulic press with diameter 16,71 mm and pressure of 4 ton, and physical characteristic of lozenges were examined. Evaluation on the green tea extract lozenges result including tablet size, tablet weight, hardness, friability, and dissolving time. The result of those evaluations showed that green tea extract lozenges fulfilled the requirement of tablet physical characteristics. The result showed that the increase of acacia concentration will increase hardness and prolonged dissolving time but the increase of acacia concentration will decrease the friability of lozenges
A Comparative Review of Modern Pharmacy and Jamu through the Djampi Oesodo Triad Philosophy
Full text linkModern pharmaceutical science is predominantly grounded in a reductionist paradigm in which therapeutic efficacy is explained by the interaction of chemical matter with biological targets, governed by binding free energy and conformational dynamics at the molecular level. While this approach has achieved remarkable success in drug discovery and precision medicine, it often provides an incomplete account of clinical outcomes in complex, chronic, and psychosomatic conditions where context, expectation, and systemic regulation play decisive roles. In contrast, the Indonesian Jamu tradition conceptualized here through the framework of Jamulogi and the ancestral philosophy of Djampi Oesodo approaches healing as an integrated process involving kesadaran (consciousness), energi (biophysical and embodied regulation), and materi (biochemical substances derived from plants, animals, and minerals).
This narrative integrative review compares modern pharmacy and Jamu as two distinct yet potentially complementary therapeutic paradigms. The analysis synthesizes evidence from molecular pharmacology, structural biology, placebo–nocebo neuroscience, systems and network pharmacology, ethnomedicine, archaeology, and environmental health. Modern pharmaceutical efficacy is examined through the lens of binding free energy (ΔG_bind) and protein–ligand conformational landscapes, while Jamu is analysed as a multi-component, multi-target system whose effects are modulated by consciousness-mediated expectation, ritualized therapeutic context, embodied techniques, and ecological continuity. Neuroscientific evidence demonstrates that expectation and belief can modulate endogenous opioidergic, neuroendocrine, autonomic, and immune pathways, providing biological validation for the therapeutic role of consciousness emphasized in Djampi Oesodo. Concurrently, systems pharmacology and natural product research support the plausibility of Jamu’s material domain as a network-level pharmacological intervention.
The review argues that the apparent dichotomy between pharmacy and Jamu reflects differences in explanatory level rather than scientific incompatibility. By framing molecular binding energetics and systemic state regulation as complementary layers of therapeutic causality, Jamulogi emerges as a culturally grounded and scientifically plausible integrative health science. This framework offers a coherent foundation for future research in ethnopharmacology, systems biology, integrative clinical trial design, and sustainable phytopharmaceutical innovation within Indonesia and beyond
Antibacterial Potential of Avicennia marina Leaf Extracts: Recent Evidence and Research Gaps
Full text linkMangrove plants are recognized as a valuable source of bioactive secondary metabolites with potential pharmaceutical applications, particularly as antibacterial agents. Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh., one of the most widely distributed mangrove species, has been traditionally used to treat various infections. In recent years, increasing attention has been directed toward the antibacterial activity of A. marina leaf extracts in response to the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance. This mini review aims to critically evaluate recent evidence published between 2019 and 2025 regarding the antibacterial potential of A. marina leaf extracts and to identify existing research gaps. A structured literature search was conducted using Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar databases, focusing on studies that investigated the in vitro antibacterial activity of A. marina leaves. The reviewed studies consistently report inhibitory effects against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Vibrio spp., and Pseudomonas spp. However, substantial variability in extraction methods, antibacterial assays, and phytochemical characterization limits direct comparison among studies. Overall, A. marina leaf extracts demonstrate promising antibacterial potential, yet further standardized studies and mechanistic investigations are required to support their development as pharmaceutical antibacterial agents
Observasi Klinik Ekstrak Air Umbi Segar Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia L. Merr) Sebagai Obat Kista Ovarium
Full text linkThis study aimed to ascertain clinical observations about the ability of the water extract of fresh garlic bulbs dayak eliminate lumps in the uterus (cysts) ovarian and ensure the necessary time or duration of administration of the extract to remove the lump or cyst woman\u27s uterus. The activities are making herbal tea preparation of fresh garlic bulbs dayak. Doses used in herbal teas of 8.4 grams / day. Each participant consumed herbal tea 2 times a day for 7 days continued to consume for 14 days. Then do an ultrasound to see the size of ovarian cysts before consuming or after consuming a herbal tea. The results of the study of fresh garlic bulbs clinical observations show that the herbal tea dayak give change ovarian cyst size of each respondent. Use of herbal tea in the observation of this study was 4.2 grams with the rules of drinking 2 times daily (8.4 grams / day) and change the size of ovarian cysts are consumed during the 7 days and continued for 14 days
Bioaktivitas Biji Kolowe (Chydenanthus excelsus) terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypty
Full text linkKolowe seed (Chydenanthus excelsus) bioactivity against Aedes aegypti masquito larvae was investegated. Assay of Kolowe seed preparation used fresh seed powder, dry powder, rough extract (methanol extract), n- butanol extract fraction, and aethyl acetate extract fraction. Plant material taken from Kamaru, Buton, Indonesia on March 2007. Fresh powder bioactivity (LC50 = 230.60 ppm); dry powder (LC50 = 225.55 ppm); rough extract/ methanol (LC50 = 245.70 ppm); n- butanol extract fraction (LC50 = 235.75 ppm); aethyl acetate extract fraction (LC50 = 250.55 ppm). The research results illustrated that the bioactivity seed from kolowe strong enough against mosquito larvae A. aegypti and dry powder has a stronger bioactivity than the other
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Fungi Endofit Tanaman Tapak Dara (Catharanthus Roseus)
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the diversity of endophytic fungi Tread Dara (Catharanthus roseus) as one of the potential plants that can produce medicinal efficacious compounds. This study includes the isolation and identification of endophytic fungi on Tapak Dara plant using PDA medium. Based on the results obtained 6 endophytic fungal isolates originating from roots and leaves Tread Dara
Uji Aktivitas Antinyamuk Lotion Minyak Kunyit Sebagai Alternatif Pencegah Penyebaran Demam Berdarah Dengue
Full text linkThis research aims to create a lotion formula containing essential oils of turmeric (Curcuma longa) as well as find out its activities as Aedes aegypti repellent. Turmeric rhizome steam distilled essential oil fraction to be taken. Lotion is made by mixing turmeric oil with a base with a concentration of 10%, 15%, and 20%. Preparation activity tested against Aedes aegypti mosquito that is by calculating the protection time. As a negative control use basis only, whereas the positive control used the patent lotion. From the test results obtained activity results lotion protection time in a row were 1.33 ± 0.34, 3.33 ± 0.38, 11.43 ± 1.50, and 21.67 ± 2.08 minutes. Preparations that have their greatest protection is lotion which contains turmeric oils of 20%. In addition to the activity test also tests the physical properties of turmeric oil lotion, i.e organoleptic test, pH, spreadibility test, and viscosity. All tests of physical properties were fullfilled the criteria lotion preparations. Then the pH and spreadibility tested again after being stored for 1 month. pH of lotion not experience significant differences compared to when newly created, while the spreadibility changed after being stored 1 month
Genipin as a Cross-linker in a Ciprofloxacin Delivery System Containing a Bovine Hydroxyapatite-Collagen Composite for Bone Infections
Full text linkThe purpose of this research was to design an implant for a ciprofloxacin-based drug delivery system by combining bovine hydroxyapatite and collagen with genipin as the crosslinking agent. The production of ciprofloxacin implants using bovine hydroxyapatite:collagen blend (70:30). In addition, this synthetic preparation was made using three various concentrations of genipin (0.6, 0.8, and 1.0%). The pellets were created by compressing the implants. The tablets are cylindrical with a diameter of 4.0 mm and a weight of 100.0 mg. Ciprofloxacin cultures were characterized for swelling rate, porosity, density, compressive strength, morphology (SEM), dose, and drug release in vitro. The addition of genipin as a crosslinking agent may maintain ciprofloxacin release consistent with in vitro therapeutic levels of ciprofloxacin. These results are supported by compressive strength data, where the addition of genipin concentrations induces higher implant stiffness and scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs reveal small pore sizes and BHA adhere to collagen fibers so that ciprofloxacin is completely dispersed in the implant after cross-linking with genipin. As a drug delivery system for osteomyelitis, it can be concluded that the use of genipin as a cross-linking agent can sustain ciprofloxacin release commensurate with in vitro therapeutic levels of ciprofloxacin for 30 days