Revistas Universidad del Bío-Bío
Not a member yet
3557 research outputs found
Sort by
AGENDAS INVESTIGATIVAS DE LIDERAZGO EN EDUCACIÓN: UNA PANORÁMICA DESDE LA INVESTIGACIÓN PUBLICADA EN DIFERENTES REVISTAS
Full text linkPara este estudio se utilizó la idea de agenda de investigación propuesta por Llinares (2008): “conjunto de investigaciones de un determinado ámbito formado por una problemática específica, aunque sea abordada desde referentes teóricos distintos y que pueden determinar niveles de atención más concretos” (p.8). El estudio analiza las agendas de investigación referidas a liderazgo en educación, en foco de la temática investigativa, los métodos y las preguntas de investigación. El propósito de este artículo es responder la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿cuáles son los ámbitos de mayor interés de ser investigados en el área de liderazgo en educación? Desde un enfoque mixto se analiza un corpus de 201 resúmenes de artículos, de tres revistas especializadas (dos en inglés y una en español), publicados entre 2015-2022 que fueron recuperados desde la base de datos Web of Science, Scopus y Scielo. Los resultados establecen siete agendas de investigación: comunidad profesional de aprendizaje, liderazgo docente, liderazgo distribuido, liderazgo pedagógico, liderazgo escolar/directivo, liderazgo y gestión educativa y liderazgo y género, siendo el liderazgo escolar/directivo el más frecuente.For this study we used the idea of research agenda proposed by Llinares (2008): "set of research in a given field formed by a specific problem, even if approached from different theoretical references and which may determine more specific levels of attention" (p.8). The study analyzes the research agendas related to leadership in education, focusing on the research topic, methods and research questions. The purpose of this article is to answer the following research question: what are the areas of greatest interest to be researched in the area of educational leadership? From a mixed approach, a corpus of 201 article abstracts is analyzed, from three specialized journals (two in English and one in Spanish), published between 2015-2022 that were retrieved from the Web of Science, Scopus and Scielo databases. The results establish seven research agendas: professional learning community, teacher leadership, distributed leadership, pedagogical leadership, school/managerial leadership, leadership and educational management, and leadership and gender, with school/managerial leadership being the most frequent
LA CONFIANZA Y CERCANÍA ENTRE DOCENTE Y ALUMNADO: ¿DETERIORA LA JERARQUÍA DENTRO DE LA ESCUELA?
Full text linkChilean society is currently undergoing a problem related to the lack of trust in its environment and context. This social crisis is not alien to educational establishments, where children and adolescents are trained not only in theoretical knowledge, but also in values and life skills. The objective of this essay is to reflect on trust and closeness between teachers and students. For the purposes of the essay, the concept of trust is explained from the school's point of view. In addition, the relationship between the teacher-student is discussed from a theoretical perspective, reaching the conclusion that the vertical hierarchy in which the teacher is the center of the class is detrimental to the development of this fundamental value to generate an optimal environment that will help improve academic performance and interpersonal relationships of the educational community in general.La sociedad chilena actualmente está sometida a una problemática referente a la falta de confianza con su entorno y contexto. Esta crisis social no está ajena a los establecimientos educacionales, lugar donde los niños, niñas y adolescentes se forman no solo en conocimientos teóricos, sino también en valores y habilidades para la vida. El objetivo de este ensayo es reflexionar en torno a la confianza y cercanía entre el profesor y el alumnado. Para fines del ensayo el concepto de confianza, se explica desde la óptica de la escuela. Además, se discute la relación que se genera entre el profesorado-alumnado desde una perspectiva teórica, llegando a la conclusión que la jerarquía vertical en el cual, el docente es el centro de la clase, perjudica al desarrollo de este valor fundamental para generar un ambiente óptimo y que ayudará a mejorar el rendimiento académico y las relaciones interpersonales de la comunidad educativa en general
Q+: BARRERAS ACTITUDINALES EN LA CONVIVENCIA ESCOLAR FRENTE A LA DIVERSIDAD SEXUAL Y DE GÉNERO
Full text linkLas barreras actitudinales constituyen formas sistemáticas de exclusión del estudiantado con orientaciones sexuales e identidades de género diversas (OSIGD). Estas manifestaciones dan origen a comportamientos y acciones que afectan la participación, permanencia y promoción de los y las estudiantes lesbianas, gays, bisexuales, intersexuales y trans por considerar que estos individuos sobrepasan la norma social de la heteronormatividad como constructo. Para esta investigación fue significativo el hallazgo de diferentes concepciones que podrían ser transformadas en aras de contribuir a la inclusión de la población diversa sexualmente. De igual manera, el análisis de resultados reveló que no solo existen barreras, sino que existen agentes, discursos y prácticas que funcionan como facilitadores. De este análisis emergieron algunas recomendaciones para el contexto de la I.E.D Manuel Cepeda Vargas que pretenden ser un apoyo para alcanzar la inclusión de la población con OSIGD y contribuir a las transformaciones sociales necesarias para garantizar la educación de todas las personas.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26620/uniminuto.inclusion.10.2.2023.65-80Attitudinal barriers are systematic forms of exclusion of students with diverse sexual orientations and gender identities. These manifestations give rise to behaviors and actions that affect the participation, permanence, and promotion of lesbian, gay, bisexual, intersex, and trans students, considering that these individuals exceed the social norm of heteronormativity as a construct. For this research, the finding of different conceptions that could be transformed to contribute to the inclusion of the sexually diverse population was significant. In the same way, the analysis of results revealed that there are not only barriers but also that there are agents, discourses, and practices that function as facilitators. From this analysis, some recommendations emerged for the context of the I.E.D Manuel Cepeda Vargas that aim to support the achieving of the inclusion of the population with SOGID and contribute to the social transformations necessary to guarantee the education of all people.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26620/uniminuto.inclusion.10.2.2023.65-8
Cement-bonded wood panels filled with duroplast sanitary ware wastes
Full text linkThe effect of using duroplast sanitary ware waste as a substitute for wood materials in cement-bonded wood panels was evaluated. Utilizing these wastes can provide considerable economic and environmental benefits by reducing the use of wood materials and the deposits in landfills. Cement-bonded wood panels were produced with the replacement of spruce wood materials by the duroplast sanitary ware waste particles in 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, and 40 wt%. The produced panels were examined in terms of physical, thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties and compared with the related standards. Experimental findings demonstrated that water absorption, moisture content, and thickness swelling values of the panels were enhanced by the addition of duroplast sanitary ware waste. The duroplast sanitary ware waste did not affect the density of the panels. The bending strength and the modulus of elasticity of the cement-bonded wood panels can be increased up to 23 % and 5,6 %, respectively, by the addition of 10 wt% duroplast sanitary ware waste particles. However, the internal bond strength and the screw withdrawal resistance values were reduced by an increment in the use of duroplast sanitary ware waste. The scanning electron microscope observation revealed that there was no mechanical interlocking between the duroplast sanitary ware waste and cement, and the formations of voids in the panels increased with an increase in the duroplast sanitary ware waste particle content. The thermal analysis showed that the use of duroplast sanitary ware waste resulted in increased cement hydration products due to the reduction in the wood content of cement-bonded wood panels
Physical, mechanical, and combustion properties of twelve wood species from the Brazilian Amazon
Full text linkStudying the combustibility and physical‒mechanical properties of wood is important for recommending its use in construction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the combustibility, as well as the physical and mechanical properties, of twelve Brazilian Amazonian woods. Species. For each species, the combustibility parameters, fire exposure test, residual mass, loss mass, intact mass, charred area, proximate analysis, basic density, compressive strength and modulus of elasticity were determined. All the evaluated properties were significant affected by the wood species. In the fire exposure test, ignition time ranged from 21 s to 55 s while flame time was between 108 s and 233 s. Residual mass ranged from 60,7% to 82,7%, and intact areas ranged from 28,13 % to 62,68 %. Basic density values ranged from 335 kg/m3 to 889 kg/m3, compressive strength ranged from 29 MPa to 82 MPa, and the modulus of elasticity ranged from 9 GPa to 33 GPa. The wood of Hymenaea courbaril (courbaril), Manilkara huberi (masaranduba), Handroanthus serratifolius (yellow lapacho) was identified as the most suitable for structural components, ensuring greater safety against possible fires. Short-term fire exposure tests, particularly the ignition time parameter combined with residual mass and intact area, are key for assessing wood resistence to fires
Evaluación de barriles de lluvia y techos verdes para mitigar inundaciones en clima cálido subhúmedo, Estado de Colima, México
Full text linkLas inundaciones en las áreas urbanas se presentan con mayor frecuencia producto del intensivo cambio de uso de suelo y los efectos del cambio climático. Los Sistemas Urbanos de Drenaje Sostenible (SUDS) buscan replicar el ciclo hidrológico local y con ello, reducir las inundaciones. Se evaluaron dos tipologías: los Barriles de Lluvia (BLL) y los Techos Verdes (TV). El objetivo fue determinar qué técnica alcanza mayor eficiencia en la reducción de volúmenes de escorrentía en la ciudad de Villa de Álvarez, Colima, México. La simulación se realizó, a través del software Storm Water Managment Model (SMWW), y los resultados indicaron que los BLL y TV lograron reducir el volumen de la escorrentía un 14.36% y 26.40% respectivamente, bajo la condición más crítica.As inundações em áreas urbanas estão se tornando mais frequentes devido à mudança intensiva no uso da terra e aos efeitos das mudanças climáticas. Os Sistemas Urbanos de Drenagem Sustentável (SUDS) visam replicar o ciclo hidrológico local e, assim, reduzir as inundações. Duas tipologias foram avaliadas: Barris de Chuva (BLL) e Telhados Verdes (TV). O objetivo é determinar qual técnica alcança maior eficiência na redução dos volumes de escoamento na cidade de Villa de Álvarez, Colima, México. A simulação foi realizada utilizando o software Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), e os resultados indicam que BC e TV alcançaram uma redução no volume de escoamento de 14,36% e 26,40%, respectivamente, sob a condição mais crítica.Flooding in urban areas is becoming more frequent due to intensive land-use change and the effects of climate change. Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) aim to replicate the local hydrological cycle and thereby reduce flooding. Two typologies were evaluated: Rain Barrels (BLL) and Green Roofs (TV). The objective is to determine which technique achieves greater efficiency in reducing runoff volumes in the city of Villa de Álvarez, Colima, Mexico. The simulation was carried out using Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) software, and the results indicate that RB and GR achieved a reduction in runoff volume of 14.36% and 26.40% respectively, under the most critical condition
Gestión de competencias laborales como herramienta para reducir los costos de las organizaciones
Full text linkEn un entorno global altamente competitivo, las empresas buscan aumentar la rentabilidad principalmente mediante la reducción de costos y mejorando la productividad, siendo esta última donde el desarrollo del talento humano se vuelve esencial. El presente artículo, mediante revisión sistemática de estudios recientes sobre el tema, analiza los casos que utilizaron la gestión de competencias laborales como herramienta para mejor la productividad y alcanzar la reducción de costos. Como resultado se presentan conclusiones de exploración, que indican que la gestión de competencias contribuye a la reducción de costos mediante disminución de errores, accidentes laborales y desperdicio de recursos, encontrando diferentes modelos que sustenta los resultados positivos en diferentes sectores productivos.In a highly competitive global environment, companies seek to increase profitability mainly by reducing costs and improving productivity, the latter being where the development of human talent becomes essential. This article, through a systematic review of recent studies on the subject, analyzes the cases that used labor skills management as a tool to improve productivity and achieve cost reduction. As a result, exploration conclusions are presented, which indicate that competency management contributes to cost reduction by reducing errors, work accidents and waste of resources, finding different models that support positive results in different productive sectors
Improvement of gluing parameters in Edge Glued Panels
Full text linkFaced with the need for innovation and waste reduction that the market demands, the high consumption of adhesive in the furniture industry led to the need and interest in studying ways to reduce this consumption, through changes in the bonding process without compromising the mechanical properties of the bonded ma- terial. The collage is carried out to form Edge Glued Panels of Pinus taeda (loblolly pine), using PolyVinyl Acetate adhesive with an average weight of 205 g/m². If lower weights are used, using the current application method (roller), mechanical strength problems begin to arise. The objective of this work was to study the fea- sibility of applying glue by another method (spray) with weights and, consequently, shorter pressing times, to evaluate the conservation of the mechanical properties of the panels through shear and traction tests. For that, samples were made according to the standards with the current situation of bonding (weight of 205 g/m² and pressing time of 80 s), to obtain reference results in the tests, and in the proposed situations (adhesive weights of 125 g/m² and 80 g/m² and pressing times of 70 s and 75 s), in an attempt to reach the established reference values. Regarding the results, it was feasible to conclude that the current method could be replaced by the proposed one, using the spray together with an adhesive weight of 125 g/m² and pressing times of 75 s and 70 s, with no statistically significant difference for the current method
La voluntariedad de una calificación energética como causa de desinformación en los consumidores y prácticas de greenwashing
Full text linkThis research aims to review the energy efficiency rating of homes sold by real estate companies and construction firms in the city of Santiago. Thus, the advertising on the websites of 45 real estate projects for sale in June 2024 was analyzed in light of the current regulations. Regarding the methodology used to carry out this study, both the dogmatic method —typical of studies conducted in the legal field— and the empirical-analytical and comparative methods were employed. The results conclude that the voluntary nature of energy labeling and the existing regulations expose real estate consumers to uninformed purchasing decisions and even to greenwashing practices, as they cannot verify the truthfulness of advertising claims. All the analyzed projects are priced between 2,000 and 4,000 UF (US158,200 – July 2024), consequently targeting consumers belonging to the middle class (C2 and C3 sectors).O objeto desta pesquisa é a classificação de eficiência energética de residências comercializadas por empresas imobiliárias e de construção na municipalidade de Santiago, Chile. Para tanto, a publicidade contida nos sites de 45 projetos imobiliários à venda durante o mês de junho de 2024 foi analisada à luz das normas vigentes. Quanto à metodologia utilizada para realizar este estudo, recorremos, por um lado, ao método dogmático - típico de estudos realizados no âmbito jurídico - e, por outro, aos métodos empírico-analítico e comparativo. Os resultados levam à conclusão de que a natureza voluntária da etiquetagem energética e as regulamentações existentes nesse campo deixam o consumidor de imóveis exposto a decisões de compra desinformadas e até mesmo a práticas de greenwashing, já que não é possível verificar a veracidade das alegações publicitárias feitas. Todos os projetos analisados têm um valor que varia de 2.000 a 4.000 UF (de 436 a 872 mil reais – julho 2024) e, consequentemente, são voltados para consumidores de classe média (setor C2 e C3).El objeto de esta investigación es la calificación de eficiencia energética de las viviendas comercializadas por inmobiliarias y constructoras en la comuna de Santiago, Chile. De este modo, se analizó, a la luz de la normativa vigente, la publicidad contenida en las páginas web de 45 proyectos inmobiliarios en venta durante el mes de junio del 2024. En cuanto a la metodología utilizada para llevar a efecto este estudio, se recurrió, por un lado, al método dogmático –propio de los estudios realizados en el ámbito jurídico– y, por otro, a los métodos empírico-analítico y comparativo. Los resultados permiten concluir que la voluntariedad del etiquetado energético y la regulación existente en este ámbito deja expuesto al consumidor inmobiliario a decisiones de compra desinformadas e incluso, a prácticas de greenwashing ya que, no le es posible comprobar la veracidad de las afirmaciones publicitarias realizadas. Todos los proyectos analizados tienen un valor que va desde las 2000 a las 4000 UF y apuntan, en consecuencia, a los consumidores pertenecientes a la clase media (sector C2 y C3)
Produciendo periferias: morfología y habitabilidad en las conurbaciones de Cuenca, Ecuador
Full text linkThe expansion of Latin American intermediate cities has left irregular and discontinuous occupation patterns in their peripheral territories. In appearance, the configurations of the urban edges do not have relevant differences. In fact, each morphological structure is heterogeneous and has its own behaviors, different occupation motivations, and diverse resulting consolidated models. In Cuenca, Ecuador, these diffuse zones between the urban and rural limits are marked by segregation dynamics and dependence on the consolidated center and have the lowest quality-of-life indexes in the city. In this context, the objective of the research was to find a possible relationship between the types of peripheral morphologies and the levels of urban habitability of four city urban centers, using a quantitative methodological design with a two-stage correlational scope. Initially, urban morphologies were classified, and the habitability levels were rated separately, applying independent instruments. Then, the results were cross-checked to describe possible links between variables. The findings highlight significant disparities in habitability between conurbations and define an apparent direct correlation between the two dimensions of analysis.La expansión de las ciudades intermedias latinoamericanas ha dejado patrones de ocupación irregulares y discontinuos sobre sus territorios periféricos. En apariencia, las configuraciones urbanas de los bordes no difieren de manera relevante, sin embargo, cada estructura morfológica es heterogénea, posee conductas propias, diferentes motivaciones de ocupación y resulta en diversos modelos consolidados. En Cuenca, Ecuador, estas zonas difusas entre el límite urbano y rural están marcadas a su vez por dinámicas de segregación y dependencia al centro consolidado y en ellas se registran los índices de calidad de vida más bajos de la ciudad. En este contexto, el objetivo de la investigación fue encontrar una posible relación entre los tipos de morfologías periféricas y los niveles de habitabilidad urbana de cuatro núcleos urbanos de la ciudad. Se usó un diseño metodológico cuantitativo de alcance correlacional de dos etapas. Inicialmente, se clasificaron las morfologías urbanas y se calificaron los niveles de habitabilidad por separado, aplicando instrumentos independientes. Posteriormente se cruzaron los resultados para describir posibles vínculos entre variables. Los hallazgos resaltan disparidades significativas de habitabilidad entre conurbaciones y se define una aparente correlación directa entre ambas dimensiones de análisis