Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje: Journals / Универзитет "Св. Кирил и Методиј"-Скопје
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СТРАТЕШКИОТ ПРИСТАП НА ЕВРОПСКАТА УНИЈА КОН БЕЗБЕДНОСТА
No full textВо текот на изминатите три децении, Европската Унија иницираше широк спектар на активности насочени кон нејзино пролиферирање како сериозен и почитуван безбедносен актер. Имено, во 1993 година, Унијата ја усвои Заедничката надворешна и безбедносна политика, потоа, во 1998 година, ги постави темелите на Европската безбедносна и одбранбена политика, додека во 2003 година, ја усвои и првата безбедносна стратегија, која практично го означи почетокот на развојниот процес на нејзиниот автохтон стратешки пристап во безбедносната сфера. Тргнувајќи од значењето кое стратешките документи го имаат при дизајнирањето на безбедносните пристапи (на национално, регионално и меѓународно ниво), вниманието во овој труд е насочено кон подетална анализа на стратешкиот пристап на Европската Унија на овој план. Оттука,фокусот е посебно ставен на истражување на трите главни стратешки документи (усвоени во 2003, 2016 и 2022 година), со кои Унијата го дизајнира својот стратешки пристап и одговор во однос на динамичната и предизвикувачка безбедносна средина. Намерата е да се креира јасна перцепција и поспецифичноразбирање на еволуитивниот карактер на стратешкиот пристап на ЕУ кон безбедноста, со посебен осврт на главните предизвици и перспективи во овој контекст
Flexible Retirement Pathways in Romania: Rules, Motivations, and Implications for Prolonging Working Live
No full textThis article examines flexible retirement pathways in Romania, focusing on the interaction between statutory regulations, labour market participation, and social and fiscal outcomes. Drawing on legislation and data from the National House of Public Pensions, Eurostat, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and European Commission, the study investigates the rules regarding the timing of retirement (i.e. deferred retirement, early retirement), pension cumulation with work income, and differentiated pensionable ages. Recent reforms aimed to equalize retirement ages for men and women, link statutory retirement age to life expectancy, and incentivize longer work careers. Findings indicate that while legislative measures have increased formal flexibility, the actual take-up of flexible retirement pathways remains low, with a limited impact on labor market participation, particularly among women and low-educated workers. Employment rates among people aged 65+ have declined along with the decrease of employment in agriculture, while the employment rate of those approaching the pensionable age has only moderately increased over the last decade. The lower levels of employment among older people compared to the EU average suggest that structural barriers and social factors limit the impact of the flexible retirement pathways on prolonging the working life. Policy implications highlight the need for integrated labour and social policies to maximize the effectiveness of flexible retirement pathways
НОВО ИЗДАНИЕ ПОСВЕТЕНО НА МАКЕДОНСКИОТ ЗНАКОВЕН ЈАЗИК Викторија Волак, Синонимија и полисемија во македонскиот знаковен јазик, Посебни изданија, кн. 92, Институт за македонски јазик „Крсте Мисирков“, Скопје 2023.
No full textANALYSIS OF THE LEGAL STATUS OF THE MACEDONIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH (ARCHDIOCESE OF OHRID) AND THE CATHOLIC CHURCH AND THEIR RELATION TO THE STATE
No full textThe main aim of this article is to examine the legal framework of the Christian Churchesin contemporary Macedonian society, with a special focus on the Macedonian Orthodox Church -Archdiocese of Ohrid and the Catholic Church. Applied methods: historical, normative,comparative. Several conclusions are presented, concerning the importance of the dialoguebetween Christian Churches and the state in historical and modern national and internationalcontext
FLEXIBILITY OF CONSTITUTIONS AS A FACTOR OF POLITICAL STABILITY. THE CASE OF WESTERN BALKANS STATES
No full textThis paper elaborates on the relationship between the political system\u27s stability and a constitution\u27sflexibility. Using the comparative constitutionalism perspective, one can find some backgroundassumptions underlying political system mechanisms. The core of the constitutionalsystem is made of political elements manifested in the Preamble and legal elements, which areto be found in the body of the written document of the constitution. Rules and procedures forinterplay between these elements are crucial for comprehending political stability issues. Thistheoretical approach shows its full gravity when analyzing the political peculiarities of WesternBalkans states, where constitutions are utilized as political instruments for stabilizing volatilemulti-ethnic and pluralistic societies. The outcome of the research is significant for better understandingthe Balkan political context as well as the inherent logic of the idea of constitutionalism
ПОЗДРАВНО ОБРАЌАЊЕ ПО ПОВОД 65 ГОДИНИ ОД ОСНОВАЊЕТО НА ПОЛОНИСТИКАТА ВО МАКЕДОНИЈА
No full textПОЗДРАВНО ОБРАЌАЊЕ ПО ПОВОД 65 ГОДИНИ ОД ОСНОВАЊЕТО НА ПОЛОНИСТИКАТА ВО МАКЕДОНИЈ
PRAYERS IN MODERN MACEDONIAN POETRY : (Based on the examples from Blazhe Koneski’s works)
No full text Следејќи ја генеалогијата на молитвата и нејзиниот развој како жанр во македонската книжевна традиција, трудот се темели на предизвикот да се исчитаат молитвите во современата македонска поезија. Притоа, трудот има за цел преку исчитување на молитвите од поетскиот опус на Блаже Конески да даде прилог за можни одговори на неколку прашања, меѓу коишто централно место зазема прашањето колку овие книжевни молитви ја следат канонизираната схема на христијанската молитва од средновековието или отстапуваат од неа. Observing the prayer genealogy and development as a genre in the Macedonian literary tradition, the paper builds on the challenge to read all the prayers in the contemporary Macedonian poetry. Besides, the paper aims, by reading the prayers from Blazhe Koneski’s poetic oeuvre, to provide possible answers to several questions, in particular the number of those literary prayers that follow the canonized scheme of Christian prayer from the Middle Ages or deviate therefrom
KEY COMMITMENTS AND EXPECTATIONS FROM THE 2024 NATO SUMMIT IN WASHINGTON
Get PDFIn the period from 9 until 11 July, 2024, the 75 anniversary Summit of the Headsof State and Government of the Alliance was held in Washington, in the conditions of aconventional threat to the security of the Alliance and in a time of war on the soil of Europe.NATO leaders discussed strategically important issues related to deterrence and defense,long-term support for Ukraine and cooperation with the Alliance’s global partners. Thefocus in strengthening the Alliance’s defense and deterrence is placed through “investingin new, modern high-end military capabilities” and “increasing the readiness of our forces,”(Stoltenberg, 2024) all underpinned by major increases in defence spending across theAlliance by supporting the increase in defense spending.I have suggested that at the Summit, we agree a big NATO role in coordinating and providingsecurity assistance and training for Ukraine,” he said. “I strongly believe that we need afirmer, stronger institutionalized structure for the support. Ad-hoc, short term, voluntaryannouncements are good – but in the long term, we need more predictable, stronger supportfor Ukraine. In relation to the support of Ukraine, NATO is expected to increase its role inthe coordinating and providing security assistance and training for Ukraine. According toStoltenberg, this implies the establishment of a “firmer, stronger institutionalized structure”that will ensure a more predictable and sustainable long-term support of Ukraine. Cooperationwith partners is crucial for security and stability because security is not only a regional issuebut also a global issue
ПРИКАЗ НА ЖЕНСКАТА СЕКСУАЛНОСТ ВО РУСКАТА КНИЖЕВНОСТ НА КРАЈОТ НА XIX И ПОЧЕТОКОТ НА XX век
Get PDFThis study examines how female sexuality is portrayed in Russian literature at the turn of the 19th to the 20th century, focusing on works by authors such as Tolstoy, Zinaida Gippius, Lydia Zinovyeva-Annibal, and Alexander Kuprin. It highlights how literary texts both reflect and challenge prevailing patriarchal norms by depicting women’s sexual desires, autonomy, and self-determination against the backdrop of rapid social, economic, and cultural changes. By exploring themes such as the objectification and eroticization of the female body, psychological transformations prompted by sexual awareness, and the struggle between personal identity and societal expectations, the analysis reveals literature’s role in questioning traditional gender roles. Ultimately, these works offer insight into the evolving understanding of female sexuality during a time of profound historical upheaval and set the stage for reevaluating gender dynamics in both past and present contexts.Овој труд го анализира приказот на женската сексуалност во неколку дела од руската книжевност од крајот на XIX и почетокот на XX век. Анализата се фокусира на тоа како овие текстови ги одразуваат и ги предизвикуваат социјалните норми преку приказот на женските ликови и нивните сексуални искуства. Притоа, се разгледуваат теми како автономијата, сексуалната самоопределба и психолошката трансформација на женските ликови во контекст на доминантните патријархални структури и социоекономските услови. Главната цел е да се даде нова перспектива за разбирањето на женската сексуалност и нејзината улога во формирањето на женските идентитети во руската литература од овој период.
 
CONTEMPORARY TENDENCIES IN THE REPRESENTATION OF NATURAL PERSONS IN CIVIL LAW
Get PDFOne of the most important institutes of civil law, without which modern civil law relationscannot be imagined, is the institute of representation. It enables the exercise of the civil law rightsof natural persons in circumstances when they cannot exercise their rights personally. Therepresentation makes it possible for natural persons to participate in civil law relations, even whenthey lack the active legal capacity to acquire rights and duties. However, representation is not onlyan instrument that enables natural persons lacking active legal capacity to participate in civil lawrelations but also an institute that creates opportunities for natural persons with active legalcapacity to undertake legal actions via a representative. Considering the scope and relevance ofrepresentation in civil law, this paper aims to examine and analyze the contemporary tendenciesof development of this institute in civil law. The paper will demonstrate that this traditional civillaw institute has been involved in the legal systems of contemporary European countries over time.The end goal is to evaluate how the Macedonian legal system aligns with these contemporarytendencies regarding the regulation of representation in Macedonian civil law