Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje: Journals / Универзитет "Св. Кирил и Методиј"-Скопје
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THE SOCIAL CONTEXT OF THE DIALECTICAL STRUCTURE IN THE MACEDONIAN ART-MODERNIST DISCOURSE
No full textThrough a summarized insight into the historical developmental stages in artand culture, this paper anticipates the hypothesis of the existence of a dialectical structurein the Macedonian art-modernist discourse, generated by the positions of the artist/art in relation to the complex social reality in Macedonia.Since the pre-war period, the subject of analysis has been art as a social practiceand the artist as a social actor (the founders of modern art, Ličenoski, Martinoski) who,through the theme of labor and the worker, provides an engaged response addressing thequestion of class consciousness. From the post-war period (the division of the world intoblocs, the clash of East and West) as a turning point, the paper explores the potential ofpublic speech (by Miroslav Krleža) as a call for freedom of artistic creation and as resistanceto imposed dogmas (socialist realism). The step towards a decisive dialectization ofart and culture is examined through the activities of the group “Denes” (a promisingstep), the democratization of art, and the “aesthetic pluralism” of its creators (Lazeski,Grabuloski). Post-war monumental art is analyzed through the aspect of man-society,that is, through the role of individual artistic impulses (Mazev, Čemerski) in the constructionof a new social system.In a continuity of crisis historical situations, the foundation of art is guided bythe need for participation in the construction of a new society, based on and constitutedby the dialectical attitudes and individual decisions of modernist artists
PSYCHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INTERNALIZED MISOGYNY SCALE (IMS) TRANSLATED INTO MACEDONIAN LANGUAGE
No full textThis study examines the psychometric characteristics of the Internalized MisogynyScale (IMS), developed by Piggot in 2004, following its translation into theMacedonian language. The sample consisted of 441 women aged 18 to 56 (M = 31.2;SD = 11.7). The data were collected online, with participants taking part voluntarilyand anonymously.Confirmatory factor analysis identified a moderate model fit. The originalthree-component structure was retained with minor deviations, comprising three factors:Distrust of women, Devaluation of women, and Valuing men over women.The scale exhibited high internal consistency (α = .89), and item-total correlationsranged from r = .40 to.72. Convergent validity was supported through correlationswith modern sexism (r(399) = .22,p < .01), self-silencing (r (399) = .23,p < .01), andfeminist identification (r (399) = –.18,p < .01), while discriminant validity was supportedby the absence of a correlation with general self-esteem, contrasted by a negativeassociation with gender-related self-esteem (r (399) = –.15, p < .01).These findings offer support for the use of the Macedonian IMS in researchand practice. However, it warrants refinement of the identified critical items to ensurecross-cultural validity and sensitivity to the evolving social meanings of misogyny
THE CONCEPT OF RESILIENCE IN THE CONTEMPORARY SECURITY ENVIRONMENT
No full textIn recent years, resilience has emerged as a central concept in national and internationalsecurity discourses, featuring prominently in strategic frameworks and policy documents across various sectors.This paper will analyze how resilience has come to play a significant discursive role in the field of national and international security. Тhe analysis strongly suggests that resilience has become the new buzzword of national security. “Resilience” is the necessary ability of a critical entity to prevent, protect, respond, resist, mitigate, secure, adapt, and recover from an incident.This is evidenced by positioning resilience as a core concept in many key strategic documents. In line with its broad applicability, the term has dominated security discourse on the strategic level.The paper argues for a more integrated and operationalized understanding of resilience—one that aligns institutional preparedness, community empowerment, and trategic foresight in addressing the complex security environment of the 21st century
СОЦИО-КУЛТУРНО НОРМИРАЊЕ НА СЕКСУАЛНОСТА
No full textСо самото наше раѓање нам ни се „припишуваат“ различни идентитети кои се независни од нашите желби, а кои подоцна низ процесот на социјализација ги дообликуваме или се обидуваме „целосно“ да ги отфрлиме. Акцентот во овој труд е ставен врз човековата сексуалност, културата и општеството, односно како културно-општествениот контекст влијае врз оформување на човековата сексуалност. Оттука моите обиди се темелат на идејата дека културата има огромно влијание врз моделирањето на човековата сексуалност. Всушност, целта е да се оспорат неоснованите тврдења кои биле доминантни низ човековата историја дека сексуалната желба (сексуалноста, воопшто) кај човекот се третира како еден вид дадена или генетски предодредена (или дека здраво предодредена желба е само хетеросексуалната желба), а општествените и културните фактори кои го обликуваат сексуалното однесување во различни околности во голема мера се игнорирале. Човечкото сексуално однесување има значење, луѓето ја користат и ја изразуваат својата сексуалност на повеќе начини. За луѓето сексуалната активност е многу повеќе од биологијата. Во согласност со тоа, културата ќе ја сметаме за основна детерминанта во процесот на оформувањето на човековата сексуалност. Во овој контекст се наметнува потребата за поегзактно истражување на улогата на културата во обликувањето на човековата сексуалност и родовата самоидентификација во времето и просторот
THE SOCIO-CULTURAL ASPECTS OF NORMING SEXUALITY
No full textEven with the act of birth, we, as human beings are “assigned” different” identitiesthat differ from our wishes. The same identities that we are assigned at birth continueto be further moulded and shaped through the process of socialization. Even so,sometimes we even discredit or “give up” on those identities entirely. The focal point ofthis thesis is placed upon the human sexuality, culture, and society, and the ways thesocio-cultural context influence the shaping of human sexuality. Hence, my efforts tohirghlight the enormous influence of the culture over the modelling of the human sexuality.In fact, the aim of this academic presentation is to discredit the traditional claims(that do not possess evidence of the claim) that sexual desire, i.e., sexuality as a whole, istreated as a kind of given or genetically predisposed occurrence (also referring to heterosexualityas the sole, healthy sexual desire). In the same notion, I intend to unveil theinfluence of the social and cultural factors in the shaping of the sexual behaviour, whichare rather significant factors that have been greatly ignored throughout history. Thesexual behaviours of people hold certain meanings – people use and express their sexualityin a variety of ways. To people, there is more to sexual activity than just biology. Inthat context, we shall consider culture as the rudimentary determinant in the process ofthe formation of human sexuality. In the light of such occurrences, the need for a moreexact examination of the role of the culture in the shaping of human sexuality arises.Besides impacting the shape of human sexuality, culture is an inevitable influencer ofthe gender self-identification in time and space
СЕМЕЈНИ ЖИВОТНИ ЦИКЛУСИ НА СЕМЕЈСТВО СО ДЕТЕ СО ПОПРЕЧЕНОСТ
No full textСемејните животни циклуси претставуваат фази на развој низ кои поминува едно семејство, обележани со промени во структурата, улогите и одговорностите. Семејствата со дете со попреченост се соочуваат со уникатни предизвици кои можат да ги продолжат, скратат или целосно да ги исклучат одредените фази од овие циклуси. Овој труд ги разгледува специфичните искуства на овие семејства, почнувајќи од фазата со новороденче до остарено семејство.Во фазата со новороденче, родителите доживуваат интензивни емоции како шок, тага и неизвесност поради дијагнозата на попреченост, соочувајќи се со дополнителни обврски како медицински прегледи и рани интервенции. Ова често води до социјална изолација и оптоварување на брачните односи. Во предучилишната фаза, децата со попреченост покажуваат побавен развој и поголема зависност, што ги продолжува родителските обврски и ја отежнува транзицијата кон училишно образование поради ограничена инклузивност. Во училишната фаза, семејствата се соочуваат со предизвици во изборот на соодветно училиште, административни бариери и потреба од индивидуални образовни планови, додека социјалните бариери дополнително ја комплицираат неговата инклузија. Во адолесцентната фаза, потребата за автономија е отежната, предизвикувајќи емоционални тешкотии. Во лансирачката и фазата на празно гнездо, родителите остануваат во интензивна родителска улога, со анксиозност за иднината на детето и недостиг на поддршка. Системската поддршка, вклучително инклузивното образование и мрежите за поддршка, е клучна за подобрување на квалитетот на живот на овие семејства
Preface
No full textFrom 23-27 June more than 70 scholars from 20 countries from all over the world gathered in Krushevoat the Third World Conference for Religious Dialogue and Cooperation, where we met to discussthe pressing religious conflicts of this world. Religion is often perceived as a problem. The Conferenceexplored how to make religion a resource for international dialogue and peace. Aware thatwe cannot solve all problems, as scholars we believe that creating spaces of dialogue between andwithin religions offers valuable opportunities for promoting peace. Religion today is often misusedfor political purposes and for supporting wars, while secular ideologies try to exclude religion fromthe public sphere. Persecution and discrimination of religious minorities continue in different partsof the world. Religions are expected to act as a voice for peace, forgiveness, coexistence, tolerance,and understanding. The essence of religion is to celebrate the creation of the world, not its destruction.However, religions have produced a divided society, with divided identities, divided education,divided loyalties, divided worldviews, which may and often does lead to polarization and conflicts.Instead, religions can promote values that bind and unite, inspire flourishing interreligious relations
THE KINGDOM OF HEAVEN OR THE KINGDOM ON EARTH – RELIGION AND THE PROCESS OF GLOBALIZATION
No full textThis paper explores the phenomena arising from the complex interplay and multifacetedrelationships between religion and the process of globalization. In comparative - descriptivemanner we examines the mutual impact and relational dynamics between religion and globalization,analyzing the accompanying societal challenges: syncretism, secularization, homogenization,“world religion”, versus the genuine freedom of being, the spiritual aspiration toward Truth,and the authentic values that foster mutual human recognition of diversity, love, and cooperation.In doing so, the study offers insight into the position of religion, with the accent on Christian antropologie,within the process of globalization and how contemporary global trends influence thecollective value system, shape traditional practices, form identity, and contribute to the emergenceof current social anomalies and religious doctrines
ANTI-CULT ACCUSATIONS OF POLITICAL SUBVERSION AND SEXUAL ABUSE: TWO CASE STUDIES
No full textThis paper explores two facets of anti-cult criticism of groups labeled subversive or deviant in Chinaand the West. The methodology is based on an examination of available scholarly literature,media reports, and court decisions analyzed through theories of social control. The first case studyconcerns labeling as xie jiao and banning Qigong-based movements in China. The second discussesaccusations of sexual abuse targeting religious and esoteric groups in various Western countries
Flexible enough? Retirement pathways and their outcomes in Lithuania
No full textThis paper examines institutionally defined flexible retirement pathways and their outcomes in Lithuania - an EU member state with one of the highest employment rates among the older adults. The focus is on the main statutory old-age pension scheme. In Lithuania, the most widely used flexibility mechanism is the full combination of work and pension benefits beyond the pensionable age. Combined with relatively low life expectancy, it leaves the pathway of pension deferral as largely irrelevant despite of relatively generous conditions. Early retirement is rare due to restrictive rules and financial disincentives, except for periods of economic downturn. The high employment rates among older adults and the increasing duration of working life appear to be driven less by pension flexibility and more by structural factors such as low pension replacement rates, elevated old-age poverty, evolving labour market dynamics, and increases in the statutory pensionable age. As demographic pressures intensify, particularly in the context of a rapidly ageing Lithuanian population, additional forms of pension flexibility - such as differentiated or flexible pensionable age, or partial pensions - may gain political relevance. A key policy challenge for Lithuania lies in fostering later-life employment by mitigating negative financial, health- and care-related, as well as age-discrimination barriers, while promoting positive drivers including favourable working conditions, labour market adaptability and possibilities for choosing a variety of flexible retirement pathways