Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran
Not a member yet
875 research outputs found
Sort by
A “Ticking Bomb” Named FSO Safer: Environmental Impact and State Responsibility under the View of International Law of the Sea
Get PDFOil spill is known as one of many common environmental disasters. Many oil spill disasters have cost countries and companies around the world huge amount of losses, and most importantly severe environmental damage which is not recoverable. Currently, one of Yemeni ships named FSO Safer is trapped and stranded around 5 miles from the outer coast of Yemen. The ship is carrying around 1 million barrels of crude oil in its storage, unfortunately the ship is currently in a poor condition and unstable, which may cause the largest super tanker oil spill disaster in the history, even worse than the Exxon Valdez disaster. Countries around the world including UN Members are looking for an immediate alternative to mitigate the disaster, as the Yemeni Government is currently in an armed conflict with the Houthi and have a very limited resource. This paper will analyze, which country will be affected by this imminent peril, who shall be responsible for the disaster and whether an exceptional circumstance that surrounds Yemen Government may discharge them for their responsibility as a state. This paper found that, this imminent disaster, will affect most of the countries located in the area of Red Sea, and the responsibility to deal with this imminent disaster are attached to all the affected countries under the UNCLOS 1982, including Yemen without any exception. An international movement initiated by the UN and Yemen Government itself must act immediately to prevent the disaster
PENJUALAN SERTIFIKAT VAKSIN COVID-19 OLEH PENGGUNA FACEBOOK BERDASARKAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN TERKAIT
Get PDFABSTRAKFacebook merupakan salah satu media sosial yang paling diminati di Indonesia dapat disalahgunakan untuk melakukan tindakan yang bertentangan dengan hukum seperti penjualan sertifikat vaksin Covid-19 karena sertifikat vaksin Covid-19 yang dijual tersebut bukan merupakan data otentik karena merupakan Dokumen Elektronik yang telah dimanipulasi. Artikel ini mengkaji mengenai dasar hukum dari pelanggaran penjualan sertifikat vaksin Covid-19 oleh pengguna Facebook dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE) dan peraturan pelaksananya serta tindakan hukum yang dapat dilakukan oleh pelaku. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini yaitu menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, yaitu bertujuan untuk melakukan harmonisasi terhadap ketentuan hukum yang berlaku pada perlindungan hukum terhadap norma dan peraturan hukum lainnya yang berkaitan dengan pengamalan peraturan hukum di lapangan. Sehingga penjualan sertifikat vaksin Covid-19 merupakan perbuatan yang dilarang menurut Pasal 35 UU ITE dan Facebook sebagai PSE dibebaskan dari tanggung jawab hukum karena Facebook merupakan PSE berbasis User Generated Content sehingga dapat menggunakan prinsip safe harbor dan Facebook hanya bertanggung jawab terkait dengan teknis administrasi saja. Pengguna Facebook dapat digugat secara perdata berdasarkan Pasal 38 maupun dituntut secara pidana berdasarkan Pasal 51 ayat (1) UU ITEKata kunci: facebook; penyelenggara sistem elektronik; sertifikat vaksin covid-19
ABSTRACT Facebook, which is one of the most popular social media in Indonesia, can be misused to take actions that are against the law such as the sale of Covid-19 vaccine certificates because the Covid-19 vaccine certificates sold are not authentic data because they are manipulated Electronic Documents. This article examines the legal basis of the violation of the sale of Covid-19 vaccine certificates by Facebook users in Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (UU ITE) and its implementing regulations and legal actions. what the perpetrator can do. The research method used in this article is using the normative juridical method, which aims to harmonize the legal provisions that apply to legal protection of norms and other legal regulations relating to the practice of legal regulations in the field. So that the sale of Covid-19 vaccine certificates is an act that is prohibited according to Article 35 of the ITE Law and Facebook as a PSE is freed from legal responsibility because Facebook is a User Generated Content-based PSE so it can use the safe harbor principle and Facebook is only responsible for technical administration. Facebook users can be sued civilly under Article 38 or criminally prosecuted under Article 51 paragraph (1) of the ITE LawKeywords: covid-19 vaccine; electronic system operator; faceboo
PROBLEMATIKA YURIDIS DAN PRINSIP PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM DALAM PELAYANAN KESEHATAN JARAK JAUH MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI
Get PDFABSTRAKKemajuan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi telah mencapai pada tahap bidang kesehatan dimana tidak hanya dalam implementasi Sistem Informasi Kesehatan (SIK), tetapi juga dalam penyediaan layanan kesehatan. Sistem teknologi informasi yang terintegrasi dalam bidang kesehatan atau e-health dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan medis agar penerima dan pemberi pelayanan kesehatan semakin mudah dalam memberikan suatu pelayanan kesehatan. Pemberian pelayanan kesehatan pun telah mengalami perubahan signifikan yang cepat selama pandemi COVID-19 dan dalam rangka menekan penyebaran COVID-19 untuk tetap melaksanakan pemberian pelayanan kepada masyarakat maka pemberian kesehatan jarak jauh dengan menggunakan TIK atau disebut Telemedicine semakin berkembang di Indonesia. Perkembangan tersebut memicu munculnya layanan kesehatan berbasis digital atau platform e-Health tanpa adanya suatu validasi, kewenangan khusus serta regulasi yang cukup. Secara prinsip platform layanan kesehatan tersebut serupa dengan Telemedicine karena memberikan pelayanan kesehatan secara jarak jauh, namun apabila mengacu definisi operasional Telemedicine dalam perundang-undangan jelas kedua layanan ini berbeda pada mekanisme pelaksanaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sejauh mana pengaturan Telemedicine di Indonesia dan bagaimana prinsip perlindungan hukum bagi penerima pelayanan kesehatan dan tenaga kesehatan dalam pelaksanaan Telemedicine. Menggunakan metode penelitian dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif, bahwa sejatinya perlindungan hukum terhadap penyelenggaraan Telemedicine itu sendiri merupakan amanat dari Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 Pasal 1 ayat (3) yang dinyatakan bahwa setiap orang berhak atas pengakuan, jaminan, perlindungan, kepastian hukum dan perlakuan yang sama di depan hukum secara adil.Kata kunci: perlindungan hukum; telemedicine; COVID-19; e-health.
ABSTRACTInformation and Communication Technology has made progress at the health stage which is not only in the implementation of the Health Information System (SIK), but also in the provision of health services. An integrated information technology system in the health sector or e-health is used to improve the quality of medical services so that it is easier for recipients and health service providers to provide health services. The provision of health services has also undergone significant rapid changes during the COVID-19 pandemic and in order to suppress the spread of COVID-19 to continue to provide services to the community, providing remote services using ICT or called Telemedicine is growing in Indonesia. These developments trigger the emergence of digital-based health services or e-Health platforms without any validation, special authority and adequate regulations. In general, the health service platform is similar to Telemedicine because it provides health services remotely, but referring to the operational definition of Telemedicine in the law, these two services differ in the implementation mechanism. This study aims to analyze the extent of the regulation of Telemedicine in Indonesia and the principles of legal protection for recipients of health services and health workers in implementing Telemedicine. Using a research method with a normative juridical approach, that in fact legal protection for the implementation of Telemedicine itself is a mandate from the 1945 Constitution Article 1 paragraph (3) which states that everyone has the right to recognition, guarantee, protection, law and equal treatment in Indonesia before the law fairly.Keywords: protection law; telemedicine; COVID-19; e-health
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP HAK CIPTA BIDANG LAGU DAN/ATAU MUSIK BERDASARKAN PP NOMOR 56 TAHUN 2021 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN ROYALTI HAK CIPTA LAGU DAN/ATAU MUSIK
Get PDFAbstrak
Royalti bertujuan untuk memberikan perlindungan dan kepastian kepada pencipta dan pemilik hak terkait atas ciptaan yang dipergunakan untuk memperoleh keuntungan. Prosedur penarikan, penghimpunan, dan pendistribusian royalti dikenakan kepada suatu karya lagu dan/atau musik yang digunakan secara komersial sebagaimana telah diatur dalam PP No. 56 Tahun 2021 tentang Pengelolaan Royalti Hak Cipta Lagu dan/atau Musik. Besaran pengenaan royalti pada tiap – tiap layanan publik yang bersifat komersial diatur dalam SK Kemenkumham Nomor: HKI.2.OT.03.01-02 Tahun 2016. Pengelolaan royalti tersebut dilakukan oleh Lembaga Manajemen Kolektif Nasional (LMKN) dibantu Lembaga Manajemen Kolektif (LMK) berdasarkan data yang terintegrasi pada pusat data lagu dan/atau musik bertajuk SILM (Sistem Informasi Lagu dan/atau Musik). Penelitian ini mengkaji prosedur pengelolaan royalti dan pihak-pihak yang terlibat didalamnya menggunakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan data sekunder meliputi bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hadirnya PP Nomor 56 Tahun 2021 tentang Pengelolaan Royalti Hak Cipta Lagu dan/atau Musik berdampak besar terhadap perlindungan hak cipta dari pencipta dan pemilik hak terkait walaupun diperlukan ketentuan dan mekanisme yang lebih jelas dan spesifik dalam melindungi objek pengenaan royalti. Adapun sistem pengelolaan royalti yang penulis arahkan untuk dibangun ialah sistem berbasis online.
Kata Kunci : Lagu dan/atau Musik, LMKN, Royalti, Pusat Data Lagu dan/atau musik, SILM
Abstract
Royalties aim to provide protection and certainty to creators and owners of copyrights over works that are used for profit. The procedure for withdrawing, collecting and distributing royalties is imposed on a song and/or music that is used commercially as regulated in Government Regulation No. 56 of 2021 concerning Management of Song and/or Music Copyright Royalties. The amount of royalty imposed on each commercially public service is regulated in the Ministry of Law and Human Rights Decree Number: HKI.2.OT.03.01-02 Year 2016. The management of royalties is carried out by the National Collective Management Institute (LMKN) assisted by the Collective Management Institute (LMK). Based on integrated data in the song and/or music data center entitled SILM (Song and/or Music Information System). This study examines the royalty management procedure and the parties involved in it using normative juridical research with secondary data including primary and secondary legal materials. The results of this study indicate that the presence of PP No. 56 of 2021 concerning Management of Song and/or Music Copyright Royalties has a major impact on copyright protection of the creators and related rights owners, although a clearer and more specific provisions and mechanisms are needed to protect the object of imposition of royalties. The royalty management system that the author directs to build is and online-based system.
Keywords: Song and/or Music, National Collective Management Institute, Royalties, Song and/or Music Data Center, SILM 
ENSURING ACCOUNTABILITY FOR THE JUNTA CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY VIOLATION IN MYANMAR: USAGE OF THE ROME STATUTE AND POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT OF THE UNSC VIA UNSCR REFERRAL
Get PDFThe objective of this journal article is to analyze as well as understand the scope of crimes that has been done by the recent Myanmar Juntas, specifically the crimes against humanity. It analyzes the determination of the crime based on the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court as well as the possible applicability's-applicability applicability’ towards the ICC. The article will analyze the Junta action of using the basis of unfair election to enact crimes against humanity and the mechanism to bring the Juntas towards the ICC, either by UNSC Referral or the ICC investigation. In addition, the writer has also used several basis as a way to deem the current Junta government as illegitimate as well as the need to enact the UNSC referral
Assessing the Potential Effectiveness of the ASEAN-China Code of Conduct on the South China Sea in Constraining Chinese Aggressive Actions
Get PDFThis article assesses the potential of the Code of Conduct in the South China Sea in constraining Chinese aggressive actions and maintaining the peaceful order of conduct of claimants and countries bordering the highly-disputed South China Sea. Given the recent Chinese aggressive military and pseudo-military moves in the South China Sea to enforce its arguable illegal nine-dash line claim in the South China Sea, there are hopes that the Code of Conduct agreement between China and ASEAN states will provide a legal protection and guideline in the dispute management in the South China Sea. In spite of this aspiration, a closer inspection of the Code of Conduct reveals that one should not have a high degree of confidence in the potential of the Code of Conduct in managing and regulating the conduct of parties in the South China Sea. Seen through the lens of realism, especially given the anarchic nature of the international arena and the unclear type of international law that the Code of Conduct will assume, this article argues that countries, Indonesia especially, should not have a high degree of expectation that the Code of Conduct will act as some sort of legal power that could restrain China from utilizing military and pseudo-military power in enforcing its claim in the South China Sea
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen dalam Melakukan Review Suatu Produk di Media Sosial Dari Delik Pencemaran Nama Baik
Get PDFAbstrak
Kemajuan teknologi mendorong adanya kemudahan akses bagi masyarakat atas suatu informasi di media sosial. Dewasa ini konsumen dapat dengan mudah melakukan review atas suatu produk di media sosial sebagai perwujudan dari hak konsumen yang dilindungi olehh Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 dan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Walaupun konsumen memiliki hak, disatu sisi konsumen tetap memiliki batasan-batasan dalam melakukan review produk di media sosial, hal ini berkenaan dengan perlindungan hukum dan kesetaraan antara konsumen dengan pelaku usaha. Batasan yang wajib dipatuhi oleh konsumen merupakan sebagai bentuk pencegahan bagi konsumen agar terhindar dari delik pencemaran nama baik yang diatur dalam Pasal 27 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik.
Kata Kunci : Konsumen, Pelaku Usaha, Perlindungan Hukum, Review, Pencemaran Nama Baik.
Abstract
Advances in technology encourage easy acces for the public to information on social media. Nowadays, Consumers can easily review a product on social media as a manifestation of consumer rights protected by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. Even though consumers have rights, on the other hand consumers still have limitations in conducting product reviews on social media, this is related to legal protection and equality between consumers and business owners. Limits that must be obeyed by consumers to avoid the crime of defamation as regulated in Article 27 paragraph (3) of Law No. 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions.
Keywords: Business Owners, Consumer, Defamation, Legal Protection, Review.
 
HAK ASASI LINGKUNGAN VERSUS HAK ATAS PEMBANGUNAN SEBAGAI HAM: ANTARA KONFLIK DAN KESEIMBANGAN
Get PDFABSTRAKKegiatan pembangunan yang semata-mata hanya berorientasi pada pertumbuhan mengakibatkan hilangnya hak asasi atas lingkungan hidup dan terjadinya pelanggaran hak asasi manusia. Walaupun sudah dijamin dalam peraturan perundang-undangan, jaminan atas hak asasi lingkungan hidup masih beum dapat terpenuhi secara sempurna, bahkan dapat dikatakan masih sekadar wacana. Hak atas pembangunan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan keadaan kehidupan umat manusia. Di sisi lain, hak asasi lingkungan bertujuan untuk pelestarian dan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam. Secara teoritis, kedua hak tersebut saling bertolak belakang, namun keduanya dapat diharmonisasikan dengan menggunakan konsep pembangunan berkelnjutan yang mengombinasikan implmentasi aktivitas pembangunan dan perlindungan lingkungan hidup dengan mewajibkan pemerintah dan para pemegang kepentingan selalu mempertimbangkan kelestarian lingkungan alam dalam setiap proses pembangunan. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini berfokus pada dua permasalahan hukum: bagaimana hubungan antara hak asasi lingkungan dan hak atas pembangunan serta bagaimana praktik keduanya di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tentang paradigma konflik hak asasi lingkungan versus hak atas pembangunan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masih terdapat kegiatan-kegiatan yang dapat merusak lingkungan dalam proses pembangunan Indonesia salah satunya dalam kegiatan pembangunan ibu kota negara baru di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur.Kata kunci: hak atas lingkungan; hak atas pembangunan; hukum lingkungan.
ABSTRACT Development activities that are solely oriented toward growth results in the loss of human rights to the environment and the occurrence of human rights violations. Even though it has been guaranteed in international conventions and constitutions, the guarantee for environmental human rights has not been fully fulfilled, it can even be said that it is still just a discourse. The right to development is aimed at improving the quality of life and living conditions. On the other hand, the environmental right has as its purpose the conservation and prudent utilization of natural resources. Theoretically, the two rights are at loggerheads. However, these rights can be harmonized by the concept of sustainable development. Sustainable development harmonizes the implementation of developmental activities and environmental protection, by compelling government authorities and the stakeholders to consider environmental preservation when implementing development projects. Thus, this paper focuses on two law problems: how are relations between environmental rights and the right to development, and its practices in Indonesia. The main purpose of this research is to analyze the paradigm of conflict between environmental rights and the right to development. This research shows that there were development activities that could damage the environment in Indonesia, one of that is the relocation of the nation’s capital to East Kalimantan Province. Keywords: environmental law; environmental rights; rights to developmen
PERJANJIAN PENGIKATAN JUAL BELI SEBAGAI DASAR PERALIHAN HAK ATAS TANAH: TELAAH YURIDIS TERHADAP PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR 3500 K/PDT/2018
Get PDFABSTRAK
Private property atau kepemilikan pribadi atas sumber daya alam, salah satunya yakni berinvestasi dalam jual beli tanah. Pada praktiknya sering terjadi sengketa mengenai subjek dan objek jual beli tanah serta tata cara jual beli tanah, seperti pada putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 3500 K/PDT/2018, yang mana terjadi sengketa dua bidang tanah seluas 3.055 Ha antara ahli waris keluarga Sunarti (Tergugat) dan ahli waris keluarga Ichwanuddin Bin Dahlan (Penggugat), yang mana Penggugat mengajukan gugatan ke Pengadilan Negeri Kendal menyatakan menolak provisi Para Penggugat dan mengabulkan gugatan Para Penggugat untuk sebagian. Para Tergugat mengalami kekalahan atas putusan Pengadilan Negeri Kendal dan Pengadilan Tinggi Semarang, akhirnya mengajukan permohonan kasasi ke Mahkamah Agung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode yuridis normatif yang dilakukan dengan cara meneliti bahan pustaka atau bahan sekunder belaka. Penelitian termasuk penelitian normatif dengan spesifikasi penelitian bersifat deskriptif analitis yang menjelaskan gambaran analisis kasus sengketa tanah milik Muarif Bin Ngarip dan selanjutnya dianalisis secara yuridis kualiatif.Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan pertimbangan hakim dalam putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 3500 K/PDT/2018 bahwa akta pengikatan jual beli tanah dianggap sebagai akta jual beli tanah berdasarkan UUPA dan KUHPerdata adalah tidak tepat. Hal ini melanggar Pasal 1869 dan Pasal 1871 KUHPerdata karena tidak terdapatnya Akta Jual Beli Nomor 52 tanggal 28 Maret 1999 dan Akta Jual Beli Nomor 53 tanggal 28 Maret 1991 yang mana ketidaksesuaian antara judul dan isi akta. Menurut Pasal 19 UUPA, objek yang disengketakan bukan milik dari Para Termohon Kasasi/Para Penggugat, yang mengakibatkan dinyatakan batal demi hukum. Pertimbangan hukum dalam putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 3500 K/PDT/2018 berkaitan dengan legal standing (kedudukan hukum) para pihak adalah keliru. Berdasarkan pembuktian dan alat bukti a quo. Pihak Penggugat terbukti belum berstatus sebagai pemilik hak atas tanah dan tidak memiliki legal standing untuk mengajukan gugatan ke pengadilan.
Kata kunci: hukum tanah; pengadilan; putusan hakim; sengketa tanah.
ABSTRACT Private property or private ownership of natural resources, such as investing in the practice of buying and selling land. In the practice of buying and selling land there are often disputes both regarding the subject and object of buying and selling land, and about the procedure for buying and selling land as in the Supreme Court decision No. 3500 K / PDT / 2018, where there is a dispute of two plots of land covering an area of 3,055 Ha between the heirs of the Sunarti family (Defendant) and the heirs of the Ichwanuddin Bin Dahlan family (Plaintiff), which the Plaintiff filed a lawsuit with the Kendal District Court stating that it rejected the Plaintiffs' provision and granted the Plaintiffs' lawsuit for Part. The Defendants who suffered defeat to the ruling of the Kendal District Court and the Semarang High Court, finally submitted the reason for the cassation application to the Supreme Court. This research uses normative juridical method approaches that are carried out by researching library materials or mere secondary materials. This research includes normative research with analytical descriptive research specifications that explain the picture of land dispute case analysis belonging to Muarif Bin Ngarip.From the results of the research, it was concluded that the judge's consideration in the Supreme Court's decision Number 3500 K/PDT/2018 that the Binding Deed of Sale and Purchase of Land is considered a Deed of Sale and Purchase of Land based on the Basic Agrarian Law and the Civil Code is incorrect. This violates Article 1869 and Article 1871 of the Civil Code because there is no Deed of Sale and Purchase Number 52 dated March 28, 1999 and Deed of Sale and Purchase Number 53 dated March 28, 1991 which are incompatible between the title and content of the deed. According to the Article 19 Basic Agrarian Law, the object in dispute does not belong to the Cassation Respondents/Plaintiffs, which results in being declared null and void. The legal considerations in the Supreme Court's decision Number 3500 K/PDT/2018 regarding the legal standing of the parties are wrong. Based on the evidence and the a quo evidence. It is proven that the Plaintiff does not have the status as the owner of land rights and does not have the legal standing to file a lawsuit in court.Keywords: law of the land; court; judge’s decision; land disputes
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA SISTEM PEMBAYARAN CASH ON DELIVERY (COD) PADA MEDIA E-COMMERCE
Get PDFABSTRAK
Internet (interconnection network) sebagai media informasi dan komunikasi dapat dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai kegiatan terutama dalam perdagangan yakni electronic commerce (E-Commerce). Salah satu sistem pembayarannya ialah Cash on delivery COD yang dilakukan secara langsung di tempat setelah pesanan dari kurir diterima oleh pembeli. Penerapan COD menimbulkan permasalahan dan kerugian bagi pembeli karena barang tidak sesuai dan mitra (kurir) menjadi pihak yang disalahkan atas tidak sesuainya gambar yang dideskripsikan pada situs E-Commerce seperti ukuran, warna, dan produk. Untuk menjawab isu hukum tersebut digunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statue approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Terdapat hak dan kewajiban penjual dan pembeli yang diatur dalam Pasal 612 KUH Perdata dan 1419 KUHPerdata. Penyelesaian yang dapat dilakukan yakni berdasarkan UU ITE dan/atau PP PSTE. Pasal 49 ayat (1) pada PP PSTE menjelaskan pelaku usaha yang menawarkan produk melalui sistem elektronik wajib menyediakan informasi yang lengkap dan benar. Jika barang yang diterima tidak sesuai dengan yang diperjanjikan, maka memenuhi unsur wanprestasi sebagaimana diatur di dalam Pasal 1243 KUHPerdata sehingga pelaku usaha wajib untuk mengganti biaya, ganti rugi dan/atau bunga kepada konsumen, serta penyelesaian sengketa dapat dilakukan baik melalui litigasi dan non-litigasi. Kata kunci: cash on delivery; e-commerce; kontrak; pertanggungjawaban.
ABSTRACT
Internet (interconnection network) as a medium of information and communication can be used for various activities, especially in trade, namely electronic commerce (E-Commerce). One of the payment systems is Cash on delivery COD which is carried out directly on the spot after the order from the courier is received by the buyer. The application of COD causes problems and losses for buyers because the goods do not match and the partner (courier) becomes the party to blame for the inappropriateness of the images described on the E-Commerce site such as size, color, and product. To answer these legal issues, a statutory approach (status approach) and a conceptual approach (conceptual approach) are used. There are rights and obligations of sellers and buyers as regulated in Article 612 of the Civil Code and 1419 of the Civil Code. The settlement that can be done is based on the ITE Law and/or PSTE Government Regulation. Article 49 paragraph (1) of PP PSTE explains that business actors who offer products through an electronic system are required to provide complete and correct information. If the goods received are not in accordance with the agreement, then it fulfills the element of default as regulated in Article 1243 of the Civil Code so that business actors are obliged to reimburse costs, compensation and/or interest to consumers, and for the dispute resolution, the party shall conducted in litigation and/or non-litigation. Keywords: accountability; cash on delivery; contract; e-commerce