Publikasi Online Fakultas Biologi UNSOED (Universitas Jenderal Soedirman)
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Seleksi In Vitro Embrio Somatik Kacang Tanah pada Medium dengan Polietilen Glikol untuk Simulasi Kondisi Cekaman Kekeringan
Get PDFThis study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of in vitro selection for identifying PEG insensitive somaclonal variant of peanut somatic embryos (SE). In one of the experiments, evaluation on responses of four peanut cultivars against selective medium containing polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) was conducted and sub-lethal concentration of PEG was determined. In the other experiment, in vitro selection on selective medium containing sub-lethal level of PEG was conducted to identify PEG insensitive SE of peanut. Secondary SE of peanut cv. Badak, Kelinci, Singa, and Zebra were cultured on liquid MS medium supplemented with 16 µM of picloram and 5%, 10%, 15%, or 20% of PEG 6000. Survival of explant, average number of proliferated SE/explant, and total number of proliferated SE after in vitro selection were recorded monthly, up to three months. Sub-lethal level of PEG was defined as one inhibiting more than 95% of the total number of proliferated SE. In vitro selection on medium supplemented with sub-lethal level of PEG 6000 was conducted on at least 4000-5000 SE of peanut cv. Kelinci and Singa. The PEG insensitive SE was identified after subsequent three months of in vitro selection. The results showed that supplementation of PEG 6000 on medium for induction of SE inhibited proliferation of peanut SE. Sub-lethal level was obtained at 15% concentration of PEG 6000. The frequencies of obtaining PEG insensitive SE of peanut cv. Kelinci was 8% to 10% and for peanut cv. Singa was 10% to 12%. The R0 plants of peanut cv. Kelinci (62 R0 plants) and Singa (48 R0 plants) regenerated from PEG insensitive SE were obtained and grown in the glasshouse to produce R1 and R2 seeds
Kandungan Bahan Aktif Fomesafen dalam Biji Kedelai dan Kacang Hijau dari Tanaman yang Ditumbuhkan pada Tanah Bekas Paparan Reflex
Get PDFA research has been conducted to understand the responses of soybean and mungbean to the persistence of Reflex residuals in soils referring to its active substance contents, i.e. fomesafen, in the plants grown in Reflex-exposed soils. The study was carried out experimentally in glass house from June to November 2003 employing Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatments arranged factorial. Two factors were used, the first of which was plant species (soybean and mungbean) while the second was Reflex concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 ppm). Each treatment combination was replicated three times. The parameters examined comprised of fomesafen contents in the seeds, number of seeds per pod, weight of 100 seeds, and weight of total seeds. To measure fomesafen contents in the seeds, Gas Liquid Chromatograph with ECD detector and column containing 10% OV-101 chromosorb WHF 80/100 mesh of 2m lengths and 3 mm diameter was applied. Fomesafen residuals in the soils of 5 month persistence had no harmful effect on both soybean and mungbean plants. As well, they had no significant effect on the production variables of both plants. Soybean seeds planted in the 5-month Reflex-exposed soils still contained fomesafen while the corresponding mungbean seeds did not
Aktivitas Harian Monyet Hitam Sulawesi (Macaca nigra) di Cagar Alam Tangkoko-Batuangus, Sulawesi Utara
Get PDFThis study was conducted on Rambo II Group at Tangkoko-Batuangus Natural Preservation, North Sulawesi, from January to February 2004. Data were collected using scan sampling with two minute interval. The results showed that the daily activities of the monkey group consisted of feeding and foraging (34.55%), moving (18.70%), resting (28.65%), and social behaviour (18.10%). It could be concluded that there was no difference between the daily activities of Rambo II Group and those of Rambo Group, the original group before being fragmented into Rambo I and Rambo II Groups
Produksi Efipium Dafnia (Daphnia carinata King) dengan Pengaturan Fotoperiode dan Kepadatan Kultur
Get PDFDaphnia carinata King is a planktonic crustacean commonly used as natural food for freshwater fish. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different culture densities of daphnids and photoperiod on the ephippia production. Daphnids of different densities, i.e. 15, 20, and 25 individuals per 20 ml water media were cultured in small bottles. The bottles were placed in a refrigerator and treated with two different photoperiods, i.e. 10.5 light hours : 13.5 dark hours (10.5:13.5) and 4 light hours : 20 dark hours (4:20). All refrigerators were set at 12° C. The experiment was arranged in a Complete Randomized Design with factorial treatments (3x2) replicated six times. The ephippia were colleted from every bottle for 45 days. The results showed that the photoperiod of 10.5: 13.5 and daphnid densities of 25 individuals per 20 ml produced most ephippia (12.1). Different culture density within the same photoperiod had no significant effect on ephippia production
Beberapa Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kontaminasi Mikroorganisme pada Jamu Gendong Di Kota Semarang
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to know some factors related to microbial contamination in herbal medicine products at Semarang City. This study was conducted by descriptive method employing cross sectional design in which samples were taken by purposive random sampling. The results showed that Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified. The number of fungi exceeded the standard indicating that 62.5% of the herbal medicines surveyed did not meet the required standard of Kepmenkes no. 661/Menkes/SK/VII/1994. The relationship between the quality of herbal row material, processing, and serving to the microbial contamination in herbal medicine products was observed
Pengaruh Alkalinitas terhadap kelangsungan Hidup dan Pertumbuhan Ikan Lalawak (Barbodes sp.)
Get PDFThis experiment was conducted to determine the effect of alkalinity on the survival rate and daily growth rate of Barbodes sp. The fish were reared in 12 aquariums with four different levels of alkalinity, i.e. 48, 78, 108 and 138 ppm. Each aquarium was filled with 10 fish of 12.25 to 12.64 gram in average body weight. The treatments were applied for 75 days. During the experiment, the fish were given commercial diet (pellet) of 5% rate of biomass weight at the frequency of three times a day. The results showed that the survival rate for all treatments was 100%, and the alkalinity suited for daily growth rate of fish lalawak was 78 ppm of CaCO3
Perubahan Struktur Mikroanatomi Intestinum dan Hepar Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio) karena Pemberian Logam Berat Zn
Get PDFHeavy metal Zn comes into waters from paint and textile factories that have not adequately treated their waste. Small amount of Zn is necessary for metabolic activity of aquatic organisms, but it may cause toxicity when presents in abundance. This study was conducted to know differences between Zn effects on microanatomy structures of intestine and those on liver of Cyprinus carpio. The treatments arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisted of 0 ppm (control), 2 ppm, 4 ppm, and 6 ppm of Zn, which were applied respectively for 96 hours and replicated five times. The observed parameters were height of columnar epithellial cells of intestine and hepatocyte diameter. Data were analysed with F test followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD). The results showed that there was significant difference among treatments indicating that Zn affected microanatomy structures of intestine and liver of the fish. Increase in height of columnar epithellial cells of intestine was recorded to begin at level of 4 ppm, while that in hepatocyte diameter was found to begin at level of 6 ppm
Identifikasi Senyawa Alkaloid dari Akar Piper sarmentosum Roxb. Ex Hunter dan Uji Aktivitasnya terhadap Jamur Candida albicans
Get PDFPiper sarmentosum Roxb. Ex Hunter or “Sirih duduk” has long been used for traditional medicine to cure various diseases, such as fungus infections. The investigation of the bioactive compounds of P. sarmentosum roots has not been carried out. This research was aimed to isolate the bioactive compounds from P. sarmentosum roots. The results showed that methanol extracts of P. sarmentosum roots have an activity on Candida albicans. The separation a bioactive compounds from methanol extracts of P. sarmentosum roots was performed by column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and recrystalizations. The identifications of the bioactive compounds were carried out using ultra violet spectrometry, infrared spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. The results indicated that from methanol extracts, an alkaloid compound of piperoylpyrol derivative was 5-hydroxy-5- (3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-pentenoyl pyrol, could be purely isolated. Examination of bioactivity at concentration 0.10-2.50 mg/ml showed that this compound had an activity on C. albicans
Zoea Syndrome (ZS) pada Larva Udang Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Get PDFWhite shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture in Indonesia has been well developed since 1999. Among the problems occurred during the culture period in the hatchery, Zoea Syndrome (ZS) is the most serious. An observation has been done to determine the prevalence and the clinical signs of this syndrome. Nauplii were collected from hatcheries in East Java (3 hatcheries) and Central Java (1 hatchery) and subject to PCR test in order to obtain TSV free nauplii. The results showed that TSV free nauplii could also be infected by ZS, where the prevalence could reach 100%. There was also a possibility that Vibrio sp. was involved in ZS infection
Evaluasi Pertumbuhan Empat Populasi Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) di Kolam Percobaan Cijeruk, Bogor
Get PDFThe objective of the present study was to obtain good populations of Oreochromis niloticus based on their growth performances. Four populations, i.e GIFT-6, Tempe, Local, and GIFT-3 were used in this study. Sixteen 16 cages laid in four earthen ponds in the Cijeruk Research Installation, Bogor, were used as replication. The results showed that there were no significant difference among four populations for biomass, but a significant difference among populations was observed on length parameter (F < 0.01),in which the local population was the best