Publikasi Online Fakultas Biologi UNSOED (Universitas Jenderal Soedirman)
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Peningkatan Kualitas Akuakultur Menggunakan Teknologi Biofilter Mikroalga Imobil
Get PDFImmobilized microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa was applied initially to nutrient and heavy metal removal of wastewater. Immobilized microalgae using alginate was then developed for aquaculture application, such as controlling fish water culture quality to uptake concentration of ammonium, nitrate and to increase oxygen level in water. During immobilization, algal cells maintained their respiratory and photosynthetic activities as that in the normal condition. The objective of this research was to examine the role of immobilized C. pyrenoidosa on controlling water quality by measuring ammonium, nitrate, and dissolved oxygen contents. Five aquariums consisting of 40 litres of water were filled with 20 Nila tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with the average weight of 1.6 to 1.7 g. The immobilized algae cells were packaged in two nillon porous bags (pore size of 2x3 mm in diameter) and each immobilized cell had 4 millimeter in diameter. Each aquarium was added with 3000, 4000, 5000, and 6000 immobilized cells. The treatment had two replications. The results showed that the aquarium filled with 4000 beads of immobilized cells gave the best yield
Pemakaian Sel Hela dalam Uji Sitotoksisitas Fraksi Ethanol Biji Mimba (Azadirachta indica)
Get PDFTraditionally, the neem (Azadirachta indica) seeds have been used as bioinsecticide. It was also used and known for long time as a fungicide and anti bacterial agents. Pre-toxicity experiment using brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method indicated that the ethanol fraction of the neem seeds was toxic to the shrimp larvae with LC50 38.79 μg/ml. This experiment was done to further investigate the possible role of ethanol fraction of neem (A. indica) seeds as an anti cancer agent using HeLa cell lines. Experiment was initiated by extracting the seeds using n-hexane by maceration. The macerate was then macerated further using 70% ethanol as solvent. The ethanol fraction was used in cytotoxicity assay using (cervix cancer) HeLa cell lines. Cytotoxicity assay was done by using direct counting method. The amount of living cells were observed and counted, death percentage was determined and probit analysis used to determine the LC50 value. LC50 value for ethanol fraction from the seeds of neem (A. indica) was 10.95 μg/ml for 24 hours; 7.33 μg/ml for 48 hours and 4.37 μg/ml for 72 hours based on cytotoxicity analysis using HeLa cells. This experiment concluded that the neem (A. indica) seeds have cytotoxicity toward HeLa cell lines which confirmed the previous toxicity experiment using brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method. Overall, this experiment indicated that neem (A. indica) seeds have anticancer activity
Komunitas Biota Hewan Bentik Pada Danau Paparan Banjir Di Kalimantan Timur
Get PDFLake Semayang and Melintang are floodplain lakes of River Mahakam, which are economically important as inland fisheries resources in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan. Benthic community in both lakes are still in rare exposed. Therefore, the aim of this research is to evaluate their community characteristics based on structure, diversity, and distribution pattern. The research was conducted in July 2006 at ten sampling stations of both lakes. Water quality in both lakes in terms of temperature was between 28 and 32oC, while pH, turbidity and conductivity were low, namely 3.74 – 5.39, 0.2 – 7.6 NTU, and 0.011 – 0.034 mS/cm, respectively. Dissolved oxygen was between 0.96 mg/L and 6.35 mg/L, and total organic matters (TOM) was high (26.8 – 57.5 mg/L). Benthic community organism was arranged by mollusks, oligochaete and dipterans, consisting of 15 species with the abundance of 8 – 433 ind/m2. Aulodrilus piquet was the dominant species of oligochaete and Melanoides tuberculata was the dominant species from mollusks. The significant high number of A. piqueti was probably due to its preference on the habitat with the abundance of aquatic plants. Shannon Index Diversity of benthic organism community was low (<1.50), and it seemed to be related to the extreme condition of floodplain area environment. The distribution of benthic organisms did not show homogenous pattern which was also related to floodplain area condition
Syzygium (Myrtaceae) di sepanjang Sungai Welang Taman Wisata Alam Gunung Baung Purwodadi
No full textSyzygium is one of a genus within family Myrtaceae which consists of many potentially useful species. This genus is quite distributed covering most of Indonesian geographical area. This research was aimed to evaluate species richness of Syzygium grows naturally along River Welang, Taman Wisata Alam Mount Baung, and its habitat. This was done by an explorative method along River Welang. Data recorded included geographical position, diameter and height of Syzygium and its morphological characters. A total of 23 individuals were obserbed belonging to four Syzygium species, i.e., S.semarangense, S. javanicum, S. pycnanthum, dan Syzygium sp
Konstruksi Mutan Pseudomonas sp. untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) melalui Mutagenesis dengan Transposon
Get PDFPseudomonas sp. is one of bacterial groups having ability to promote plant growth and health. Of a hundred successfully isolated Pseudomonas sp. from soybean rhyzosphere, 98 were found to produce indole acetic acid (IAA) ranging from 0.33 to 16.02 ppm. These isolates are bacilli, motile, Gram negative, and showing positive oxidase assay. One of them, i.e. Pseudomonas sp. CRB17, can promote plant growth by means of significant stimulation of primary root length and lateral root number. This isolate was then subject to mutagenesis using transposon Mini-Tn5Km1 to increase IAA production. Mutagenesis was done by conjugation between E coli S17-1 (l pir) carrying transposon mini-Tn5Km1 (donor) and Pseudomonas sp. (recipient), resulting in conjugation frequency of approximately 3.1 x 10-5 cell per recipient. The resulted CRB17 mutants were then tested for their ability to produce IAA, one of which showed an increment of IAA production up to 77.5%, while some others showed no significant change or even had a reduction to 55.3%. Sequence analyisis of 16S rRNA gene of Pseudomonas sp. CRB17 indicated that it has a high homology with that of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida (identical value of 99%). The results recommends that mutagenesis using transposon can be applied to increase IAA production, especially in Pseudomonas sp. CRB17
Floristics Composition of Tomong Forest at Sambas, West Kalimantan
Get PDFTomong forest at Sambas regency is a restricted tropical forest along Sambas riverbank area. The forest have been threatened and decreased due to development of oil palm plantation and human settlement. The plant plant diversity and natural ecosystem in this area should be conserved soon. Sambas botanical garden establishment, which is a serious effort to conserve this forest. Plant Inventory has been conducted on July 15-20, 2008, as the first step to prepare establishing the botanic garden. The floristic composition is a basic important data for botanic garden development planning. The result of inventory shows that there were 153 species of 433 individual trees in the plots sampling with total size of 10 ha (3.3% of total area). These species occurred in three-habitat type on the forest area i.e. riparian, freshwater swamp and heat forest. Dipterocarpaceae is the most important family and as an emergent tree in Tomong forest, there were 17 species in 5 genera belongs to this family, with totally 60 individual trees particularly growing on the sites ≥ 50 m asl. Other important families are Leguminosae, Myrtaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Sapotaceae
Status Kerentanan Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) pada Tahun 2006-2007 terhadap Malation di Bandung, Jakarta, Surabaya, Palembang dan Palu
Get PDFStudies on the susceptibility of Aedes aegypti collected in 2006-2007 from five cities in Indonesia, i.e. Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya, Palembang and Palu were tested by using the WHO standard test to determine their susceptibility status to Malathion. The results showed that despite the fact that Malathion has been used for >32 years, in general Ae. aegypti from all study sites, except from Palembang, were still susceptible to Malathion. This paper offers some possible factors that might have involved in delaying the onset of resistance to Malathion
Pendugaan Populasi Harimau Sumatra dan Satwa Mangsanya di Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan
Get PDFBukit Barisan Selatan National Parks has been given a named by World Heritage Committee as The Tropical Rain Forest of Sumatra (The World Heritage site) in July 2004 in Shozou China. However, many of Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park’s forest have already been wrecked by irresponsible people. Illegal logging is a big problem in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Parks. Indonesian’s forests are home to megabiodiversity in the world, but deforestation has caused a lengthening list of the inhabitant species to be classified as endangered. For example, the Sumatran tiger has a category to be an appendix I species by Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES).The decline of a species is very often a strong indicator of degradation in the local habitat, which can also negatively impact the biodiversity of that area. Perhaps the greatest threat to the survival of the tiger is destruction of its habitat. With the expansion of human populations, the logging of forests, the elimination of natural prey, and the spread of agriculture, there is continuation of destruction toward Sumatran tiger population. Monitoring the Sumatran tiger and its prey using camera trap can provide a data base on the continuity of the Sumatran tiger population management.Bukit Barisan Selatan National Parks has been given a named by World Heritage Committee as The Tropical Rain Forest of Sumatra (The World Heritage site) in July 2004 in Shozou China. However, many of Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park’s forest have already been wrecked by irresponsible people. Illegal logging is a big problem in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Parks. Indonesian’s forests are home to megabiodiversity in the world, but deforestation has caused a lengthening list of the inhabitant species to be classified as endangered. For example, the Sumatran tiger has a category to be an appendix I species by Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES).The decline of a species is very often a strong indicator of degradation in the local habitat, which can also negatively impact the biodiversity of that area. Perhaps the greatest threat to the survival of the tiger is destruction of its habitat. With the expansion of human populations, the logging of forests, the elimination of natural prey, and the spread of agriculture, there is continuation of destruction toward Sumatran tiger population. Monitoring the Sumatran tiger and its prey using camera trap can provide a data base on the continuity of the Sumatran tiger population management
The Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Dosages on Anatomical Characters of Ipomoea batatas L. Leaf
No full textThe research was conducted in order to understand the effects of various nitrogen dosages on the anatomical characters of Ipomoea batatas leaf, and to find out the most influential dosage on the number and size of leaf anatomical characters. The characters observed consisted of thickness of cuticle, leaf, and palisade, as well as stoma size, and their density within mm2 of leaf surface. The method applied was experiments arranged in Completely Randomized Design. The results showed that all levels of nitrogen dosage affected the anatomical characters of sweet potato leaf while the most influential dosage was 200 kg urea per ha
Pengaruh Pemberian Sitokinin Terhadap Pertumbuhan Palea dan Lemma Padi Melaui Kultur In Vitro
Get PDFA research has been carried out with the aims to: 1. study the influence of both the kind and concentration of cytokinins on palea and lemma growth in in vitro culture; 2. study the influence of palea and lemma age towards external application of cytokinin in in vitro culture; and3. determine the best palea-lemma age, kind and concentration of cytokinin which resulted the best growth of palea and lemma in in vitro culture. The used experimental method was Completely Randomised Design (CRD) with factorial treatment pattern. The applied treatment consisted of three factors i.e. palea-lemma age (U): (55, 60, and 65 days after planting); kind of cytokinin (S): (BAP and Kinetin); and Cytokinin Concentration (K): (0, 5, 10, and 15 M) with 3 replications. The observed variables were the palea and lemma growth with the parameters were palea-lemma length and width. The results showed that the kind of cytokinin had influenced the growth of palea-lemma in in vitro culture, and kinetin has better influence on the palea-lemma growth. The age of the palea-lemma determined the responsiveness of the palea-lemma towards external application of cytokinin. Older palea-lemma showed less responsive than younger ones towards external application of plant growth regulators. Moreover, the treatment combination (U1S2K2) (10 µM Kinetin applied to 55-day-old rice palea-lemma) had the best effect on increasing the size of palea-lemma of IR 64 rice.A research has been carried out with the aims to: 1. study the influence of both the kind and concentration of cytokinins on palea and lemma growth in in vitro culture; 2. study the influence of palea and lemma age towards external application of cytokinin in in vitro culture; and3. determine the best palea-lemma age, kind and concentration of cytokinin which resulted the best growth of palea and lemma in in vitro culture. The used experimental method was Completely Randomised Design (CRD) with factorial treatment pattern. The applied treatment consisted of three factors i.e. palea-lemma age (U): (55, 60, and 65 days after planting); kind of cytokinin (S): (BAP and Kinetin); and Cytokinin Concentration (K): (0, 5, 10, and 15 M) with 3 replications. The observed variables were the palea and lemma growth with the parameters were palea-lemma length and width. The results showed that the kind of cytokinin had influenced the growth of palea-lemma in in vitro culture, and kinetin has better influence on the palea-lemma growth. The age of the palea-lemma determined the responsiveness of the palea-lemma towards external application of cytokinin. Older palea-lemma showed less responsive than younger ones towards external application of plant growth regulators. Moreover, the treatment combination (U1S2K2) (10 µM Kinetin applied to 55-day-old rice palea-lemma) had the best effect on increasing the size of palea-lemma of IR 64 rice