Publikasi Online Fakultas Biologi UNSOED (Universitas Jenderal Soedirman)
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Isolasi dan Identifikasi Jamur Endofit Tanaman Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.)
Get PDFMangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) is one of Indonesia's tropical horticultural commodities with high economic value. Mangosteen also has a lot of functions such as a producer of a wide variety of functional compounds such as anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal that have some bioactive component i.e., micotoxin, enzyme, and antibiotics. The research was carried out to investigate the endophyte fungi in mangosteen plant tissue. Endophyte fungal isolation from mangosteen plant tissue resultsed 11 isolates which have identified Phoma sp., Acremonium sp., 2 isolates of Penicillium sp., Geotrichum sp., Pestalotiopsis sp., Botryosphaeria sp., Colletotrichum sp., Chrysosporium sp., Aspergillus sp. and Blastomyces sp., and 2 isolates have not been identified
Motilitas dan Viabilitas Spermatozoa Itik Lokal (Anas platyrhyncos) Setelah Penyimpanan dalam Medium Berbeda Dikombinasi Krioprotektan Kuning Telur Berbagai Konsentrasi
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to asses motility and viability of domestic duck (Anas platyrhyncos) spermatozoa after 6 day storing in preservation medium of different egg yolk cryoprotectant concentration in three different medium Tris, PBS or Ringer lactate. In this experiment, we applied 3 combination of factors as treatments : extender (Tris, PBS or Ringer lactate), egg yolk (EY) concentration (0, 5, 10, 15 or 25%) and storage time (0,1,2,3,4,5,6 days). Spermatozoa was obtained by massage technique, ejaculate then were swup up in the extender, the swup-up sperm then were incubated in preservation medium as each treatments subjected to motility and viability assesment before and after storage at refrigerator temperature (50C). The results showed that sperm motility and viability were highly significantly different (P0.05) affected motility of the sperm. The best treatment resulted in promising quality having the highest motility of 46,67 ± 32,15 5 motile was from the treatment of 10% EY in PBS stored for 4 days. The best viability result was from the tretament of 25% EY in PBS after 4 days storage resulted in 50,00 ± 36,05 % of viabie sperm. In conclusion this protocol could be applied for artificial insemination trial
Kajian Etnobotani Mayarakat Adat Kampung Pulo di Kabupaten Garut
Get PDFEthnobotany is important in Indonesia because there are a lot of unknown things about the traditional plant usages by traditional people. One of them is the Kampung Pulo’s traditional people in Garut District of West Java’s province. This research aims to determine the diversity, usage and part of plants used by Kampung Pulo’s traditional people. The methods used are survey and data collection has been exploration, by interview and direct observation. The data were by analyzed by using descriptive analysis plant diversity, usage for, part used and how they were used by Kampung Pulo’s traditional people. The result of the research showed that there were 93 plants species included into 42 families which is used to Kampung Pulo’s traditional people. The most species used includes Areca catechu L., Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr., Cocos nucifera L., Carica papaya L., Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr., Gigantochloa verticillata (Willd) Munro, Oryza sativa L., Curcuma domestica L., Kaempferia galanga L. and Zingiber Officinale Roscc.. Kampung Pulo’s traditional people use the plants in a wide variety way such as for foods, shelter, tools, drugs, cosmetics, rituals, dye and traditional ceremonies. Plant parts that often use continously are fruits, leaves, stems, flowers, tubers, saffrons and roots
Uji Mikrobiologis dan Organoleptik Jus Tomat Hasil Fermentasi Lactobacillus plantarum dan Lactobacillus delbruekii sebagai Functional Food dengan Konsentrasi Starter Berbeda
Get PDFTomato juice can be used as an alternative health drinks readily accepted by society because it tastes good and refreshing, affordable and beneficial to health because contain high nutritional content. Fermentation in this study using a mixed culture of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) of Lactobacillus plantarum and L. delbruekii isolated from fruits and vegetables pickle. The accuracy of starter concentration is one of the factors that affect the quality of a product of fermented beverages. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of mixed cultures of L. plantarum and L. delbruekii in tomato juice to ferment with different starter concentrations (0%, 5%, 6%, 7% and 8%), and to know best starter concentration that can produce the highest levels of lactic acid fermentation of tomato juice. The results showed that tomato juice fermented LAB isolated from vegetables and fruits pickle resulted in a total lactic acid increased with increasing concentration of the starter during 6 hours incubation time ranging from 0.42% - 0.8%, the number of cell 1, 08 x 109 - 1.57 x 109 cfu/ml, medium pH values ranged from 4.03 - 4.16 units, as well as reduction sugar content between 2.78% - 13.07%. These results were supported also by results of organoleptic test by a score of taste 3.05 (acid), score of aroma 2.75 (sharp), score of color 3.95 (red-yellow) and score of predilection level 2.30 (rather like)
Potensi Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskular dalam Mengendalikan Penyakit Busuk Pelepah pada Tanaman Jagung
Get PDFSheath blight disease is important disease on maize, it caused by Rhizoctonia solani. biological control using arbuscular mycorrhizal is assumed can reduce expansion of the soil borne disease. The experiment was carried out using arranged in completely randomized design of factorial, with different density spore and two isolate of AM fungus ie: Glomus sp and Acaulospora mellea. There were three replicates arbuscular mycorrhizal at 100-300 spore per 10-30 grams propagule was inoculated to each planting hole and inoculated R. solani fungi 30 days after planting. Sheath blight disease observation was taken 10-50 days after inoculation R. solani, while observation their histology stalk and root at 50 days after inoculation of R. solani. The result of the experiment that inoculation of AM fungus with 100-300 spore have potential to control sheath blight disease on maize. At the plant infected by AM fungi isolate of Glomus sp its emphasis reach of 21,9%–40,98%, while infected by A. mellea emphasis reach 21,48%–39,93%. The damage of stalk tissue at the plant infected by R. solani was more acute than at the plant infected by both R. solani and mycorrhizal fungus even they had the same symptom, that was an necrosis at their stalk tissue. The plant infected by R. solani and mycorrhizal fungus were not different with the root tissue of healthy plant
Karakterisasi Ganoderma spp. di Kabupaten Banyumas dan Uji Peran Basidiospora dalam Siklus Penyakit Busuk Batang
Get PDFGanoderma sp., one of fungi belonged to the family Ganodermataceae, order of Aphyllophorales, class of Basidiomycetes is very widely spread. This fungus is a soil-borne, and has parasitic and saprophytic features which are interesting because of their two contradictory roles namely harmful and beneficial effects. As a plant parasite, Ganoderma is able to cause root and stem rot of tropical perennial crop plantation and forest which cause serious losses. The fungus is well known as white rot fungus which is able to cause a wood rotten by lignin destruction. On the contrary, the fungus has some advantages such as medical potentials. In this study, some collections and characterization of Ganoderma spp. found in Banyumas has been conducted. The technique used for sampling Ganoderma spp. mushroom is a survey with Purposive Random Sampling method. Samples were taken from nature in the area of Banyumas Regency and its natural substrate were noted. Characterization based on the macromorphology and micromorphology was done for grouping and identification. Micromorphology observations were done by slicing and painting samples with plants microtechnique method. The result showed that there were 43 Ganoderma spp isolates, distributed from low to high lands of 100 - 500 m above sea level. The most fungi were found on the high lands, in Baturraden sub district, which included 16 isolates. The interesting finding is the discovery of Ganoderma spp. which attacked flamboyant plant (Delonix regia) in West Purwokerto sub district. Based on micromorphology observations, these fungi form a basidium and basidiospore inside and below as well as the surface of the fruit body. Some species were also found having such phenomenon so it needs further research on the role of basidiospora in the cycle of stem rot disease, especially basidiospora role in the initiation of diseases infection. As the soil infecting mushroom, study of the disease spreading is focused more on the role of the mycelium found in the remaining plants as infecting the material. Basidiopore role in the spread of the disease is rarely studied, but actually basidiospore is a potential source of genetic variation
Perilaku Harian Rusa tutul (Axis-axis) di Kawasan Industri Pt Kujang Cikampek Jawa Barat
Get PDFA study entitled daily spotted deer (Axis-axis) Behavior in the PT Kujang Cikampek Industrial Area of West Java” wa aimed to determine the daily bahaviour and types of vegetation as habitat for spotted deer in PT Kujang Cikampek West Java. The study was conducted by using survey methods, daily behavioural observations were made by the Scan sampling and Time sampling method. The vegetation data were collected by census method. Five individual of the spotted deers in the Industrial Area of PT Kujang Cikampek were captured and classified by age and sex distribution. The result showed the highest activity is performed either in the feeding behavior for the breeding region is 45,67%. While the average breeding area of 1b eating behavior was 46,26%. The pattern of eating behavior the most performed is grazing and the most preferred vegetation is grassland
Pentingnya penggunaan Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) strain rentan insektisida serta kandang ukuran tertentu dalam uji efikasi insektisida aerosol
Get PDFBefore insecticide formulations can be registered and commercialized, efficacy of the insecticide should be carried out by an independent institution such us universities or research institutes. Based on the available protocol issued by the Pesticide Committee, we tested the efficacy two aerosol insecticides i.e. Baygon® and HIT® on Jakarta strain, Bandung strain, and Surabaya strain of Aedes aegypti, including the VCRU standard susceptible strain, confined in two cages with different dimensions inside the Peet-Grady chamber. The findings show that each of the four strains of Aedes aegypti had a significantly different KT50 value after being exposed to Baygon® and HIT® with the VCRU strain had the fastest KT50 among other strains.The results also show that all strain of Aedes aegypti tended to have higher KT50 (knockdown time 50%) when treated inside the large cage (30x30x30 cm) than those in the smaller cage (15x15x15 cm) even though treated with the same insecticide. The finding of this research suggests that it is imperative that the design and the protocol of insecticide efficacy test issued by the Pesticide Committee should state clearly the strain of Aedes aegypti being used as well as the dimension of the cage inside the Peet-Grady chamber. Herewith we suggest that standard insecticide susceptible Aedes aegypti strains such as VCRU as well as 15 X 15 X 15 cm cage are to be used for the mosquito aerosol efficacy test in the Peet-Grady chamber
Aktivitas dan Karakter Kitinase Isolat Trichoderma sp. W34 A4 Asal Kepulauan Raja Ampat Papua Barat
Get PDFThe study of chitinase activity was conducted on 13 selected fungal isolates Trichoderma sp. from Raja Ampat, West Papua and Mount Bromo, East Java. The result showed that fungal isolate Trichoderma sp. W34 A4 isolated from Raja Ampat has the highest chitinase activity (14.3 x10-3 U/ml). The highest chitinase was produced by Trichoderma sp. W34 A4 grown on the media containing colloidal chitin (1%), polypepton (0.1%), KH2PO4 (0.1%) and MgSO4.7H2O (0.05%) for 2 days of incubation. Those isolates produced high chitinase with initial pH range 3.0-8.0 and levels of colloidal chitin between 0.2% -2.0%. Chitinase of Trichoderma sp. W34 A4 has optimal activity at pH 5.0 and in temperature 45 °C. Chitinase from those isolate stable at a wide pH range but it is not stable to the high temperatures
Pengaruh Pemberian Kombinasi Pakan Ikan Rucah dan Pakan Buatan (Pelet) terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Laju Sintasan Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus)
Get PDFThe aim of this experiment was to find out the data and information of effect on feeding of combination of trash fish and pellet to the growth and survival rate of swimming crabs (Portunus pelagicus). The research was conducted in the research station of Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture, Maros, South Sulawesi for 40 days. Nine aquaria were used in this research and the dimention were 60 x 40 x 40 cm. Experimental disign used the Complete Randomized Design, The treatments were applied of trash fish and artificial feed (pellet) i.e. A; 100% trash fish (Clupea sp), B; 100% artificial feed (pellet), and C; 50% trash fish + 50% pellet, with three replicates, respectively, Crablet were applied average size of 5,2 + 0,2 mm in charapace width and 0,04 + 0,02 g in body weigth. Feeding were conducted of three times a day, with dosage 15 % of total body weight a day. During the experiment, the determined parameters were body weight, charapace width, and survival rate. The result showed that artificial feed/pellet of 42% protein contain could be used as feed in swimming crabs rearing and not significant different on the growth of charapace width, body weight and survival rate (P>0.05) with the other treatment