Publikasi Online Fakultas Biologi UNSOED (Universitas Jenderal Soedirman)
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Populasi Tungau Parasit Varroa jacobsoni: Penyebab Kematian Pupa dan Korelasinya terhadap Produksi Madu Apis cerana pada Sisiran Sarang Membujur dan Melintang
Get PDFBee keeping of local bee (Apis cerana Fab.) in Purbalingga Regency is spread widely from 25 m to 350 m asl, eventhough quatatively the production is still low. It is caused by parasitic mite attack, Varroa jacobsoni. This mite attack then suck haemolymph of the pupae, meanwhile if the bee comb cell consist of more than one mites, the pupae will die, consequently the honey production will decrease. The aims of the research are: 1) to know a mount of individual mite living and caused the death of one bee pupae, .2) to define the correlationship between density of parasitic mite and honey production, 3). To differ parasite mite V. jacobsoni density in longitudinal and cross posision of combs. Method used was survey with purposive random sampling tehnique on two posision of bee comb, 15 samples were taken in each posision. The data were analyzed by counting the amount of mite living on every dead pupae and the correlation was analyzed for the relationship between relative density of parasite mite and honey production. The result shows that correlation between relative density of parasitic mite and honey production is unsignificant. Conclusion of the research are: 1) amount of parasitic mite living on bee pupae and causing death is 5,80 individual on cross posisition comb and 4,71 individual on longitudinal posision comb. 2) correlation between relative density of parasitic mite and honey production is unsignificant. 3). The relative density of parasitic mite between two posisions of comb is unsignificant
Dekolorisasi Beberapa Macam Limbah Cair Batik menggunakan Limbah Baglog Pleurotus ostreatus dengan Waktu Inkubasi Berbeda
Get PDFLiquid waste of batik is dyes waste that will pollute the environment, lowers the quality of water and are toxic to living things. Spent mushroom of Pleurotus ostreatus can be used as an alternative method decolorize of batik liquid waste. The research aimed to determine the spent mushroom of P. ostreatus ability as an absorbent of Zn and decolorize agent of batik waste, i.e: napthol, indigosol and mixed waste. This research used experimental methods in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 9 treatments and 3 replicates. The results showed that the spent mushroom P. ostreatus was able to decolorizing some liquid waste of batik. Optimum incubation time on the decolorization liquid waste of batik on incubation time of 72 hours
Distribusi Geografis Tungau Parasit Nyamuk Aedes Sp. di Daerah Endemis Demam Berdarah Dengue di Propinsi Jawa Tengah
Get PDFThe geographical distribution patterns of parasitic mites determine the types of parasitic mites that should be developed in these endemic geographical regions. Types of parasitic mites and the patterns of geographic distribution of parasitic mites of Aedes sp. in dengue endemic areas in Central Java Province have not been determined yet. The purpose of this research was to determine the parasitic mite and geographical distribution patterns in dengue endemic areas in Central Java Province. All stages of the experiment were conducted by using a survey method with random sampling technique. Sampling area for Semarang City included the counties of Central Semarang and Tembalang, whereas for Banjarnegara including the villages of Krandegan, Kutabanjar, Parakancanggah, and Sokanandi, and the county of Karanganyar City, Karanganyar. Larvae, pupae and adult stages of Aedes mosquitoes. were sampled during the rainy season. Types of parasitic mites were identified using Walter & Proctor (1999), Pesic (2003) and Gerecke (2004) references. The average value and variance were analyzed for the number of each stage to determine the geographic distribution pattern of parasitic mites. The infection ability was determined by the average intensity of parasitic mites and the prevalence value. The results demonstrated that the families of parasitic mites that infect the larvae of Aedes sp. in dengue endemic areas in Central Java Province were Pionidae 1, Histiostomatidae, Hydryphantidae, Hydrachnidae 1, Arrenuridae, Hydrachnidae 2 and Pionidae 2. Based on the frequency of occurrence, prevalence and the ability to infect, it was concluded that family Histostomatidae is a potential candidate for biocontrol agent of Aedes sp larvae. The distribution pattern of parasitic mite families in endemic areas of dengue fever in Central Java Province, showed a random distribution pattern
Penggunaan Ekstrak Rimpang Lengkuas untuk Mengendalikan Busuk Leher Akar pada Tanaman Terong (Solanum Melongena L.)
Get PDFA research to find antifungal activity of galanga rhizome (Alpinia galanga L.) on Sclerotium rolfsii as the causal agent of white mold and stem rot disease on eggplant has been done. The galanga extract was obtained by extracting the rhizome using ethanol solvent. The experiment design was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in a factorial pattern, involving two factors, i.e. the rhizome extract concentration (E) with six levels of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%; and application time (W) with two levels of three days interval and seven days interval. The result showed that the best extract concentration was 20% that was applied in three days interval
Pertumbuhan dan Laju Sintasan Krablet Kepiting Bakau (Scyla serrata) dengan Pemberian Jenis Pakan Rucah yang Berbeda
Get PDFThe aim of this experiment was to find out information on suitable trash fish for the growth and survival rate of mud crabs (Scyla serrata). The research was conducted in Marana Brackishwater pond research station of the Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture, Maros, South Sulawesi for 28 days. Twelve aquaria of 60 x 40 x 40 cm3 were used in this experiment using Completely Randomized Design. Treatments tested were four differents species of trash fishes i.e. A; sibula (Sardinella sp), B; tembang (Clupea sp), C; Anchovy (Stolephorus sp) and D; Tilapia (Tilapia mosambica), each with three replications. Twentyfive pieces of crablets of 5,9 + 0,2 mm in carapace width and 0,06 + 0,02 g in body weigth were stocked in each aquarium. Crablets were then fed with trash fish with the dosage of 15% of total biomass per days given twice a day. The results showed that the growth of crablets fed with tilapia was the best trash fish (P>0.05), among the treatments which were tested. The use of other fishes were not significantly different (P>0.05) on the crablet growth
Aktivitas Antifungi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Candida albicans secara in vitro
Get PDFAntifungal activity of the ethanol extract of bay-leaf (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.) against growth of the fungus Candida albicans in vitro has been conducted. Leaves of S. polyanthum has been known to have potential as antifungal for skin fungal pathogen. This study aims to determine antifungal activity of the ethanol extract of S. polyanthum leaves against growth of C. albicans. Activity test was done by disc-diffusion method and macro-dilution. This study used concentrations of ethanol leaf extract of S. polyanthum of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% (w/v). Negative control using 1% DMSO and positive controls using ketoconazole 30 mg/mL. The results shows that ethanol extract of leaves of S. polyanthum have activity as an antifungal. Ethanol extract of leaves of S. polyanthum based on the results of GCMS analysis of compounds containing chemical compounds such as terpenoids and fatty acids. Ethanol extract of leaves of S. polyanthum showed the highest inhibition zone diameter at a concentration of 1% (w/v) of 9.32 ± 0.21 mm. Value of Minimum inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for ethanol leaf extract of S. polyanthum present in a concentration of 0.5% (w/v) and the value of Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) present in a concentration of 1% (w/v)
Studi Kasus Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Sebagai Obat-Obatan Tradisional Oleh Masyarakat Adat Kampung Naga Di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya
Get PDFA study entitled "A Case Study of Plant Utilization as Traditional Medicines by Indigenous Community of Kampung Naga" has been conducted from April-July 2010. The aims of the research to determine the type, how to used and to conserve plants used for medicine by the indegenous community in Kampung Naga. The research method was survey and the data collection was done with census method, interview and questionnaire for the tribe (kuncen), midwife (paraji), community leaders and residents of Kampung Naga. The results of the research showed that there 108 plants species including to 50 families used as medicinal plants. The organ and nutritious plants used as medicine are the roots, rhizomes, tubers, stems, seeds, flowers, fruits, and leaves, or the whole plant parts. The way to use the medicinal plants includes boiing, just posted, and immediately eaten after steaming. The plants used as medicine were obtained from the gardens, forests, yards, roadside, moor and fields. The conservation efforts undertaken by the community of Kampung Naga consist of plant planting and cultural conservation
Kajian Histologis Infeksi LD50 SLNPV terhadap Kerusakan Membran Peritrofik Larva Spodoptera litura Fabricius
Get PDFThe effect of SlNPV infection on peritrophic membrane of Spodoptera litura has been carried out. The damage of histological structure caused by SlNPV (0, 315, 390, 465, 540 and 615 PIB/ml) was investigated after 0, 12, 24 ,72 and 96 hours post infection. The histological material was prepared by using parafin method after fixation with Bouin Solution, then sliced into 7 mm and stained with Hematoxilin-Eosin. The descriptive obsevation on structural intact of peritrophic membrane histology caused by SlNPV infection shows a tendency to decrease, while in control, there was no damage at all. The longer the exposition of virion in the midgut lumen the more damage on peritrophic membrane occurred. The severest damage occurred 96 hour after infection. The result prove that haNPV virion can destroy histological structure of midgu
Hubungan Kekerabatan Fenetik Jamur Shiitake (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler) berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi
Get PDFPhenetic relationship of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler) cultivated in Indonesia especially in Java is still undisclosed. In order to increase adaptability and high production most of cultivators in Indonesia make inter-isolates breeding. Consequently L. edodes isolates grown in Indonesia may have morphological and genetic diversity. Diversity among the isolates of L.edodes can be determined by morphological and molecular assessments. Isolates originating from different locations can show specific morphological characters, and requires more in-depth assessment of the macroscopic and microscopic morphological characters. Four L.edodes isolates from Malang, Cianjur, Lembang and Yogyakarta were understudy to determine their morphological characters and phenetic relationship. Degree of similarity between the isolates was carried out through numerical taxonomy approach and the data obtained were analyzed using the Numerical taxonomy program and multivariate analysis system, version 2.1. The results showed that there was diversity of morphology of the four isolates and based on the results of data analysis obtained, the degree of similarity between the isolates ranged between 83-95%. Isolates of L. edodes from Malang to Cianjur showed the closest phenetic relationship (95%) and isolates from Malang to Yogyakarta showed the most distant phenetic relationship (83%). Based on the morphological characters obtained from this research revealed the diversity and phenetic relationship among the four isolates of L. edodes
Kualitas Perairan di Selat Makassar Ditinjau dari Aspek Bakteriologi
Get PDFMakassar strait is one of the important and strategic straits in Indonesia as it constitutes interislands and international sealanes. Its water condition is under the influence of both Kalimantan and Sulawesi islands, so that the dynamics in the region of marine and coastal environment becomes more complex. A study on water quality of bacteriological points of view in Makassar strait was conducted in October 2003. Seawater and sediment samples were collected by using the Research Vessel Baruna Jaya VIII at 16 stations. The aims of this study is to find out the water quality based on the contents of coliform bcteria and pathogenic bacteria Salmonella and Vibrio. The analysis of coliform bacteria was conducted by using membrane filter technique, while the pathogenic bacteria Salmonella and Vibrio were cultivated in the specific media Selenith broth and TCBS agar. The results showed that coliform bacteria at the surface layers depth varied from 80– 824 CFU/100mL with an average of 245 CFU/100mL, while those at the middle layer varied from 0–60 CFU/100mL with an average of 23 CFU/100mL. Seven pathogenic bacteria were isolated from seawater sample, i.e. Citrobacter spp., Edwardsiella spp., Proteus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Providencia spp., Shigella spp. and Vibrio spp, while eight pathogenic bacteria were obtained at sediment sample, i.e. Aeromonas spp., Citrobacter spp., Proteus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Providencia spp., Shigella spp., Yersenia spp. and Vibrio spp. These results indicated that coliform bacteria content in Makassar strait is under the threshold of Indonesian standard, i.e. Ministry Decree of Environment No: 51, 2004. Vibrio spp. was the pathogenic bacteria found both from seawater and sediment samples. In general, however, pathogenic bacteria was dominated by low pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, it can be concluded that from bacteriological point of view, water quality of Makassar strait is still relatively good