Publikasi Online Fakultas Biologi UNSOED (Universitas Jenderal Soedirman)
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EFEKTIVITAS PELET BIOFUNGISIDA Trichoderma harzianum MENGENDALIKAN Fusarium sp. PENYEBAB PENYAKIT REBAH SEMAI PADA BIBIT TANAMAN CAISIM (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis L)
Get PDFThis research aimed to determine the effect of the interaction of the dosage with the application model of Trichoderma harzianum bio-fungicide pellet to the effectiveness of damping-off disease control caused by Fusarium sp. on the green mustard, and also to determine the most effective dosage and application model to control that disease. This research was experimental with the factorial completely randomized design. The factors were: the dosage of T. harzianum bio-fungicide pellet, i.e., 0 g (D0), 12,5 g (D1), 25 g (D2), 37,5 g (D3), 50 g (D4), 62,5 g (D5), and 75 g (D6); and the application model of pellet, i.e., T1, T2, T3 dan T4. This research analyzed the data using the test of variety difference with 5% and 1% degree of errors, followed by least significance difference test. The results showed the interaction between dosage and application model did not affect the effectiveness of the damping-off disease control on the green mustard seedling. The dosage of T. harzianum pellets and the application model of T. harzianum pellets independently gave a significant effect on the effectiveness of biological control agent of T. harzianum toward Fusarium sp. on the green mustard seedling. The dosage of 37,5 g per 50 green mustard individuals was the most efficient amount to control the damping-off disease. The 7-day continuous application and incubation of pellet to the seeding medium before pathogen inoculation and planting were better than any other application models
UKURAN ORGAN SISTEM REPRODUKSI ITIK JANTAN YANG DISUPLEMENTASI PROBIOTIK MEP+ BERBAGAI DOSIS SELAMA 30 HARI
Get PDFProbiotics MEP+ can increase fowl weight and weft efficiency, therefore it is important to know probiotics MEP+ effect at different dosage toward reproduction aspect. This research aimed to examine duck reproduction organ size suplemented with probiotics MEP+ with different dosage within 30 days. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments with different dosages within 30 days which was without probiotic’s application or control (K), 0,75 ml/kg wefts (P1) dose, 1,5 ml/kg wefts (P2) dose, a n d 3 ml/kg wefts (P3) dose. Each treatment repeated 8 times. Total 40 ducks raised in floor dry cage system. At 31st day of treatment duck reproduction system organ was measured. Whole results show increase average data (±SD) for weight of both right and left testis, and liver weight with highly probiotics dosage it, however the analysis result statistic not significant (P>0,05) except weight of right left testis with duck weight or gonadosomatic indeks (GSI) were very significant (P<0,01) among all treatment at different dosages was compared control. The results is confirmed that probiotic's MEP+ treatment with different dosages within 30 days gave no effect towards duck reproduction system organ size except to gonadosomatic indeks (GSI) male duck
PENYAKIT PADA TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH CENDAWAN DI PERTANAMAN RAKYAT DAERAH BREBES
No full textShallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is one of the horticultural commodities which highly developed and cultivated in Brebes. Brebes contributed to fulfill up to 23% to the national needs. But, its production decreased 0.87% annually. The intensification of shallot production faced many problems, especially the diseases caused by the pathogenic fungi causing the low crop production. We conducted this study during the period of May–October 2012. The purpose of this study was to find out the type of pathogenic fungi and to determine the diseases including the dominant disease on shallot crops in Brebes. The research was a survey, and a diagonally purposive sampling technique applied at five different locations. We identified the plant diseases based on identification key books of the Penyakit-Penyakit Tanaman Hortikultura and the Plant Disease Handbook as references. We described the diseases according to the signs and symptoms followed by the isolation of pathogenic fungi that cause disease. The pathogenic fungi identification was completed using the Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi, the Compedium of Soil Fungi, and the Pengenalan Kapang Tropik Umum as references. This study found three diseases in shallot crops, i.e., Fusarium tuber rot, Aspergillus tuber rot and Curvularia leaf spot. The dominant shallot crop disease was the Curvularia leaf spot
Keanekaragaman dan Pemanfaatan Ubi-Ubian sebagai Alternatif Tanaman Pangan di Kecamatan Bantarkawung Kabupaten Brebes
Get PDFA research on the diversity and use of tuber as alternative food crops in Bantarkawung, Brebes has been conducted. This research was aimed to find out the kinds of tuber used as alternative food crops. The method used was survey with a purposive random sampling applied to eighteen villages, The data were obtained by interviewing using questionnaire for each owner. They were analyzed descriptively for tuber type. The result of this study showed that there are nine species of tuber plant used as alternative food crops: Manihot esculenta, Ipomoea batatas., Dioscorea alata, D. hispida, D. esculenta, Canna edulis, Colocasia esculenta, Amorphophallus campanulatus, Maranta arundinacea, and 7 cultivars from 3 species of plant that were Manihot esculenta.’ Darmo’, M. esculenta ‘Mentega’, M. Esculenta ‘Valenca’, Ipomoea batatas. ‘Selat’, I. batatas ‘Sriwil’, Colocasia esculenta ‘Udang’ and C. esculenta ‘Pari’. M. esculenta were more often found while D. hispida was the less frequently used. People in Bantarkawung used tuber as the alternative food crops for self consumption by boiling, frying, roasting and making them as meal. The meal was processed into various processed foods, part of them were sold
Adaptasi Anatomis Tanaman Kedelai Varietas Slamet Akibat Perbedaan Ketinggian Tempat
Get PDFA research on the “Anatomical Adaptation of Soybean ‘Slamet’ in Various Altitudes” has been conducted. The research was aimed to traced anatomical adaptation of soybean ‘Slamet’ in various altitude and to proved altitude give the anatomical adaptation to soybean ‘Slamet’. The result of this research showed that altitude has caused the increase of leaf mesophyll thickness. The different altitude does not affect the cuticle thickness, length and width of stomata, stomatal and trichomatal density per mm2 of leaf area. The altitude affected the anatomical adaptation of soybean ‘Slamet’ was 250 m above sea level with the average mesophyll thickness of 112.40 µm. A research entitled on the “Anatomical Adaptation of Soybean ‘Slamet’ Variety Plant Because of in Various Altitudes Differentiation” have has been conducted. The research was aimed was to traced anatomical adaptation of soybean ‘Slamet’ variety plant because of in various altitude differentiation and to proved altitude differentiation give the anatomical adaptation of to soybean Slamet variety plant. The result of the this research showed that altitude differentiation has caused the increase of leaf mesophyll thickness raise of soybean Slamet variety leaf. The different altitude differentiation does not caused of affect the cuticle thickness, the length and width stomata, the stomatal and trichomatal density per mm2 leaf area. The altitude most affected on the anatomical adaptation of soybean ;Slamet; variety was 250 m above sea level with the most average mesophyll thickness of 112.40 µm.A research on the “Anatomical Adaptation of Soybean ‘Slamet’ in Various Altitudes” has been conducted. The research was aimed to traced anatomical adaptation of soybean ‘Slamet’ in various altitude and to proved altitude give the anatomical adaptation to soybean ‘Slamet’. The result of this research showed that altitude has caused the increase of leaf mesophyll thickness. The different altitude does not affect the cuticle thickness, length and width of stomata, stomatal and trichomatal density per mm2of leaf area. The altitude affected the anatomical adaptation of soybean ‘Slamet’ was 250 m above sea level with the average mesophyll thickness of 112.40 µm. A research entitled on the “Anatomical Adaptation of Soybean ‘Slamet’ Variety Plant Because of in Various Altitudes Differentiation” have has been conducted. The research was aimed was to traced anatomical adaptation of soybean ‘Slamet’ variety plant because of in various altitude differentiation and to proved altitude differentiation give the anatomical adaptation of to soybean Slamet variety plant. The result of the this research showed that altitude differentiationhas caused the increase of leaf mesophyll thickness raise of soybean Slamet variety leaf. The different altitude differentiation does not caused of affect the cuticle thickness, the length and width stomata, the stomatal and trichomatal density per mm2 leaf area. The altitude most affected on the anatomical adaptation of soybean ;Slamet;varietywas 250 m above sea level with the most average mesophyll thickness of 112.40 µm
KEMAMPUAN TANAMAN GLODOGAN Polyalthia longifolia SONN. SEBAGAI PENEDUH JALAN DALAM MENGAKUMULASI Pb UDARA BERDASARKAN RESPON ANATOMIS DAUN DI PURWOKERTO
Get PDFPolyalthia longifolia is a plant that used as a roadside in Purwokerto. This study aimed to determine the ability of the plant P. longifolia in the air and accumulate Pb anatomic response to the Pb concentration in the leaves of P. longifolia. The methods of research used survey methods. Roadside plant leaf samples were taken by purposived sampling at six locationsmain street in Purwokerto, there are Jenderal Soedirman, Dr. Soeparno, HR. Bunyamin, Commisioner Bambang Soeprapto and Gerilya. The independent variable was the ambient air Pb and Pb leaf was the dependent variable. The main parameters investigated were air Pb concentrations, Pb leaves, stomata anatomical characters and thick mesophyll tissue. Parameter support was the traffic density. The results showed that the highest concentration of Pb in the air with a concentration of 0.1020 μg/m3 per hour on Gerilya street and the lowest in DR. Soeparno street with concentrations of 0.0048 μg/m3 per hour, it can be concluded that an ambient air Pb in six study sites are still under ambient air quality in Central Java, which is 2 μg/m3 per 24 hours. Leaf Pb concentration was highest in HR. Bunyamin street with a concentration of 0.4980 ± 0.004 ppm and lows in the DR. Soeparno street with concentrations of 0.2786 ± 0.008 ppm. Pb accumulated in leaves affects the density, length, and width of stomata and mesophyll tissue thickness P. longifolia. Pb concentrations was not correlate with the leaf Pb concentration P. longifolia. Pb concentrations of leaves of P. longifolia is closely linked with decreasing density of stomata and mesophyll tissue thickness but not related to the length and width of the stomata
PENGARUH LAMA PENYIMPANAN DAN KONSENTRASI Bifidobacterium BBIV PADA YOGHURT TERHADAP KADAR ASAM LAKTAT
No full textYogurt is a well-known fermented dairy product. The addition of Bifidobacterium BBIV into yogurt was able to increase the content of lactic acid and therefore was able to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi. This study aimed to find out the amount of lactic acid in yogurt added by the culture of Bifidobacterium BBIV in the various concentration and storage periods; to evaluate antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi. This research was experimental using a Completely Randomized Design. The proportion of the combination of Bifidobacterium BBIV starter (Lactobacillus bulgaricus: Streptococcus thermophillus: Bifidobacterium BBIV) were 1:1:0 (B0), 1:1:0,5 (B1), 1:1:1 (B2) and 1:1:1,5 (B3). The storage period was 30-days, observations were made every five days. This study computed the ANOVA followed by the LSD test for data analysis. The result showed that the addition of Bifidobacterium BBIV starter in various proportion to the yogurt with the different storage periods gave significantly different effects on the lactic acid amount. The addition of Bifidobacterium BBIV starter of 1:1:1(B2) proportion stored after 20 days showed an increasing level of lactic acid. All of the yogurt with any other ratios (B0, B1, B2, and B3) of Bifidobacterium BBIV starter, stored after 30 days were still able to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi. The organoleptic test showed that yogurt with 1:1:1,5 (B3) starter ratio was the most preferred in both taste, aroma, color, and homogeneity. The study suggested that the amount of lactic acid in the yogurt increased by the addition of Bifidobacterium BBIV in various ratios, i.e., 1:1:0,5; 1:1:1; and 1:1:1,5 after 30 days were 1,2652%;1,2243% and 1,2506% respectively. The inhibition zone produced by yogurt on the bacterial growth of Salmonella typhi was 6,5–8,3 millimeters in any of the storage periods
PRODUKSI MISELIUM Grifola frondosa (Dickson: Fries) Gray ISOLAT CIANJUR DAN BOBOT EKSTRAKNYA PADA MEDIUM MYPB DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BIJI BUNGA MATAHARI Helianthus annuus L.
Get PDFGrifola frondosa or maitake, not only can be used as a food ingredient but also as medicine. Other than nutrients, fruit body and mycelium of G. frondosa also contains bioactive compounds, such as terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, and beta glucans extracellular polysaccharides (β-1,3 glucans and β-1,6 glucans). Extracellular polysaccharide harvested more often in mycelium form which is cultivated in liquid medium. Liquid medium which is commonly used for the growth of mycelium is MYPB (Malt Yeast Peptone Broth). Mycelium production on MYPB as a medium can be increased by adding additional ingredients, one of which is sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The treatment was the addition of sunflower seeds on medium MYPB. The main parameters were mycelium’s dry weight and the weight of raw extract of G. frondosa. Supporting parameters were final pH medium, extracellular polysaccharides (qualitatively), terpenoid, alkaloid, and flavonoid compounds in the raw extract of G. frondosa. The addition of 250 g/l sunflower seeds in the medium MYPB was the optimum treatment that can produce 1,379 g/100ml of mycelium and 0,299 g/100ml G. frondosa extracts
N-Acyl Homoserine Lactones sebagai Signal Quorum Sensing untuk Meningkatkan Efektifitas Bakteri Fosfat
Get PDFPhosphate bacteria (PB) are able to release P-adsorption by soil. PB effectiveness in releasing adsorption P controled by quorum sensing (QS) signal. PB produces a QS signal as N-acyl homoserine lactones (N-HSL). The aim of this study are to determine the type of N-HSL as QS signal of PB (Pseudomonas trivialis, P. putida and P. fluorescens) and find the source of N-HSL from root extracts of some plants (rice, corn, bamboo, banana and peanuts). Analysis of N-HSL using HPLC (Hitachi UV-VIS detector L-2420), L-2200 autosampler (20 mL), L-2130 pump and column C OOF-4250-CO/10 µm LaChrom Ultra 18 (2 µm) 100 A 150 x 4.60 mm 10 m KPOW 490065-1 (Phenomenex), temperature 60° C, flow rate of 0.9 mL/minute and a gradient of 30-100 % in 1.0 minutes. Standard N-HSL is C4-HSL, 6, 8, 10, 12 homoserine lactones (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) was dissolved in acetonitrile (Merch, India) with a concentration of 50 mM. P-dissolved by PB determined by staining NVM and a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 413 nm. PB population is determined by the OD (optical density) at a wavelength of 600 nm. PB populations on medium Pikovskaya influenced by PB isolates, the type of P sources and duration of incubation. N-HSL generated by PB highest is Butanoyl (C4) homoserine lactones. PB isolates 9 and Ca-phosphate sources produce N-HSL most. Root extract of rice, corn, bamboo, bananas and peanuts can be a source of N-HSL. Soluble phosphorus from medium Pikovskaya influenced by the type of PB isolates and source of P