Publikasi Online Fakultas Biologi UNSOED (Universitas Jenderal Soedirman)
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PERKEMBANGAN POST-LARVA IKAN NILEM Osteochilus hasselti C.V. DENGAN POLA PEMBERIAN PAKAN BERBEDA
Get PDFFailure of adaptation in feed utilization can result in larval mortality. Post-larval stage is a critical period of fish development in which transition from internal feeding to external feeding occurs. This study aimed to determine the growth and survival of hard-lipped barb (Osteochilus hasselti C.V.) post-larvae fed with different feeding patterns. The experiment was conducted on an experimental basis with a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments consisted of (P1) 100% Spirulina sp., (P2) 75% Spirulina sp. + 25% pellet powder, (P3) 50% Spirulina sp. + 50% powder pellet, (P4) 25% +75% sp Spirulina pellet powder, and (P5) 100% powder pellets. Day 1 post-hatching larvae were reared in aquaria with density of 17 fish / L for 8 weeks. The larvae were fed as much as 5% of the total weight of biomass. Post-larval development was evaluated by observing the development of the larvae morphology, the body length (every week), the biomass weight (every 2 weeks), and calculating their survival rate at week 8. Morphological data were analyzed descriptively. Data on body length, biomass weight and survival were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by LSD test. The results showed that the feeding pattern significantly affected the development of post-larvae (p<0.05). The most advance post-larval development was obtained from the post-larvae fed with 100% pellet powder. In this group, morphological characters of post-larvae in the first week were the mouth start opening, the skin was pigmented, and gall bladder in bi-lobes shaped, caudal fin and dorsal fins were differentiated. Completion of fins development was achieved by the third week when the post-larvae have adult morphological character. The highest body length and biomass weight of the post-larvae was obtained in the group fed with100% of pellets and the highest survival rate was found in the group fed with combination of 50% Spirulina sp. + 50% pellet powder (P3)
Tipe Echolokasi serta Struktur Larynx pada Miniopterus dan Rhinolophus
Get PDFA bat is the only mamal with true flight ability and have capability to perform echolocation. Miniopterus and Rhinolopus are bat species that have some different morphological characteristics but both of them commonly live in the cave. The research were purposed to study the differences and connection of echolocation call type and larynx’s structure of Miniopterus and Rhinolopus The two bat species were collected from 20th and 23th cave of Japanese Cave Complex, Kaliurang, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Specimens were taken to the laboratory for further analysis. Echolocation signals of both bat species were recorded using ultrasonic microphone and were analyzed with Batscan 9.0 software. Specimens were subjected for anatomical and histological structure analysis of the larynx. Anatomical structure observations were carried out with specimens dissection and they were fixed in 20% formol solution. Some samples of larynx of each species were processed and stained with Alizarin Red’s-Alcian Blue staining for larynx’s bones observation. Histological preparation of larynx was performed using paraffin method and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and MAF. The results showed that echolocation signals of Minipterus have lower frequency (peak frequency between 44.1-51.6kHz) compared to that of Rhinolopus (peak frequency between 54.4-64.1 kHz). However, Miniopterus has better ability to modulate the signal frequency than Rhinolopus Both species are able to produce a long-duration signal but Rhinolopus can produce longer signal duration. These results can be related to the differences of larynx’s anatomical and histological structure of both species which are equally able to keep the intensity of echolocation signals but have different work mechanisms
UPAYA MEMACU PERTUMBUHAN TUNAS MIKRO KENTANG KULTIVAR GRANOLA DENGAN JENIS DAN KONSENTRASI SITOKININ BERBEDA
Get PDFMicro-shoot growth is the first step in the potato microtuber formation. The main factors were known controlling microtuber formation including the media type, the concentration of sucrose, the type and concentration of plant growth regulators, temperature, and photoperiodicity. This research aimed to determine the influence of the t of cytokinin and its concentration on the micro-shoot formation of Granola cultivar of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), as well as to determine the best cytokinin type and its concentration on micro-shoot formation of Granola cultivar potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The research was experimental in a split-plot design. The main plot was the type of cytokinin (BAP and Kinetin), and the subplot was cytokinin concentration at five levels of concentrations, i.e., 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 µM. This study replicated each treatment three times which resulted in obtaining 30 experimental units. The data obtained were then analyzed using an analysis of variance, followed by honest significant difference test at 95 and 99% levels of confidence. The results showed that the formation of micro-shoot of Granola cultivar of potato was controlled by the type and concentration of cytokinin used. The addition of 5‒15 μM of BAP was found to be the best treatments to stimulate micro-shoot formation of Granola cultivar of potato
POPULASI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT PADA BUDIDAYA IKAN NILA YANG DIBERI PAKAN FERMENTASI LIMBAH PERTANIAN DENGAN SUPLEMEN ENCENG GONDOK DAN PROBIOTIK
Get PDFThe aim of this study were to determine the effect of fermented agricultural wastes feeding with supplement of water hyacinth and MEP+ probiotic towards the increasing population of intestinal Lactid Acid Bacteria (LAB) in Tilapia and to know the highest population of lactic acid bacteria after fermented agricultural waste feeding with water hyacinth supplements and MEP+ probiotic. Independent variable in this study was fermented feed with the addition of different water hyacinth and MEP+ probiotics. The experimental study was continued using completely randomized design (CRD). The dependent variable in this study was the number density of Lactobacillus bacteria in the gut of Tilapia. The main parameters measured were the number of LAB. Proponent parameters were namely Tilapia weight gain, physical and chemical conditions of the water. The results showed that feeding fermentative effected in increasing the population of lactic acid bacteria in the gut of Tilapia. Fermentative feed supplement agricultural waste with water hyacinth as much as 10% and MEP+ probiotic was the best treatment with LAB population density in Tilapia intestine with the average of 5.85 x 106 CFU /g
HUBUNGAN PERBANDINGAN TOTAL NITROGEN DAN TOTAL FOSFOR DENGAN KELIMPAHAN CHRYSOPHYTA DI PERAIRAN WADUK PANGLIMA BESAR SOEDIRMAN, BANJARNEGARA
Get PDFNitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) affect the growth of phytoplankton in the waters. Nitrogen is an important part in forming protein in organisms, while phosphorus is the most essential element for growth and contributes in protein formation and cell metabolism in organisms. The activities from the catchment area that enter into the P.B Soedirman Reservoir can affect both concentration of N and P. The comparison total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) is the limiting factor to affect the growth of phytoplankton. Chrysophyta is one of division from phytoplankton that has function as an important component in the food chain and become as natural feed for fish. This research showed the abundance of Chrysophyta, relations of TN with the abundance of Chrysophyta; TP with the abundance of Chrysophyta; TN/TP with the abundance of Chrysophyta; TN, TP, TN/TP with the abundance Chrysophyta in the P.B Soedirman Reservoir, Banjarnegara Regency. This research used survey method with purposive sampling technique on 7 observation stations with 3 repeating. The relation of TN/TP with the abundance of Chrysophyta were analyzed used correlation regression - correlation analyzis. The results of the research showed that total abundance Chrysophyta was between 339-9570 ind/l, relation between TN/TP with the abundance of Chrysophyta with the degree was weak to very strong correlation. The most affection correlation was shown by of TN, TP, TN/TP collectively with the abundance of Chrysophyta with coefficient value (r) of 0,890 with the strength of the relation of 79,3%. The regression analysis of TN, TP, TN/TP collectively with the abundance of Chrysophyta was shown by the equation Y= – 80987,801 – 8499,931TN + 1,684TP + 406,373TN/TP
ANALISIS FENETIK KULTIVAR CABAI BESAR Capsicum annuum L. DAN CABAI KECIL Capsicum frutescens L.
Get PDFA study on the “Phenetic analysis of Capsicum annuum L. and Capsicum frutescens L. “ has been conducted from June to August 2012. The aim of the research is to know the relationship amoung big chillis and small chillis based on morphology. The samples were taken from 5 villages in Sukamantri Sub-district, Ciamis. The method used in this research was explorative survey with purposive random sampling. The character data of big chili and small chili morphologies were analyzed descriptively to determine the relationship using UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Mean Arithmetic) methods. The result of this study showed that there were seven cultivars of big chilli, namely C. annuum „Hot Chili‟, Gada, Fantastik, Keriting TM 888, Tanjung 2, Keriting TM 999, Hot Beauty, and four cultivars of small chilli namely C. frutescens „Cakra Ungu‟, Cakra Hijau, Bendot, and Cakra Putih. The fenogram showed that there were five groups, two groups of C. annuum and three groups of C. frutescens. The first group consisted of C. annuum „Hot Chili‟, Keriting TM 888, Fantastik, and Tanjung 2. The second group consisted of C. annuum „Gada‟, Hot Beauty, and Keriting TM 999. The third group was C. frutescens „Bendot‟. The fourth group consisted of C. frutescens „Cakra Putih‟, and C. frutescens „Cakra Hijau‟. The fifth group was C. frutescens „Ungu‟. The closest relationship was between C. annuum „Keriting TM 999‟ and C. annuum „Hot Beauty‟ and the farthest relationship was between C. frutescens „Bendot‟ and C. frutescens „Ungu‟
AKTIVITAS SUPEROKSIDA DISMUTASE TIKUS DIABETES YANG DIBERI EKSTRAK BATANG KAPULAGA DAN GLIBENKLAMID
Get PDFSuperoxide Dismutase (SOD) is an antioxidant enzyme which reduce anion superoxide radicals as well as known caused of diabetes. There are many natural additive was believed having capacity to repaired an antioxidant celluler status. Cardamom’s stem were reported containing flavonoid and vitamin C which have been proven as in vitro antioxidant. There was no data showing its in vivo potency. This study aims to knoe the SOD activity of diabetes rats which were given cardamom stem extract (CSE) and glibenclamide. The research carried out with the use of experimentally Randomized Design Complete (RAL) by administering treatment on diabetes rat without CSE and glibenclamide as a control, consist of 100 mg/kg bodymass CSE and 2 mg/kg bodymass glibenclamide. The experiment consists of 3 treatments with 7 repetitions, blood sampling carried out experiments as much as 3 times with intervals of 7 days once. The data was analyzed using a variety of analysis (ANOVA). The result showed that the SOD activity increased from 4261 Unit/mg protein to 6604,668 Unit/mg protein (P<0.01) in diabetes rats treatment by CSE for 14 days