Publikasi Online Fakultas Biologi UNSOED (Universitas Jenderal Soedirman)
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Distribusi Phyllanthus emblica L. di Sumatera Utara Bagian Selatan
Get PDFThe Indian gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica L.) distribution has been studied in the southern part of North Sumatera, which is in the South Labuhanbatu district, North Padanglawas, Padanglawas, SouthTapanuli, Padangsidempuan city and Mandailing Natal district. The aims ofthis study was to determine the distribution area of balakka based on rainfall, lands cover and soil type. The data were collectedby observation. Distribution data are presented in the form of map using ArcView 3.3 Software. The results of the analysis showed that the common balakka was distributed in the rainfall region of 2000 – 2500 mm/year in dryland farming and the humic acrisols soil
Kajian Kualitas Air Sungai Condong yang terkena Buangan Limbah Cair Industri Batik Trusmi Cirebon
Get PDFThe aims of this study were to assess the water quality of the River Condong and Condong River Quality Statebased on physical, chemical and biological parameters. Sampling was carried out in seven stations with 3 repetitions at intervals of one month. Water quality were analyzed descriptively by reference raw Water Quality Standard. Determination of the stateof water quality using methods Storet. Results of laboratory tests showed that the water quality of the River Condong exceed the Water Quality Standard Group II based on Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001 and in particular textile waste quality standard TSS, DO, BOD5, COD, NH3, sulfide, Cr (VI), phenols, oils and fats, Biological parameters using makrobentos diversity index (H ') obtained a low value that is from 0 to 1.7077. Quality state based Storet method, the value of > -31. It can be concluded that the condition of physical, chemical and biological parameters, Condong River water showed waters not appropriate the Quality Standard for agricultural irrigation, freshwater fish breeding and infrastructure or water recreation facilities before and after the discharge of liquid waste of batik. Condong River quality state before and after the liquid waste of batik is heavily polluted
Molecular Analysis of Synedrela Nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. Resistance Against Fomesafen using RAPD Markers
Get PDFBoth morphological and protein studies reveal that differences are observed between resistant Synedrella nodiflora against fomesafen and its susceptible wildtype. These are, however, more or less influenced by environmental factors, so that molecular analysis employing DNA markers is necessarily required. The methods involved total genomic DNA extraction using modified CTAB protocol following Doyle & Doyle (1990), RAPD marker amplification and visualization of RAPD markers prior to data analysis. Ten RAPD markers were used, but only seven of them showed polymorphism. Calculation of genetic distance and variation was carried out employing PopGen software.Based on the RAPD markers used in this study, it can be concluded that genetic distance between susceptible and resistant S. nodiflora is higher than that within susceptible samples supporting our previous morphological and protein data, although genetic variation among susceptible individuals seems to be significantly high
Keanekaragaman dan Kemerataan Spesies Anggota Ordo Anura di Lereng Selatan Gunung Merapi Tahun 2012
Get PDFMerapi volcano as one of national park is an ecotourism site which is very potential to visit. Information about species diversity for a national park is very important especially if its area fluctuated susceptibly. Two years after 2010 Merapi eruption, there are no research about species diversity and evenness of Anuran in that place. The research is carried out during June-November 2012 which is dry season. The objective of this research is to study the species diversity and evenness of Anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi. The research is carried out in 6 locations; those are Kali Kuning, Telogo Muncar, Telogo Nirmolo, Petak Pitu, Bukit Turgo, and Bukit Plawangan. We used Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method combined with transect in Kali Kuning, Telogo Muncar, and Petak Pitu. VES method combined with time search in Telogo Nirmolo and Bukit Turgo. VES method combined with track exploration in Bukit Plawangan. Species diversity is analyzed with Shanon-Wiener diversity index. Species evenness is analyzed with Pielou evenness index. Total individuals each species is counted to know species abundance. Species diversity of anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi is consisted of 12 species’ which is distributed in 6 locations. The highest diversity and evenness of anuran is at Bukit Turgo (H’=1.31; E=0.94). The lowest diversity and evenness of anuran is at Petak Pitu (H’=0.49; E=0.3). Species diversity of anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi is low (Bukit Turgo and Kali Kuning) and very low (Bukit Plawangan, Telogo Muncar, Telogo Nirmolo, and Petak Pitu). Species evenness of anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi is stable (Telogo Nirmolo and Bukit Turgo), still labil (Bukit Plawangan, Kali Kuning, and Telogo Muncar), and oppressed (Petak Pitu)
Aktivitas Enzim Peroksidase dan Kadar Klorofil pada Daun Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus) sebagai Peneduh Jalan yang terpapar Timbal
Get PDFOne of emissions in the air that’s harmful to human health is lead ( Pb ). The negative effects caused by lead and then required solutions for reducing the metal, its called phytoremediation. The Plant which acts as an agent of phytoremediation is Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.). Research to find out the lead content in Angsana’s leaf at four locations, knowing the influence of exposure to lead against the activity of an enzyme peroxydases and chlorophyll content in the Angsana’s leaf. The location for collection of samples conducted in four location at Purwokerto (1) H.R Bunyamin, (2) Ovis Isdiman, (3) Gerilya, and (4) Dr. Soeharso. A method of the sample used purposive sampling. Sample were analysed using wet digestion method, then were analysed using Atomic Absorbance Spectrofotometer (AAS). The activity of peroxydases and levels of chlorophyll were analysed using spectrophotometer Uv Vis. Result showed that the lead content in Angsana’s leaf is 0,1 – 0, 25 mg/L, the activity of peroxidases is 600- 1250 unit/g and chlorophyll content is 9,0- 21,0 mg/L. The conclusion was no relations about chlorophyll content with levels of lead content and the relations about activity of enzymes peroxydases and lead content is low . Content of lead on Angsana’s leaf of research has been done do not reach 1000 mg/L
AKTIVITAS ENZIM SUPEROKSIDA DISMUTASE TIKUS DIABETES YANG DIBERI EKSTRAK DAUN KAPULAGA Amomum cardamomum
Get PDFDiabetes is a disease characterized by abnormal insulin secretion, production, and insulin resistance. This condition cause oxidative stress which produce radical anion superoxide and decrease superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. SOD is an antioxidant enzyme that can reduces anion superoxide which caused by diabetes. Many natural medicine are believed having the capacity to improve antioxidant status in the body. Cardamom’s leaf was reported containing flavonoids and vitamin C has been proven as in vitro antioxidant. However, there is no data that shows in vivo potency. This study was aimed to know the SOD activity of diabetic rats after treatment of cardamom’s leaf extract. This research used experimental method consist 2 treatment and 5 repetitions. First treatment was diabetic rats given a dose of 100mg/kg body mass of cardamom’s leaf extract (CLE) and second treatment was diabetic rats without CLE as control every day for 21 days. Blood sampling was performed 4 times : 0, 7, 14, 21 after treatment. Parameter measured were inhibition of ferricytokrom C reduction. Data were analyzed using unpaired t test. The result showed the highest SOD activity was 506.60 U/mg protein (P<0.01) in diabetic rats for 14 days CLE. The conclusions of this research are SOD activity increased after 14 days treatment of cardamom’s leaf extract
STUDI MORFOMETRI DAN TINGKAT HERBIVORI DAUN MANGROVE DI SEGARA ANAKAN CILACAP
Get PDFMangrove communities are part of the natural coastal ecosystems that have a vital role, such as the greatest source of organic material for the surrounding aquatic environment. A variety of ecological phenomenon often happens recently, either directly or indirectly affects the change of mangrove vegetations. Leaf is one of the plant organs that change shape according to the condition of the mangroves and the aquatic environment where the plant lives. The common changes of the leaves are the symmetry (morphometry), the size, and the shape. Mangrove leaves are also subjected to herbivory (predation), that will result in reduced leaf area of the photosynthesis and lowered the production of organic matter to the surrounding waters. This research aimed to determine the morphometric variation and herbivory rates of mangrove leaves at Segara Anakan Cilacap. Mangrove samples were Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia marina, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora apiculata, and Sonneratia caseolaris. The study used survey method with stratified random sampling technique. The results showed morphometric variations of the five species were three variations, while the average herbivory rate from highest to lowest were: Avicennia marina (7.46%), Sonneratia caseolaris (6.91%), Rhizophora apiculata (4.08%), Aegiceras corniculatum (3.42%) and Ceriops tagal (3.00%). The difference of age and species of leves affected the herbivory level
STUDI KEKERABATAN IKAN FAMILIA CYPRINIDAE YANG TERTANGKAP DI SUNGAI SERAYU KABUPATEN BANYUMAS
Get PDFCyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish that has quite a lot of valuable members and spread almost all over the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the number of fish of the family Cyprinidae in Serayu River and their relationships. This study used survey method with purposive random sampling. Research materials were members of Cyprinidae taken from the River Serayu Banyumas, which was the collection of Mrs. Dian Bhagawati. The sequence of this study included sample collection, sample preservation, sample observation in the laboratory, i.e., identification, determination of morphological characters and species name of fish and their relationships. Observed variables were morphological characters that included body shape, colors, fins specification, the total and standard length of the body, the shape of the lateral line, the shape of the caudal fin, the position of the mouth, body length, the height and width of the caudal peduncle. The data were then computed to get the coefficient of association among species (S), clustered using UPGMA Cluster Analysis as implemented in Numerical Taxonomy System (NTSYS) version 2.02i. The observed data were also descriptively analyzed based on phenogram obtained. The fish diversity recorded were eight species i.e., Puntius orphoides, Barbodes gonionotus, Osteochilus sp., Osteochilus vittatus, Osteochilus hasselti., Labiobarbus leptocheilus, Cyprinus carpio, and Rasbora sp.. The results showed that the closest relationship based on morphological characteristics was between Puntius orphoides and Rasbora sp. which had the greatest association coefficient of 0.8292. The smallest value of the association was followed by P. orphoides and Osteochilus sp. with the value of 0.3000. This study was expected to provide information of Cyprinid fish in Serayu River and their phenetic relationship
DEKOLORISASI LIMBAH BATIK MENGGUNAKAN LIMBAH MEDIUM TANAM Pleurotus ostreatus PADA WAKTU INKUBASI YANG BERBEDA
Get PDFThe batik waste industry is one source of water pollution. It must undergo treatment before discharge into the environment. Batik waste treatment technologies can be done biologically, chemically, physically, or combination of three processes. This research applied a combination of biology and physic technologies, namely used spent mushroom of Pleurotus ostreatus as the decolorization agent. Mycelium of P. ostreatus was used as biological agent, and cellulose from spent mushroom was used as physical agent. The aims of this research were to determine the effect of spent mushroom with variation incubation time on batik waste decolorization, and to know the optimum incubation time with highest decolorization batik waste percentage using spent mushroom of P. ostreatus. This research used experimental method with completely randomized design (CRD). The data obtained were statistically analyzed using Varian Test (ANOVA) on confidence level of 95% and 99% and continued with Honest Significant Difference Test (BNJ) with 95% confidence level. The result showed that variation incubation time treatment of batik waste decolorization used spent mushroom of P. ostreatus provide a highly signification effect on batik waste decolorization. The optimum incubation time was 60 hour (LW5), with decolorization percentage was 85,64%
PENGGUNAAN BEBERAPA MEDIUM SEMISINTETIK UNTUK PRODUKSI MISELIUM JAMUR MAITAKE (Grifola frondosa (Dickson: Fr.) S. F. Gray) ISOLAT CIANJUR DAN EKSTRAK KASARNYA
Get PDFResearch on the use of some semisynthetic medium for the production of fungal mycelium Maitake (Grifola frondosa (dickson: Fr.) SF Gray) isolates Cianjur and crude extract was performed with an incubation period of 30 days. This study aimed to determine the ability of green bean, cowpea and maize as an alternative material of semisynthetic medium for manufacturing G. frondosa’s mycelium and and to know the production of G. frondosa’s mycelium and the highest crude extract. This study was experimental study with a completely randomized design consisted of 4 treatments : Yeast Potato Dextrose Broth (PDYB) medium, Green bean Yeast Dextrose Broth (GbDYB) medium, Cowpea Yeast Dextrose Broth (CpDYB) medium and Corn Yeast Dextrose Broth (CDYB) medium. The highest average dry weight of mycelium (1,584 g/100ml) was GbDYB medium. The lowest average dry weight of the mycelium (g/100ml 0.244) was PDYB medium. The weight of the crude extract of mycelium in each treatment was lower than the dry weight. The highest weight of the crude extract was obtained from the GbDYB medium treatment (1,22 g) and the lowest was obtained from PDYB medium (0,113 g). Anova test results of different treatment was very significant, meaning that the use of extract of green bean, cowpea and maize greatly affected the growth of G.frondosa’s mycelium. The LSD test between treatment of PDYB medium and CDYB medium was not significant, meaning that the increase of mycelium’s growth on PDYB medium had no different with the CDYB medium