Publikasi Online Fakultas Biologi UNSOED (Universitas Jenderal Soedirman)
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Bioprospektif Perairan Berdasarkan Produktivitas : Studi Kasus Estuari Sungai Serayu Cilacap, Indonesia
Get PDFThe high changes of Serayu River land use is resulting the high of load particle sedimentation into the body of water. Turbidity will accumulate in the downstream or estuaries which would have an impact on biota, especially plankton as primary productivity and secondary productivity. This research is conducted with a survey method and purposive sampling technique. Estuary Serayu River is divided into 5 stations, starts from the nearest to the sea (1) with 26 ‰ salinity and the furthest stations from the sea (5) with 8 ‰ salinity. Samples of water and plankton are taken at the time of high tide and low tide every month, for 4 months (August, September, October, and November 2016). The obtained data is analyzed by PCA to study the environmental factors towards primary productivity and secondary productivity. Based on the research result environmental factors has relation waters estuary productivity of Serayu river on the highest and lowest tide those are lightness, level TSS and pH
Efektivitas Bacillus thuringiensis dalam Pengendalian Larva Nyamuk Anopheles sp.
Get PDFNyamuk Anopheles sp adalah vektor penyakit malaria. Pengendalian vektor penyakit malaria dapat dilakukan secara biologis yaitu dengan menggunakan Bacillus thuringiensis. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas konsentrasi Bacillus thuringiensis dalam pengendalian larva nyamuk Anopheles sp.Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RAL Faktorial) yang terdiri atas dua faktor yaitu konsentrasi Bacillus thuringiensis dan stadia larva Anopheles dengan pengulangan tiga kali.Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalahkonsentrasi Bacillus thuringiensis (A) yang terdiri atas 5 taraf:A0: konsentrasi B.thuringiensis 0 CFU.mL-1, A1: konsentrasi B.thuringiensis 102 CFU.mL-1, A2: konsentrasi B.thuringiensis 104 CFU.mL-1, A3: konsentrasi B.thuringiensis 106CFU.mL-1, A4: konsentrasi B.thuringiensis 108CFU.mL-1. Perlakuan tahapan instar larva Anopheles sp. (B) adalah sebagai berikut:B1: stadia larva instar I, B2: stadia larva instar II, B3: stadia larva instar III, B4: stadia larva instar IVsehingga terdapat 60 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi B. thuringiensis isolat CK dan IPB CC yang paling berpengaruh dalam pengendalian larva Anopheles sp adalah 108 CFU.mL-1 . Instar larva yang paling peka terhadap B. thuringiensis isolat IPB CC adalah instar I dan II sedangkan instar yang peka terhadap isolat CK adalah instar II, Perlakuan konsentrasi isolat B. thuringiensis dan tingkat instar larva yang paling baik dalam pengendalian larva Anopheles sp. adalah 108 CFU.mL-1, dan instar I dan II
PERBEDAAN PROFIL LIPID DAN KADAR ASAM URAT PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE II DENGAN DAN TANPA HIPERTENSI
Get PDFDiabetes Mellitus type 2 is the 7th world of death problem with the 95% proportion rate. Hypertension has also a correlation with this condition. The mortality of cardiovascular is 2-3 times over from diabetics with hypertension than diabetics with normotension which caused by lipid and aciduric disturbations. This study was conducted using cross-sectional design. Twenty-five sample of diabetics normotension and 25 sample of diabetics patient along with hypertension in Ajibarang Hospital District Banyumas and comply with inclusion-exclusion criteria were taken suing consecutive sampling. Data from the cholesterol and triglyceride total test were collected and analyzed with Mann-Whitney test. Additionally, HDL cholesterol and LDL was analyzed using T-Test. This Study showed that average total cholesterol from diabetics along with hypertension patients was in a range of 185.16 ± 36.59 and Diabetics patient without hypertension was 196.76 ± 44.62 (p = 0,503). Besides, the average rate of triglyceride level on diabetics patient with hypertension was 181.76 ±72.68 and diabetics patient along without hypertension was 180.28 ± 125.75 (p=0,367). The average rate of HDL cholesterol level on diabetics patient with hypertension was 39.12 ± 11.07 and diabetics patient along without hypertension was 42.37 ± 14.98 (p = 0,387). In addition, Average rate of LDL level on diabetics patient with hypertension was 112.57 ± 24.77 and diabetics patient along without hypertension was 118.33 ± 37.41 (p = 0,524). The average rate of uric acid on diabetics patient with hypertension was 6,120 ± 1,45 and diabetics patient along without hypertension was 5,768 ± 2,45 (p=0,200). As a conclusion, there is no difference with total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL cholesterol, and uric acid significant from diabetics patient with or without hypertension in Ajibarang Hospital District Banyumas in 2016
Keberhasilan Ginogenesis Ikan Tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus Blkr.) pada Dua Dosis Iradiasi UV (λ 254 nm) dengan Kejut Panas 40 C
Get PDFLaporan ini memverifikasi keberhasilan protokol tiga tahap ginogenesis tawes melalui inaktivasi genom jantan dengan iradiasi ultra violet (UV), fertilisasinya, dilanjutkan diploidisasi zigot dengan kejut panas (400 C) selama 60 detik. Eksperimen Rancangan Acak Lengkap, tujuh perlakuan yaitu, kontrol positif (fertilisasi normal); kontrol negatif1 telur difertilisasi dengan milt encer yang di UV 1983,348 J/m2; kontrol negatif2 dosis iradiasinya 3966,96 J/m2; ginogenesis1 kontrol negatif1 lalu dikejut panas pada 10 menit pasca fertilisasi; ginogenesis2 ginogenesis1 beda waktu kejut pada 15 menit pasca fertilisasi; ginogenesis3 kontrol negatif2 lalu dikejut pada 10 menit pasca fertilisasi; dan ginogenesis4 ginogenesis3 beda waktu kejut pada 15 menit pasca fertilisasi. Materi gamet segar diperoleh dari induk yang diinduksi GnRH analog dan domperindon dosis 1,5 ml/kg bobot induk intramuskuler, 6-10 jam sebelumnya. Milt segar diencerkan 100 x dalam larutan Ringer. Data dianalisis dengan uji Anova, menggunakan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa data fertilitas, data penetasan dan data kelangsungan hidup yang terbukti homogen (p>0,05), menunjukkan bahwa ketujuh perlakuan secara statistik fertilitas, penetasan, dan kelangsungan hidupnya tidak nyata (p>0,05) antar pelakuan. Data persentase morfologi larva abnormal tawes menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan yang dicobakan memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata (P<0,01). Secara keseluruhan dapat disimpulan bahwa, keempat perlakuan mitoginogenesis yang diujikan efektif menghasilkan larva mitoginogenesis ikan tawes walaupun efektifitasnya masih tergolong rendah. Efektivitas perlakuan dibuktikan dari signifikansi data morfologi larva abnormal dariklompok kontrol negatif membuktikan efektivitas dosis inaktivasi genetis jantan dan morfologi larva normal hasil perlakuan ginogenesis membuktikan efektivitas diploidisasi kejut panas tidak berbeda dari morfologi kontrol positif
Survei Nyamuk Culex spp. sebagai Vektor Filariasis di Desa Cisayong, Kecamatan Cisayong, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya
Get PDFFilariasis limfatik merupakan penyakit disebabkan oleh cacing filaria Wuchereria brancofti, Brugia malayi, dan Brugia timori yang menyerang saluran dan kelenjar getah bening. Cx. quinquefasciatus merupakan vektor filariasis bancrofti di daerah urban. Kecamatan Cisayong endemis filariasis dengan Microfilaria rate >1%. Eliminasi filariasis di Indonesia ditetapkan dua pilar kegiatan yaitu pemberian obat massal pencegahan filariasis (POMP filariasis) di daerah endemis dan pengendalian vektor. Pengendalian vektor dan potensi vektor dalam penularan filariasis dapat diketahui melalui berbagai hal diantaranya dengan mengetahui spesies Culex, infection rate, parity rate dan kepadatan larva Culex.Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui spesies nyamuk Culex, infection rate, parity rate, dan kepadatan larva nyamuk Culex. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode survei dengan teknik cluster sampling. Kelompok (Cluster) dalam penelitian ini yaitu RT berjumlah 39 RT yang ada di Desa Cisayong. Penangkapan sampel nyamuk dilakukan di 9 kelompok (RT) yang terpilih. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada malam hari pukul 18.00-00.00 WIB. Hasil penelitan menujukkan bahwa spesies Culex yang ditangkap di Desa Cisayog diantaranya Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. hutchinsoni , Cx. sitien , Cx. vishnui , Cx. pseudovishnui , Cx. tritaeniorhynchus dan Cx. gelidus, infection rate 0%, sementara itu, parity rate Cx. quinquefasciatus 66%, Cx. hutchinsoni 17%, Cx. sitien 68%, Cx. vishnui 55%, Cx. pseudovishnui 21%, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus 53%, dan Cx. gelidus 54%. Kepadatan larva Culex sp. yaitu 3,38/cidukan
Efek Ekstrak Daun Kembang Bulan (Tithonia diversifolia) terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang Diinduksi Alloxan
Get PDFDiabetes Mellitus merupakan penyakit metabolik yang ditandai kenaikan kadar gula darah atau hiperglikemia yang terjadi karena kelainan sekresi insulin atau kerja insulin. Alloxan menginduksi diabetes dengan merusak sel pankreas dan mengawali terjadinya hiperglikemia. Salah satu tumbuhan yang memiliki potensi obat dalam penurunan glukosa darah adalah daun Tithonia diversifolia yang mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan seskuiterpen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) menganalisis efek ekstrak daun kembang bulan terhadap kadar glukosa darah tikus wistar; dan (2) menentukan pemberian ekstrak daun kembang bulan yang memiliki pengaruh efektif dalam penurunan kadar glukosa darah tikus wistar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental yang sesungguhnya secara in vivo yang dilakukan di laboratorium. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah True Experimental-Post Test Only Control Group Design mengacu pada Sambrook & Russel. Sampel yang digunakan adalah tikus wistar sebanyak 25 ekor yang terbagi dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan dan 5 kali pengulangan yaitu P1 (kontrol negatif), P2 (kontrol positif), P3 (dosis 1,28 ml/200g BB), P4 (dosis2,57 ml/200g BB), dan P5 (dosis 5,14 ml/200g BB). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah One-way ANOVA dilanjutkan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada efek ekstrak daun kembang bulan terhadap kadar glukosa darah tikus wistar. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa daun kembang bulan memiliki efek antidiabetes atau berperan sebagai antihiperglikemik pada pemberian dosis sebesar 5,14 ml/200g BB dengan rata-rata 136,8 mg/dl.
Pengaruh Pemberian Mikoriza Vesikula Arbuskula (MVA) Campuran terhadap Kemunculan Penyakit Layu Fusarium pada Tanaman Melon (Cucumis melo L.)
Get PDFMelon (Cucumis melo L.) has economic potential to be cultivated because the fruit contains protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, phosphor, fiber, iron, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, and niacin. Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum will decrease melon crop production. One of controlling method to Fusarium wilt diseases on melon plants which safe for environtmental by using biological control. One of microorganisms which can be biological control agent is Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM). This research use experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The experimental treatment consists of two types of treatment which combine 5 doses of VAM mixture ( 0 g/plant, 10 g/plant, 12,5 g/plant, 15 g/plant, 17,5 g/plant) and two inoculation method VAM is inoculated when seeds are planted and inoculation when the seedlings are replanted. Each treatment was repeated 3 times and each unit consist of three plant, so there are 30 units of experiments or 90 plants. The main variabels are observed consist of the incubation periode of the disease and the intensity of fusarium wilt and the supporting variabels consist of pH, temperature, humidity, and the scale of infection. The mixed MVA 15 g/plant dosage inoculated when seeds are planted and 15 g/plant dosage inoculated when the seedlings are replanted is the most effective to suppress incubation period of Fusarium wilt disease
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS IKAN DI SUNGAI BATANG GADIS MANDAILING NATAL SUMATERA UTARA
Get PDFBatang Gadis River, located in Mandailing Natal, faces a severe threat by the increase of human activities along the river. The fish community, as well as other biotas, is exposed to reducing environmental condition. Therefore, the study of fish community in this river is essential to get the most recent condition as a baseline data. The purpose of this research was to determine the species diversity of fish in Batang Gadis River of Mandailing Natal. This research used a descriptive exploratory method by surveying with purposive sampling method to collect samples at four specified stations. This study used a fishing net with a zig-zag pattern of sampling covered the river bank for about 200–300m at each observation station. The collected fish samples were identified at the Biology Laboratory of the University of Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan. This study found ten species of fish from five families. The family with the most significant members was Cyprinidae (6 species), and the other families, Bagridae, Clariidae, Nemachelidae, and Loricariidae, were found with only one species. The species diversity comprised of Rasbora lateristriata, Nemacheilus fasciatus, Mystacoleucus marginatus, Tor tambra, Cyprinus carpio, Clarias bathracus, Rasbora argyrotaenia , Barbonymus gonionotus, Puntius binotatus, Bagrus nemurus, and Pterygoplichthys pardalis. The fish population of Batang Gadis River has diversity index (H’) of 1.77 and similarity index (E) of 0.77
STRUKTUR DAN VEGETASI TUMBUHAN BAWAH PADA TEGAKAN PINUS DI RPH KALIRAJUT DAN RPH BATURRADEN BANYUMAS
Get PDFA study on the undergrowth vegetation within the pine woods (Pinus merkusii) stands conducted in RPH Kalirajut and RPH Baturraden. This study aimed to find out the composition of the shrubs of the pine woods stands on those two sites with different altitude and to figure out the similarity of the herbs of the pine woods stands on those two locations with the different height. This study applied quadrat sampling technique, using 30 units of 2 x 2 m quadrats divided into ten sub–transects along the main transect. We measured environmental factors including elevation, temperature, light intensity, and pH of the soil. We found undergrowth vegetation in RPH Kalirajut comprised of 32 species belonging to 20 families, dominated by Ottochloa nodosa, Oplismenus compositus, and Cynodon dactylon. On the other site, we found undergrowth vegetation in RPH Baturraden composed of 19 species belonging to 20 families and dominated by Wedelia trilobata, Paspalum conjugatum, and Clidemia hirta. The similarity of the herbs vegetation measured of those two sites was 30.85% or 69.15% different
THE MONITORING OF MANGROVE VEGETATION COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN SEGARA ANAKAN CILACAP FOR THE PERIOD OF 2009 AND 2015
Get PDFOver-exploitation and land-use conversion into aquaculture ponds have damaged the mangrove ecosystem. The extreme environment condition resulting in sedimentation led to the reduction of lagoon area and eventually of mangrove vegetation community. It was, therefore, necessary to conduct sustainable mangrove management through the monitoring system. Changes in the mangrove community were monitored periodically by evaluating width changes and land cover distribution. This study aimed to monitor the structure of mangrove community and changes occurring for the period of 2009 and 2015 by applying the purposive sampling method. The samples were mangrove vegetation community at several different locations. The samples were taken from nine stations with three replicates. There were 14 species of mangrove from six families. Mangrove trees were mostly found in the western area, while mangrove sapling and seedling mostly found in the east. Most of the stations showed a moderate level of diversity index and good productivity except station four. Mangrove forest in Segara Anakan had significant changes from 2009 up to 2015 due to the reduction of mangrove diversity