Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sriwijaya: Open Journal Systems
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The Reform of the Procedural Religious Court Law Based on Islamic Law in Indonesian Legal System
Get PDFThe history of the development of religious courts and the inner atmosphere struggle of Muslims in Indonesia which faced the state’s political force in the New Order era has brought forth the religious procedural law. Article 54 of The 1989 Law No.7 stated that "the applicable law in the Religious Courts are applicable procedural law in the General Court, except those specifically regulated in this law." Philosophically, the Western law both civil substantive law (Burgerlijke Wetboek) and formal law/civil procedure (HIR and Rbg), prepared using the approach of individualism, secular, the optical properties of the nature legal dispute was seen as objects (Zaak) which is sheer material. While the substantive law in religious courts is the law derived from Islamic law that stem from philosophical values of Islam. So, the presence of the Religious Courts in the scope of judicial in Indonesia still raises problems, including: Why is the western law of civil procedure which promote the value of materialism and formal correctness adopted into religious procedural law, whereas the philosophical orientation is not aligned with the substantive law based on Islamic law, and what are the efforts to reform the reformulation of procedural law of religious courts
TRADE LIBERALIZATION AND CONSUMER VULNERABILITY: A LEGAL FRAMEWORK ON LEGISLATIONS AND TESTING MECHANISM FOR ASEAN PRODUCT SAFETY DIRECTIVE
Get PDFSince its inception in 1967 ASEAN has advanced in great leaps in the economic sector luring new member states into its pact. From a mere five member states (Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore and the Philippines) ASEAN has today managed to entice five other neighbouring states (Brunei 1984, Vietnam 1995, Laos & Myanmar 1997, Cambodia 1999) into its pact transforming itself into union of ten member states with a consumer population expected to exceed 600 million people. In order to ensure sustainability amid global challenges, member states have engrossed ASEAN Charter in 2007 with a view of creating an ASEAN Economic Community by 2015 that is robust, competitive and sustainable. At this juncture, ASEAN has to realize that like any trade liberalization initiatives, goods moved readily and freely throughout the free-trade area that is facilitated by a lucrative non-barrier tariffs incentives. This vision of a single market which creates a frontier without borders can prove to be advantageous to member states only if they have the required vehicle that is able to overcome the drawback of its progression through harmonization and synchronization efforts that is effective and successful. Like everything else, every advantage has some disadvantages attached to it. This article will address important determining factors that are crucial in the development and scope of proposed ASEAN Product Safety Directive including reviewing relevant determining factors such as regional stability, consumer protection legislations and standard and testing agencies of which one without the other will be incomplete. The proposals suggested in this article will strengthen and unite ASEAN in overcoming unsafe product issues at ASEAN level
Legal Status of Credit Bank Guarantee in Indonesia’s Legal Guarantee
No full textThe aim of this research is to analyze about the legal status of the letter hiring as collateral for bank loans in the Indonesian security law. The method of this research is a normative juridical. The results of this research indicate that the decree hiring is not included in the objects that can be bound by pledge, fiduciary, and mortgage then hiring decree hiring is not included in the personal guarantee and corporate guarantee. Although the hiring decree is issued by a legitimate institution, the institution is not bound by an agreement between the debtor debts with the bank but when the decree was used as security for the bank. Hiring letter is not also included in the general collateral. Decree hiring is not an object and does not qualify as material that can be used as general collateral. The conclusion of this research is that the position of the decree hiring as collateral for bank loans is a new form of guarantee which is not included in the general guarantees and the specific ones. This shows that the system of legal guarantees in Indonesia is not pure anymore embrace a closed system, but has started shifting into an open system
RESEARCH-BASED ENVIRONMENTAL LAW: THE DEBATE BETWEEN ECOLOGY VERSUS DEVELOPMENT
Get PDFNowadays, economic growth continues to be driven not followed by equity and justice compliance.Cases of natural resources looting, pollution and environmental destruction, forest fires and illegal mining, as well as the neglect of the rights of indigenous peoples, into a series of major issues and need study are not limited to mono-discipline approach. A research in the field of management and protection of natural resources and environment are more important to be used as a basic study was a paradigm shift from all stakeholders and policy-makers to synergize the importance of ecological with various dimensions. To realize the balance of ecological and development (economic) interests, have been used a wide variety of approach to environmental management in Indonesia, includes, command and control, self-regulation, voluntarism, education and information instruments, and economic instruments. As it turns out in practice, however it needed more consistent policies in applying the principles of sustainable development for the control and utilization of environmental resources
LEGAL PROTECTION AGAINST WOMEN VICTIMS BY THE INDONESIAN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ACT 23, 2004
Get PDFDomestic Violence, particularly against women is a social phenomenon which tends to increase from year to year and even from day to day. Many countries enacted special legislation to protect women from domestic violence based on the United Nation Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women (CEDAW). Indonesia adopted the conventions based on the Indonesian Act No. 7 of 1984 on the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, and issued Presidential Decree No. 9 of 1998 concerning the Commission on Violence against Women. Indonesia then enacted special legislation on domestic violence in 2004, namely Domestic Violence Act 23, 2004. This paper aims to understand how the Domestic Violence Act 23, 2004 protects women victims of domestic violence. The sources of law study are the basic rules and regulations, international conventions which have binding force legally. This is a library research using normative judicial approach, and the analysis is descriptive qualitative. The legal protection of women victims of domestic violence is an obligation, especially for countries that uphold human rights, because of the domestic violence constitutes crimes against humanity that are outstanding. This crime happens at any time either known or not, so it is described as an iceberg phenomenon. In addition, because this matter is private, many people do not want to intervene the matter. The strong culture of not interfering ones’ affairs also influences the police in law enforcement. Police often gives less respect for the report of the victims, and even ask the victims to go back to her husband or famil
The Enforcement of Criminal Law in the Utilization and Management of Forest Area Having Impact Toward Global Warming
Get PDFThe rampant corruption is in the utilization and its influence on global warming. It is expected in the future, in addition to the availability of maps of forest area easily accessible with some clear regional boundaries, there are also institutional and human resource capacity strengthening in the areas permitting the process to prevent corruption in the management of forest areas in Indonesia resulted in the destruction of natural resources, especially forests. Various activities in that sector become a critical point of the occurrence of corruption cases. In addition to the inadequacy of the forest area maps, unclear set of area boundaries, and the violations of licensing criteria, the cases of illegal logging become the factors that cause damages to the forest land in Indonesia. The purpose of this paper is to find out the relationship between corruption in the permitting conversion of forest land field of the ministry. The method used in this study was descriptive analytical research describing and analyzing the available facts in accordance with the issue that became the object of the research study
The Role of Public Notary in Providing Legal Protection on Standard Contracts for Indonesian Consumers
Get PDFPublic Notary is needed in conducting businesses of varying sectors. For example, people who want to own a house through a bank with House Ownership Loan (Kredit Pemilikan Rumah - KPR). Quite similar to a purchase of common loan contracts, the purchase of KPR contract is formulated into a standard contract. Its contents and clauses have been previously prepared by the bank. Then, bank customers as debtors only have the option to accept the entire contents and clauses of the KPR contract, otherwise they will not be granted KPR loan. As the consequence, the position of banks as lenders and customers as debtors are never equal. Debtors are powerless and have to comply with the content of the contract. This research discusses the protection given by notary in the drafting process of standard contract based on Law No 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection (Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen - UUPK) and Law No. 2 of 2014 on the Rules of Notary Profession (Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris - UUJN). The result of the study showed that a public notary has a strong foundation to protect consumers’ rights according to the UUPK. An application of this, among others, the notary’s refusal has to include the entire content of the KPR agreement into a deed before s/he could examine whether the two parties of the agreement occupy an equal position and have proportionate power. For instance, in the transfer of responsibility clause from a bank as a business owner – a notary is entitled to advise the bank that its activity has violated the UUPK. If the bank insists that the clause is instructed by its central bank, the notary can help explain that the revision of the clause will help the Bank avoid the violation of UUPK
Upaya Penegakan Hukum Pidana Terhadap Tindak Pidana Penambangan Timah Ilegal di Provinsi Bangka Belitung
Get PDFProvinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung merupakan salah satu Provinsi penghasil timah.Kegiatan penambangan timah yang dilakukan di provinsi ini mayoritas dilakukan dengan tanpa izin atau ilegal, sehingga menyebabkan kerugian terhadap berbagai sektor, seperti keuangan negara dan juga kerusakan lingkungan. Di dalam penelitian ini akan dibahas mengenai Upaya Penegakan Hukum Pidana dalam Menanggulangi Penambangan Timah Illegal di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Dengan menggunakan metodelogi yuridis empiris, dengan menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder.Dalam rangka penegakan hukum pidana menanggulangi tindak pidana penambangan timah illegal, dalam hal ini Pihak kepolisian melakukan razia dan penertiban di wilayah hukumnya masing-masing. Dalam hal ini Pihak Kepolisian melakukan razia dan penertiban terhadap penambangan timah illegal, razia ini dilakukan bersama Pemerintah Daerah setempat dan Sat Pol PP dan melakukan penyitaan terhadap alat operasi kegiatan tambang tersebut untuk dijadikan barang bukti.Pertambangan timah illegal di Bangka Belitung telah menimbulkan berbagai macam dampak negatif, baik terhadap masyarakat, lingkungan, dan bahkan Negara. Oleh karena itu, akan jauh lebih baik apabila praktek penambangan timah illegal tidak terjadi lagi di masa yang akan datang.Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh penulis, terdapat beberapa upaya yang diharapkan dapat menghentikan praktek pertambangan timah secara illegal di Bangka Belitung, yang harus dilakukan oleh semua pihak, baik Pemerintah, Aparat Penegak Hukum, Perusahaan Swasta, maupun masyarakat lokal itu sendiri. Upaya-upaya yang dapat dilakukan dibagi menjadi Upaya Penal dan Upaya Non Penal
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak Pekerja Perempuan di Bidang Ketenagakerjaan
Get PDFAsas yang mendasari hak bagi perempuan diantaranya hak perspektif gender dan anti diskriminasi dalam artian bahwa perempuan memiliki hak yang seperti kaum laki-laki dalam bidang pendidikan, hukum, pekerjaan, politik, kewarganegaraan dan hak dalam perkawinan serta kewajibannya. Perempuan mempunyai atas perlindungan yang khusus sesuai dengan fungsi reproduksinya sebagaimana diatur pada pasal 11 ayat (1) CEDAW huruf f bahwa hak atas perlindungan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja termasuk usaha perlindungan terhadap fungsi reproduksi. Para wanita boleh bekerja dalam berbagai bidang, di dalam ataupun di luar rumahnya, baik secara mandiri maupun bersama orang lain, dengan lembaga pemerintah ataupun swasta, selama pekerjaan tersebut dilakukannya dalam suasana terhormat dan sopan, selama mereka dapat memelihara agamanya, serta dapat menghindari dampak-dampak negatif dari pekerjaan tersebut terhadap diri dan lingkungannya. Pada umumnya pemberian hak bagi perempuan sama dengan hak-hak lain seperti yang telah disebutkan dalam pasal-pasal Undang-Undang Hak-Hak Asasi Manusia namun dengan alasan tadi maka lebih dipertegas lagi. Perlindungan buruh diatur di dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan Pasal 67 sampai dengan Pasal 101 meliputi perlindungan buruh penyandang cacat, anak, perempuan, waktu kerja, keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja, pengupahan dan kesejahteraan. Namun demikian, perempuan sendiri masih belum banyak yang sadar bahwa hak-haknya dilindungi dan bahwa hal tersebut mempunyai pengaruh terhadap kehidupan perempuan. CEDAW memerintahkan kepada seluruh negara di dunia untuk tidak melakukan diskriminasi terhadap perempuan. Dasar hukum atas hak tersebut dalam instrumen internasional dapat ditemukan dalam Pasal 23 DUHAM, Pasal 6 ayat (1), 7 dan Pasal 8 ayat 1 butir (a) dan (b) Konvensi Internasional tentang Hak-Hak Ekonomi Sosial dan Budaya, dimana didalamnya diatur hak-hak seseorang atas suatu profesi dan pekerjaan yang berlaku bagi semua orang. Dan pada Pasal 11 CEDAW, Pasal 3 Konvensi tentang Hak-Hak Politik Perempuan, dapat ditemukan adanya perlindungan hak tersebut yang diberlakukan lebih khusus kepada semua perempuan. Dalam instrumen nasional mengenai hal ini dapat ditemukan dalam Pasal 76 Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan dan Pasal 49 (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang HAM. Dalam Pasal 49 (1) UU HAM disebutkan bahwa â€Wanita berhak untuk memilih, dipilih, diangkat dalam pekerjaan, jabatan, dan profesi sesuai dengan persyaratan dan peraturan perundang-undanganâ€