Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sriwijaya: Open Journal Systems
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KEKUATAN PEMBUKTIAN SURAT PENGAKUAN HAK ATAS TANAH YANG DIKETAHUI OLEH LURAH DAN CAMAT
No full textAbstract : Thesis entitled “Strength of Evidence Letter Recognition of Rights (SPH) known by the Village Heads†examine Letter Recognition of Rights (SPH) known by the Village Heads is a form of the physical control of land. Therefore, as a form of administration that has something to do with a verification tool which evidence is to prove the possesion of a land. The proof here is the physical possesion of a land recognized equivalent, by decree of The Minister of Agrarian incurred as a village chief adjudication team. The strength of Letter Recognition of Rights is seen from various evidence has been qualified as evidence in accordance with those contained in the Civil Code of the Act (vide Article 1874 of the Civil Code), where the existence of a written statement, the witness, the recognition of the parties and the elements contained in the evidence as well as the strength of evidence under the hand. The existence of A Letter Recognition of Rights as a deed under the hand is as the basis for the issuance of certificates recognized in Government Regulation Number 24 of year 1997 on Land Registration, although the deed under the hand does not have legal force but it can be used as the base in the issuance of certificates and can have the power of legal evidence in court of law. Keywords : Strength of Evidence, Letter Recognition of Land Rights, Village Head
Pengaturan Hak Transit Negara Daratan Dalam Hukum Internasional
Get PDFDi dunia adalah sekitar 44 negara daratan yang sebagian besar negara-negara daratan masuk kategori “Landlocked Developing Countries/LLDCsâ€. Negara-negara daratan ini tidak memiliki akses ke dan dari laut, tetapi harus melalui wilayah negara transit. Berdasarkan temuan, suatu negara daratan menikmati hak transit melalui wilayah negara transit dari dan ke kawasan laut. Hak transit negara daratan diatur dalam UNCLOS 1982 dan Konvensi New York 1965. Sebelumnya, hak negara daratan diatur dalam Statuta Barcelona 1921, GATT 1948 dan Konvensi Jenewa 1958. Perjanjian-perjanjian ini masih bersifat global, maka diperlukan pengaturan secara detail dan teknis dalam perjanjian bilateral, sub-regional dan regional antara negara-negara terkait. Oleh sebab itu, antara negara daratan dengan negara tranit, perlu menindaklanjuti dalam perjanjian bilateral, sub-regional berkenaan dengan:bea-cukai, pajak atau pungutan-pungutan;zona bebas atau kemudahan bea cukai lainnya di pelabuhan negara di negara transit; serta pembangun dan perbaikan alat pengangkutan. Dalam pada itu, masyarakat internasional perlu memperhatikan kepentingan dari negara daratan-negara daratan yang masuk kategori sedang berkembang
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pemegang Merek Dagang Asing Dalam Era Perdagangan Bebas di Indonesia
Get PDFMerek merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam dunia bisnis. Merek produk baik jasa maupun barang tertentu yang sudah menjadi terkenal dan laku di pasar cenderung membuat produsen maupun pengusaha lainnya memacu produknya bersaing dengan produk terkenal lainnya, bahkan dalam hal ini cenderung terjadi pertarungan yang tidak sehat. Merek sebagai tanda pengenal atau tanda pembeda dapat menggambarkan jaminan kepribadian (individuality) dan reputasi barang dan jasa hasil usahanya sewaktu diperdagangkan. Seiring dengan perkembangan globalisasi dan perdagangan bebas (free market), merek asing memegang peranan yang penting dalam meningkatkan perekonomian untuk itu diperlukan perlindungan hukum dan pengaturan yang memadai sesuai Undang-undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2001 Tentang Merek. Kebutuhan adanya perlindungan hukum atas merek asing semakin diperlukan setelah adanya kasus peniruan. Perlindungan merek dagang milik orang asing merupakan konsekuensi dari persetujuan TRIPs (Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) yang merupakan bagian dari persetujuan pembentukan organisasi perdagangan dunia yaitu WTO (World Trade Organizaton) yang merupakan salah satu hasil Perundingan Uruguay. Perlunya perlindungan hukum terhadap merek karena merek mempunyai nilai ekonomi atas suatu barang atau jasa yang menunjukkan kualitas suatu barang dan jasa tertentu dalam perdagangan, dan membedakan dengan barang dan jasa sejenis milik orang lain. Perlindungan merek dagang asing dapat dilakukan dengan dua cara yaitu, upaya preventif dan upaya represif
CLIMATE CHANGE AND COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS: ARE THEY CORRELATED?
Get PDFClimate change and global warming affect major change in freshwater availability and season uncertainty which hamper all part of the globe. Although the phenomenon is not new but it needs concerns from all the government of States around the world to address the problem. If notthe drought and water shortages will directly and indirectly be the world problem and finally will ignite conflict over resources.Pollution and environmental degradation will also affect the sustainability of community’s economic activities. In Indonesia, since the enforcement of the first Environmental Management Act of 1982 up to the third Environmental Management Act of 2019, there have been forty one conflicts involving community and industries and palm plantation companies. All the conflicts are brought before the courts. Herein, industries and plantations are blamed for responsible for river water pollution and environmental degradation. Unfortunately, there is very little information in Indonesia obtained from the research reports, journals, news papers, magazines whether climate change and global warming also responsible for the occurrence of community environmental conflict. From the second data sources obtained from outsite Indonesia it is found that there is a link between climate change and community environmental disputes. The objectives of this paper tryto examine whether the cases submitted and solved by the District Courtsalso have some connection with the climate change phenomenon. Other objectives are to recommend to the Government of Indonesia to strengthen the existing regulations dealing with the climate chang
IMPROVING LEGAL ARGUMENT CRITICALLY IN THE LITIGATION MECHANISM IN INDONESIA (AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL VERDICTS)
Get PDFLegal argument is a debate or argument in explaining the issues between two or more people performed in court. Legal argument is one way to perform law finding with the purpose to avoid legal vacuum when the judge makes a legal reasoning in a verdict. In making a legal argument, it is at least performed by legal reasoning, logic, facts. However, some judges, in making a decision, did not use the legal arguments by legal reasoning and facts so that it resulted in debates and arguments. It is interesting to study on how to build legal argument in the litigation mechanism in Indonesia. Some verdicts in Indonesia have been the debate among the public through social media, by both academic and non-academic communities, because they were not based on the legal facts revealed at the trials and not in favor of the public sense of justice. Some of the examples are the verdict in the case of the environmental lawsuits of Lapindo Brantas Mud in Sidoarjo, the case verdict in Palembang District Court on the lawsuit filed by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry on forest fires and land concessions of PT. Bumi Mekar Hijau in 2014. From the decisions, it turned out that the judges, in making the legal arguments for their decisions, had deviated from the analogy and were not based on the existing legal facts. In building legal arguments, it would have to be conducted by collecting data (evidence) and clear fact so that its solutions do not deviate from the rules of la
THE TRAJECTORY OF INDIGENEITY POLITICS AGAINST LAND DISPOSSESSION IN INDONESIA
Get PDFUnder the New Order authoritarian regime, the state endorsed terra-nullification of the customary territories had been the basis for the stipulation of state forest (hutan negara).After the fall of the General Suharto led regime in 1998 generated a new phase for the struggles of the customary groups in different parts of the archipelago. This article examines the rise of indigeneity and counter-hegemonic indigenous legal maneuvering spearheaded by Aliansi Masyarakat Adat Nusantara (AMAN) against ongoing land dispossession in Indonesia since the fall of New Order authoritarian regime which includes the indigenous mobilizations (strategy, organization and tactics) in the post-authoritarian country, including the avenue of new types of legal activism when it comes to the creative destruction of global capitalism today. It focuses on two modes of policy advocacy and campaign against land dispossession: (a) the production of the Constitutional Court Ruling No. 35/PUU-X/2012, a new legal landmark that establishes the constitutional norm of the citizenship status of Indonesian indigenous peoples (masyarakat hukum adat) as rights bearing subjects, and the owners of their customary territory; and (b) the National Inquiry on Indigenous Peoples’ Rights held by the Indonesian National Human Rights Commission (Komnas HAM). The discussion describes The Colonialism of ‘State-Izing’ Customary Communities’ Territory, Contemporary Indigeneity Politics in Indonesia, Counter-Hegemonic Indigenous Legal Maneuvering, Judicial Review against The1999 Law No. 41on Forestry, National Inquiry on Indigenous Peoples’ Rights, and Connecting Counter-Hegemonic Indigenous Legal Maneuvering with the Grassroots Struggles which focuses on Mobilizing at Multiple Scales. It is concluded from this article that the efficacy of legal struggles is very much depend on the capacity to connect with the grassroots mobilization by continuously promulgating the resurgence of indigeneity politics against the destructive impacts of corporatized state under the servitude of global capitalism, the indigenous movement constituents in Indonesi
The Implementation of Non-Refoulement Principle to the Asylum Seekers and Refugees in Indonesia
Get PDFThe expulsion of refugees, either by the state party or by the non-state party to the 1951 Refugee Convention or countries has protracted the refugees’ suffering. Some countries which are the parties to the 1951 Convention even drive out the refugees to outside their national territory for reasons that the refugees were threatening national security or disturbing public order in the country. In the discussion, it is found that firstly, the principle of non-refoulement is a jus cogen and has become customary international law. The non-refoulement principle has legal binding power to both the State party and the non-State party to the 1951 Refugee Convention. Secondly, according to Article 32 paragraph 1 of the 1951 Convention, the implementation of the principle of non-refouelement is not absolute. Exceptions can only be made if the refugees concerned become a threat to national security and disturb public. Thirdly, Indonesia has not yet the State Party to the Refugee Convention of 1951 but Indonesia is subject to the principle of non-refouelement. This is because (i) Indonesia has ratified the Convention against Torture, the Fourth Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Person in Time of War and the ICCPR/International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (set on the principle of non-refoulement), (ii) the obligation of the state to rule of customary international law (based on the moral and ethical aspects of the enforcement of international law), and (iii) there is legal instrument issued by the government related to the principle of the principle of non-refouelement; Fourth, there is no written sanctions imposed on Indonesia if violations of international law are with regard to the refugee problems
Informed Consent As The Agreement In Therapeutic Contract Between Physician and Patient
Get PDFThe legal relationship between physician and patient in medical service is known as therapeutic contract. The therapeutic contract between physician/dentist and patient is based on two basic human rights, the right to self determination and the right to information. The principle of informed consent in medical service is based on the two basic human rights. In order to respect the patient’s autonomy there are five elements should be considered when executing the informed consent procedure. Those elements are competency, freedom, information, decision, and authorization. In the perspective of law of agreement informed consent as the patients’s agreement is a prerequirement in therapeutic contract that should be given based on patien’s freewill
Eksistensi Komunitas Penghayat di Persimpangan : Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Konstitusional Sebagai Warga Negara (Suatu Refleksi Renungan Normatif dan Praktis)
Get PDFTak dapat diingkari bahwa dampak penjajahan kolonialisasi selama puluhan tahun di nusantara ini menyebabkan bangsa (nation) ini kehilangan jati diri peradaban nya dan tidak berkepribadian dalam budaya serta masih kuatnya pengaruh pemikiran dan perspektif “luar†dalam penyusunan kebijakan hukum telah menggerus nilai-nilai kearifan lokal (local wisdom) dalam hidup dalam masyarakat, seperti musyawarah, gotong royong, ritus kepercayaan sebagai bentuk persahabatan dengan alam. Artikel ini membahas tentang kondisi nyata yang sedang terjadi pada masyarakat penghayat di Indonesia, berkaitan dengan impian akan akses pada keadilan serta pengakuan dari negara terhadap keyakinan mereka dalam sistem kependudukan yang baru, yaitu e-KTP. Ketiadaan pilihan keyakinan (religi) di dalam isian data kependudukan elektronik, berdampak pada ketidaknyamanan mereka untuk mengakses hak warga negara (citizen rights) yang dilindungi oleh konstitusi Republik Indonesia. Terhadap persoalan tersebut, tulisan ini akan membahasnya menjadi beberapa ulasan, yaitu tentang perlindungan kebebasan beragama, Sistem Informasi Administrasi Kependudukan dan antotasi solusi atas persoalan yang terjadi
Kedudukan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Dalam Struktur Ketatanegaraan Indonesia Pasca Amandemen UUD 1945
Get PDFSetelah amandemen UUD 1945 lembaga perwakilan di Indonesia terdiri dari tiga, yaitu MPR, DPR, dan DPD. Kedudukan ketiga lembaga perwakilan ini secara jelas diatur dalam pasal-pasal yang terdapat pada amandemen UUD 1945. Masing-masing lembaga perwakilan tersebut mempunyai tugas, fungsi, dan kewenangan tersendiri yang diatur pula dalam amandemen UUD 1945, termasuk MPR. Kewenangan ketiga lembaga perwakilan itu berbeda satu sama lain dan ada perbedaannya dengan kewenangannya sewaktu UUD 1945 belum diamandemen, terutama MPR. Diantara ketiga lembaga perwakilan tersebut, kedudukan dan kewenangan MPR dalam struktur ketatanegaraan Indonesia pasca amandemen UUD 1945 yang paling banyak mengalami perubahan. MPR tidak lagi menjadi lembaga tertinggi negara dan wewenangnya tidak lagi “sekuat†pada saat UUD 1945 belum diamandemen. Semua ini merupakan konsekuensi dari diperkuatnya sistem pemerintahan presidensial Indonesia yang menerapkan checks and balances antar lembaga negara, sehingga kedudukan semua lembaga negara, termasuk lembaga perwakilan sejajar dan tidak ada yang lebih tinggi