Tema. Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment (University of Naples)
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A GIS Approach to Supporting Nightlife Impact Management: The Case of Milan
No full textFollowing the increasing liberalisation of commercial activities, which have taken place in the last few decades, the power of municipal authorities to schedule retail and leisure-based businesses has been reduced in its spatial extent; it now applies only to specific ‘Protection Zones’ (Zone da sottoporre a tutela). In these areas, due to environmental, social and/or traffic sustainability reasons, the freedom of private business is limited by the need to respect the right of residents to normal liveability and mobility standards. This paper describes a research by Laboratorio URB&COM (Politecnico di Milano), aimed at supporting the City of Milan in detecting those spatial contexts whose conditions suggest the application of a specific regulation, in order to control nightlife leisure’s negative externalities. A GIS-based analysis approach has proved fundamental in defining an objective and transparent evaluation path, towards the mapping of critical areas where regulation is needed. In addition, within the proposal of policy monitoring methods, a particular approach has been suggested, based entirely on the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
Achieving Smart Energy Planning Objectives. The Approach of the Transform Project
No full textCities play a dual role in the field of energy and integrated planning. They function as institutional planning and decision making bodies and interfere as actors, e.g. as project developers or launching customers. In the first case their attempts at integrated plans are often unsuccessful in integrating vision, goals and instruments of all stakeholders so that waste, water, energy cycles, urban planning and budgets proceed with no connection to each other. TRANSFORM Project “Transformation Agenda for Low Carbon Cities” (FP7) tries to improve the integrated energy policy and decision making process of cities, both at a strategic and operational level, by providing the cities with a framework based on overall planning experiences and on-the-field projects and qualitative and quantitative analysis support models. The project intends also to make a step further in the quality of research, by providing a replicable and tested framework for the production of a strategic Transformation Agenda for the city as a whole, combined with district Implementation Plans
Planning Un-Sustainable Development of Mezzogiorno. Methods and Strategies for Planning Human Sustainable Development
No full textGrowing like “wildfire”, traffic congestion, the spread of pollution, the inefficiency of the services, the chaotic mix of land uses, lack of green are some of the features, unfortunately now become familiar in cities across the world. This is an interesting time for both examine the tools available to urban planners expression of for the analysis and definition of policies both to see how they have adapted to the new conditions. A betterenvironment and qualitylandscapes are necessary conditions for attractinginvestments, assets and people. But they are not sufficient. It shouldalsobe a social and humanlandscapequality to trigger local development. For example, consider the network of "slow city". It was founded as a cultural and proposal of new lifestyle. But that possesses significant practical implications in terms of more balanced regional development, because polycentric. The same report city / country is improved by slow development of these practices. They are able to reduce the depopulation and activities to the centers of larger size, reducing costs (congestion, agglomeration, overuse of resources) both in the areas of concentration in the internal ones (better use of resources, maintenance / control of the territory, etc.)
Marginality Phenomena and New Uses on the Agricultural Land. Diachronic and Spatial Analyses of the Molise Coastal Area
No full textThis paper analyzes the evolution of land use in the Molise Region. The attention is focused on the changes that occurred primarily on the rural area of the coastal area in this Region. The presence of urban centers of limited dimension, both for the demographic performance and for the dimensional order, is the main characteristic of this area. The historic part of rural tradition, at the same time, no longer emerges as a primary component of the regional landscape. This trend is particularly evident in the coastal zone, which is analyzed in this work not only in the range of areas that directly bordering the Adriatic Sea, but also in its pre-coastal zone, which remains imprinted on a matrix rural, but suffering from marginalization phenomen
Resilience Through Ecological Network
No full textThe paper explores the strategic role that urban biodiversity and ecosystem services management, natural infrastructure and adaptive governance approaches can play in making our economies and societies more resilient and in linking human societies and the natural environment. Resilience – a concept that entered the debate on urban governance – means the ability of urban systems, considered as linear-systems, to react to external disturbances by returning to some socio-ecological equilibrium steady-state by overcoming a crisis period (Gunderson & al. 2010, Newman & al. 2009). In this view, green infrastructures can assume a strategic role in restoring and enhancing the ecological and environmental livability in urban areas. Starting from the International and European context, the paper discusses innovative programs and interdisciplinary projects and practices (some cases in Turin Metropolitan Area) to demonstrate how green infrastructures can increase the adaptive capacity of urban systems in term of resilience. They can contribute to increase the ability of European cities to adapt to climate change and to reduce their ecological footprints, to enhance security and life quality
Open Spaces and Urban Ecosystem Services. Cooling Effect towards Urban Planning in South American Cities
No full textOpen space (OS) is a key element in the provision of ecosystem services (ES) in urban environments. Under a land cover-land use perspective, cities are incorporating into the expansion process to different types of surfaces: sealed, paved surfaces and OS. The first corresponds to a land cover change while the second, which includes bare soil, grass, forest or any other type of non-sealed surface, corresponds to a land use change, without physical transformations. As a land use change OS is able to keep fundamental pre-existing ecological properties. However, besides specific ecological characteristics, the overall capacity to provide ES depends also on the size, number and spatial distribution of OSs within the urban fabric. Those aspects which can determine the very ecological performance of urban ecosystem services (UES) are not yet included in the current urban planning in Latin America. OS is still understood mainly as green infrastructure and related mostly with aesthetic and cultural benefits. On the contrary, under an ecological point of view, OS is capable to provide fundamental UES, which can be spatially assessed and analyzed. In this paper the provision of cooling services (CS) is assessed in 2 South American cities: Lima and Santiago de Chile. The provision of CS is measured by means of a Remote Sensing-GIS-based method. Two aspects of CS are explored: (1) the current amount of existing OS; and (2) the trend of increasing/reducing CS within the urban tissue, in a dynamic assessment of spatial distribution and rates of OS incorporation to the continuous urban tissue. The aim is to analyze the CS generated by OS in those two cities. The analysis discusses the role of OS in the provision of CS, considering the current urban development trends and planning practice in these specific Latin American cities, highlighting the need to keep unsealed surfaces and increase in trees coverage, to retain the CS provision in certain levels
Sustainability And Planning. Thinking and Acting According to Thermodinamics Laws
No full textThe paper deals with environmental sustainability, in terms of intrinsic vulnerability and thermodynamics laws concepts, applied to urban green infrastructures. This approach gives also the track to build more resilient and complex landscapes. Integrating intrinsic vulnerability and thermodynamics laws concepts, an effective strategy could be conceived to face best management practices in planning more sustainable and healthy cities
Dilemmas in the Analysis of Technological Change. A Cognitive Approach to Understand Innovation and Change in the Water Sector
No full textIn this paper we argue for the need to apply a cognitive approach to understand deep dynamics and determinants of technological evolutions. After examining main contributions from innovation studies to the conceptualization of innovation and change in complex socio-technical environments, we highlight the contribution coming from the application of the cognitive approach to evolutionary studies on technologies and we introduce the concept of technological memory as an interpretative tool to understand those changes. We discuss our hypothesis with reference to several observations carried out in different local contexts – Mexico, India and Italy – in relation to technological change in the water sector. In those cases deliberate attempts to substitute traditional technologies with modern ones led to interesting trajectories of change ranging from the collapse of old technologies to the development of multifaceted hybridization patterns
Urbanisation Pattern of Incipient Mega Region in India
Get PDFThe focus of the current study is to analyse the spatial patterns of urbanisation and sprawl in Pune city using temporal remote sensing dataUrbanisation refers to the growth of the towns and cities due to large proportion of the population living in urban areas and its suburbs at the expense of its rural areas. Unplanned urbanisation leads to the large scale land use changes affecting the sustenance of local natural resources. This necessitates an understanding of spatial patterns of urbanisation to implement appropriate mitigation measures. The focus of the current study is to analyse the spatial patterns of urbanisation and sprawl in Pune city with 10 km buffer using temporal remote sensing data through geo-informatics and spatial metrics. Land use analyses of the city with a buffer of 10km reveals that there has been a significant increase of built-up land from 2.96% (1977) to 20.4% (2013) with the reduction of vegetation from 22.49 to 17.96%. Shannon entropy reveal the tendency of sprawl in NW direction. Zone and Gradient-wise spatial metrics analysis is done to understand the spatial patterns of urbanisation at local levels. The analysis suggests that urbanisation has caused fragmentation with adjacencies in buffer zones. Spatial metrics substantiate rampant sprawl at the peri-urban regions and infilling at city centre. However, this value has reduced in 2013 indicating of reaching the threshold of urbanization. This research provides the details of land use and its development for guiding scientific-based decision support and policy making
The Plan in Addressing the Post Shock Conflicts 2009-2014. A First Balance Sheet of the Reconstruction of L’Aquila
No full textFive years after the earthquake in Abruzzo in 2009 it is possible to draw up a first balance sheet of the public actions carried out so far in relation to reconstruction. The transformations undergone by L’Aquila and the territory of Abruzzo impose a re-reading of the institutional framework and of the role that the Plan can have in addressing the conflicts deriving from the physical and social reconstruction of the regional capital. But the joint presence of many and various litigious actors makes it complex to adopt a new season of projects able to make the most of the substantial public financing and to direct this towards agreed models of urban development. Moreover a comparison with the effectiveness of public actions that may be observed in analogous cases in the urban history of L’Aquila makes the picture even more alarming