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Методика обучения русскому языку как иностранному в эпоху цифровизации
Get PDFThe study highlights some issues related to the methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language (RFL) in the digital transformation of a non-language university. The relevance of the research topic is conditioned by the significance of the choice of optimal exercises for teaching RFL. The aim of the research is to develop and theoretically substantiate the integration of pedagogical conditions into the practice of teaching RFL to enhance the effectiveness of forming foreign students’ communicative and linguocultural competencies. The analysis of the results before and after the experiment in foreign students who changed the level of RFL under the influence of a set of selected pedagogical conditions is presented.
Materials and methods. In the course of the research a set of methods was applied: analysis and generalisation of pedagogical and psychological literature; pedagogical observation; interviewing; pedagogical experiment. The design of digital interactive exercises and approbation of pedagogical conditions of effective teaching of RFL were carried out. The research was conducted in the control and experimental groups, 44 students in each on the basis of the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy.
The results of the experiment and subsequent data analysis led to conclusions regarding the potential of digital interactive exercises and the effectiveness of the selected pedagogical conditions for teaching RFL. These conditions include: the implementation of digital interactive exercises; the development of diagnostic tools for assessing the Russian language proficiency of international students; the creation of a digital environment for their creative verbal expression; and the engagement of foreign students in an active digital space through evaluative activities. A longitudinal diagnostic study served as the key method, evaluating the effectiveness of the pedagogical intervention by measuring the Russian language proficiency of international students both prior to and following the application of digital interactive exercises. Conclusions about the effectiveness of the methodology of teaching RFL are formulated, as well as directions for further research in this area are highlighted. The study found that the successful completion of digital interactive exercises is contingent upon the students’ high linguistic proficiency, general erudition, and cultural-linguistic awareness.The study highlights some issues related to the methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language (RFL) in the digital transformation of a non-language university. The relevance of the research topic is conditioned by the significance of the choice of optimal exercises for teaching RFL. The aim of the research is to develop and theoretically substantiate the integration of pedagogical conditions into the practice of teaching RFL to enhance the effectiveness of forming foreign students’ communicative and linguocultural competencies. The analysis of the results before and after the experiment in foreign students who changed the level of RFL under the influence of a set of selected pedagogical conditions is presented.
Materials and methods. In the course of the research a set of methods was applied: analysis and generalisation of pedagogical and psychological literature; pedagogical observation; interviewing; pedagogical experiment. The design of digital interactive exercises and approbation of pedagogical conditions of effective teaching of RFL were carried out. The research was conducted in the control and experimental groups, 44 students in each on the basis of the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy.
The results of the experiment and subsequent data analysis led to conclusions regarding the potential of digital interactive exercises and the effectiveness of the selected pedagogical conditions for teaching RFL. These conditions include: the implementation of digital interactive exercises; the development of diagnostic tools for assessing the Russian language proficiency of international students; the creation of a digital environment for their creative verbal expression; and the engagement of foreign students in an active digital space through evaluative activities. A longitudinal diagnostic study served as the key method, evaluating the effectiveness of the pedagogical intervention by measuring the Russian language proficiency of international students both prior to and following the application of digital interactive exercises. Conclusions about the effectiveness of the methodology of teaching RFL are formulated, as well as directions for further research in this area are highlighted. The study found that the successful completion of digital interactive exercises is contingent upon the students’ high linguistic proficiency, general erudition, and cultural-linguistic awareness.В исследовании освещены некоторые вопросы, связанные с методикой обучения русскому языку как иностранному (РКИ) в неязыковом вузе в условиях цифровой трансформации. Актуальность темы исследования обусловлена значимостью выбора оптимальных упражнений для обучения РКИ. Цель исследования – разработать и теоретически обосновать интеграцию педагогических условий в практику обучения РКИ для повышения эффективности формирования коммуникативной и лингвокультурологической компетенций студентов-инофонов. Представлен анализ результатов до и после проведения эксперимента с участием иностранных обучающихся, у которых под влиянием совокупности выделенных педагогических условий изменился уровень владения неродным языком.
Материалы и методы. В ходе исследования применен комплекс методов: анализ и обобщение педагогической и психологической литературы; педагогическое наблюдение; интервьюирование; педагогический эксперимент. Осуществлено проектирование цифровых интерактивных упражнений; апробированы педагогические условия эффективного обучения РКИ. Исследование проводилось в контрольной и экспериментальной группах, по 44 студента в каждой, на базе Российского государственного аграрного университета – МСХА имени К. А. Тимирязева.
Результаты эксперимента и анализа полученных данных позволили сделать выводы о потенциале цифровых интерактивных упражнений и эффективности выбранных педагогических условий обучения РКИ: внедрение цифровых интерактивных упражнений; разработка диагностического инструментария для оценки уровня владения русским языком иностранных студентов; создание цифровой среды для их творческих речевых проявлений; приобщение студентов-инофонов к активному цифровому пространству путем оценочной деятельности. Ключевым стало лонгитюдное диагностическое исследование, позволившее оценить эффективность внедрения педагогических условий, в ходе которого определялся уровень владения русским языком у иностранных обучающихся до и после применения цифровых интерактивных упражнений. Сформулированы выводы об эффективности предлагаемой методики обучения РКИ, а также обозначены направления для последующих исследований в данной области. Установлено, что адекватное выполнение цифровых интерактивных упражнений обеспечивается высокой языковой культурой, эрудицией, лингвокультурными знаниями иностранных обучающихся
Клишированные метафоры в новостных медиа как инструмент семиотической компрессии
Get PDFThe paper investigates the distinctive features of clichéd metaphorical expressions with the somatic component hand (arm) / рука in English-language news discourse and their borrowed counterparts in the Russian media. The study’s relevance and novelty are determined by the growing interest in media discourse within the context of the semiotic, hermeneutic, and linguistic-cognitive processes occurring in the digital sphere. A key feature of this type of humanistic inquiry is the application of an interdisciplinary approach within the anthropocentric paradigm, which relies on functional-pragmatic and discursive approaches, the method of metaphorical modeling, and contextual and semantic-semiotic analysis. The findings describe the universality of the body code as a cognitive basis for the semantic-semiotic transition “hand” → “power.” The study reveals the mechanisms for adapting borrowed images and creating graduated evaluative statements in both the English- and Russian-language digital environments. The clichés borrowed from English into Russian such as Kremlin’s Hand / the hand of the Kremlin / the Russia hand / the hand of Moscow, the long arm of the Kremlin / Moscow, and their Russian equivalents (рука Кремля / Москвы / Путина, длинная рука Кремля / Москвы) are analyzed. The graduated pattern of cognitive metaphors representing the concept of power are also examined (firm hand, strong hand, heavy hand, iron hand; сильная рука, твердая рука, жёсткая рука, железная рука). Scales of the qualitative attribute “the quality and degree of political power” have been developed for the English and Russian metaphorical clichés with the somatic component hand(arm) / рука. The study identifies the pragmatics of clichéd metaphorical expressions in news media and describes the variability and additivity of their components.The paper investigates the distinctive features of clichéd metaphorical expressions with the somatic component hand (arm) / рука in English-language news discourse and their borrowed counterparts in the Russian media. The study’s relevance and novelty are determined by the growing interest in media discourse within the context of the semiotic, hermeneutic, and linguistic-cognitive processes occurring in the digital sphere. A key feature of this type of humanistic inquiry is the application of an interdisciplinary approach within the anthropocentric paradigm, which relies on functional-pragmatic and discursive approaches, the method of metaphorical modeling, and contextual and semantic-semiotic analysis. The findings describe the universality of the body code as a cognitive basis for the semantic-semiotic transition “hand” → “power.” The study reveals the mechanisms for adapting borrowed images and creating graduated evaluative statements in both the English- and Russian-language digital environments. The clichés borrowed from English into Russian such as Kremlin’s Hand / the hand of the Kremlin / the Russia hand / the hand of Moscow, the long arm of the Kremlin / Moscow, and their Russian equivalents (рука Кремля / Москвы / Путина, длинная рука Кремля / Москвы) are analyzed. The graduated pattern of cognitive metaphors representing the concept of power are also examined (firm hand, strong hand, heavy hand, iron hand; сильная рука, твердая рука, жёсткая рука, железная рука). Scales of the qualitative attribute “the quality and degree of political power” have been developed for the English and Russian metaphorical clichés with the somatic component hand(arm) / рука. The study identifies the pragmatics of clichéd metaphorical expressions in news media and describes the variability and additivity of their components.Статья посвящена исследованию особенностей функционирования клишированных метафорических коррелятов с соматическим компонентом hand(arm) / рука в новостном англоязычном дискурсе их аналогов в российских СМИ. Актуальность исследования обусловлена возрастающим интересом к медиадискурсу в контексте семиотических, герменевтических и лингвокогнитивных процессов в цифровом пространстве. Важнейшей особенностью гуманитарных изысканий такого рода является применение интердисциплинарного подхода в русле антропоцентрической парадигмы, который основывается на функционально-прагматическом и дискурсивном подходах, методе метафорического моделирования, контекстуального и семантико-семиотического анализа. Полученные результаты описывают универсальность телесного кода как когнитивного основания для семантико-семиотического перехода «рука» –> «власть», выявляют механизмы адаптации заимствованных образов и создания градуированных оценочных высказываний не только в англоязычной, но и в русскоязычной цифровой среде. Проанализированы клише англоязычные клише Kremlin’s Hand /the hand of the Kremlin / the Russia hand / the hand of Moscow, the long arm of the Kremlin / Moscow и их русскоязычные эквиваленты – рука Кремля / Москвы / Путина, длинная рука Кремля/Москвы) и градуированные шаблонные ряды когнитивных метафор, репрезентирующих концепт власти (firm hand, strong hand, heavy hand, iron hand; сильная рука, твердая рука, жесткая рука, железная рука). Составлены шкалы квалитативного признака «качество и степень силы политической власти» в англо- русскоязычном метафорических клише с соматическим компонентом рука / hand (arm). Выявлена прагматика клишированных метафорических высказываний в новостных медиа, описана вариативность и аддитивность их компонентов
La asistencia sanitaria en una comarca valenciana medieval: el Alto Palancia (1401-1531)
Get PDFIn this article, we aim to analyse the characteristics of medical practitioners located in the Alto Palancia region of Valencia during the late Middle Ages, as well as their healthcare work. This study aims to complement previous work, and other studies that we will carry out, which will allow us to map the traces of healthcare throughout the Valencian territory during the 14th and 15th centuries. The data show a high degree of medicalisation in this part of the Valencian territory during the period studied, both in terms of the number of medical practitioners and the influence and social prestige attained by some of them.En este artículo pretendemos analizar las características de los practicantes de la medicina localizados en la comarca valenciana del Alto Palancia durante la baja Edad Media, así como su labor asistencial. Este trabajo pretende sumarse a otros anteriores, y otros que iremos realizando, que nos permitan mapear los rastros de la asistencia sanitaria en todo el territorio valenciano durante los siglos XIV y XV. Los datos muestran un profundo grado de medicalización en esta parte del territorio valenciano en la época estudiada, tanto por el número como por la influencia y prestigio social obtenido por algunos practicantes de la medicina.
Mapeo espacio-temporal en una comunidad ribereña del Amazonas
Get PDFThis article presents space-time mapping in a riverside community called São Luis do Macari, located on Panamim Island, in the mid-course of the Solimões River, in the State of Amazonas, Brazil. The sociodynamics of the community have been undergoing significant transformations induced by the natural phenomenon of “Terras Caídas” (Falling Lands). The procedures involved cartographic document research, mapping on the OpenStreetMap and StreetComplete platforms, aerial surveys, satellite image analysis, bibliographic research, and fieldwork. Despite being dynamic, the morphological changes of the island have significant implications on the lives of the riverside dwellers, with a notable loss of the community’s useful area and material goods. The lack of detailed mapping of riverside communities leads to the loss of part of their history when they are forced to relocate their homes and other buildings due to the advances of the Terras Caídas near the community’s constructions. The mapping carried out by the researchers may be the last record of the community, which, due to the risks posed by the Terras Caídas, is in the process of relocating to another area.Este artículo presenta un mapeo espacio temporal de la comunidad ribereña de São Luis do Macari, ubicada en la Isla Panamim, en el curso medio del Río Solimões, en el Estado de Amazonas, Brasil. La sociodinámica de la comunidad ha estado experimentando transformaciones significativas inducidas por el fenómeno natural de las “Terras Caídas”. La metodología consistió en la investigación de documentos cartográficos, el desarrollo de mapeo en las plataformas OpenStreetMap y Street Complete, levantamientos aéreos, análisis de imágenes satelitales, investigación bibliográfica y trabajo de campo. A pesar de ser dinámicos, los cambios morfológicos de la isla tienen implicaciones significativas en las vidas de los habitantes ribereños, con una notable pérdida del área útil de la comunidad y bienes materiales. La falta de mapeo detallado de las comunidades ribereñas lleva a la pérdida de parte de su historia cuando se ven obligadas a reubicar sus hogares y otras construcciones debido al avance de las Terras Caídas cerca de las edificaciones de la comunidad. El mapeo realizado por los investigadores puede ser el último registro de la comunidad que, debido a los riesgos ocasionados por las Terras Caídas, está en proceso de reubicarse en otra área
Marta Rico Cuesta: La habitación del cuerpo. Trans-formándonos
Get PDFDossier donde se reflexiona sobre la obra de la artista Marta Rico 
Estado de las infraestructuras urbanas y respuesta térmica: un punto de partida para el análisis del riesgo por calor. Caso Mendoza, Argentina
Get PDFGeomatic tools are essential for analyzing urban transformations to optimize management. This study aims to assess how the state of green, blue, and grey infrastructures, evaluated through spectral indices (NDVI, LWCI, MSI, NDBI), influences the city’s thermal behavior. The Local Climate Classification of the Mendoza Metropolitan Area, Argentina, is used as a reference. The goal is to develop quick diagnostic methods to detect heat-risk areas in cities. This study provides a georeferenced, multidimensional, and detailed evaluation of the factors affecting the city’s thermal behavior. It highlights the relationship between vegetation, water status, soil impermeability and temperature. The results allow the implementation of a simple method to identify weaknesses and design evidence-based spatial planning strategies, offering tools for heat risk management and the improvement of urban resilience in order to reduce impacts on public health, the habitability of public space and energy consumption.La geomática es clave para analizar la dinámica de las transformaciones urbanas con el fin de optimizar su gestión. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar en qué medida el estado de las infraestructuras verde, azul y gris, evaluadas a través de índices espectrales (NDVI, LWCI, MSI, NDBI), influye en el comportamiento térmico de la ciudad, utilizando como referencia la Clasificación Climática Local del Área Metropolitana de Mendoza- Argentina. El objetivo final es desarrollar métodos de diagnóstico ágiles que permitan detectar sectores críticos en riesgo por calor en áreas urbanas. Este estudio ha posibilitado una evaluación georreferenciada, multidimensional y detallada de los factores que influyen en el comportamiento térmico de la ciudad, evidenciando la relación entre vegetación, estado hídrico, impermeabilización de suelo y temperatura. Los resultados permiten implementar un método sencillo para identificar debilidades y diseñar estrategias de ordenación territorial basada en evidencia, ofreciendo herramientas para la gestión del riesgo por calor y la mejora de la resiliencia urbana a fin de disminuir sus impactos sobre la salud pública, la habitabilidad del espacio público y el consumo de energía
«Le sortilège» (1964) de Elisa Chimenti (Nápoles 1883-Tánger 1969). Un cuento sefardí etnológico en la tradición del dialogo del Tardo Cinquecento
Get PDFThe tale ‘Le sortilège’ (‘The Spell’) is the product of a hybridization between the novella, the qiṣṣa fāsīya, the racconto and the tardo Cinquecento quasi-documentary dialogue. Written in a vernacular North African language (Lissan Franji Tinja), the story pays homage to the humanist values of the Alliance Israélite Universelle and stages the theme in the title in a dialogue between historical interlocutors, both men and women, from two early 20th-century minority communities in Morocco, the Jews and the Christians. The comparative literary analysis of the three essential constituent elements of the dialogue – invention, arrangement and rhetorical articulation – in the compositional structure of the tale demonstrates its double function of docere et delectare and constitutes a pedagogical method of promoting education regarding equal rights between men and women, in line with the education promoted by the AIU.«Le sortilège» es un cuento híbrido de la novella, la qiṣṣa fāsīya, el racconto y el dialogo quasi-documentary tardocinquecentista que rinde homenaje a los valores humanistas de la Alliance Israélite Universelle. Escrito en una lengua vernácula norteafricana (lissan franji tinja), escenifica el tema denotado en el título a través de diálogos entre personajes históricos y pertenecientes a las comunidades judía y cristiana, minoritarias en el Marruecos de principios del siglo XX. El análisis desde la literatura comparada de los tres elementos esenciales del dialogo -invención, disposición y articulación retórica- presentes en la estructura compositiva del cuento (de)muestra su doble función de docere et delectare y revela su función como método pedagógico de promoción de la educación en igualdad de derechos entre hombres y mujeres, en línea con la formación educativa promovida por dicha institución
La percepción del profesorado de Educación Física sobre el apoyo a las necesidades psicológicas básicas en Educación Primaria
Get PDFIntroduction: In the context of Physical Education (PE), supporting basic psychological needs (BPNs; autonomy, competence, and relatedness) is regarded as essential for fostering self-determined motivation and promoting pupils’ wellbeing. However, limited evidence exists regarding how teachers perceive and experience this process in their everyday practice. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of Primary Education PE teachers concerning the support they provide for these needs, with a focus on both the strategies they implement and the meanings they ascribe to them.
Method: A qualitative methodology based on a case study design was adopted, employing individual semi-structured interviews. Five in-service PE teachers participated in the study, all of whom were teaching at the Primary Education level in state schools in the Balearic Islands.
Results: The results indicate that the participating teachers perceive themselves as supporting these needs through a range of pedagogical strategies, albeit with differing levels of depth. Moreover, tensions were identified between discourse and practice, arising from organisational structures, pedagogical beliefs, and policy requirements.
Conclusions: The importance of understanding support for BPNs as an evolving ethical and professional responsibility is emphasised, one that demands collective reflection, distributed leadership, and institutional conditions conducive to a more motivating and coherent approach to PE.Introducción: En el ámbito de la Educación Física (EF), el apoyo a las necesidades psicológicas básicas (NPB; autonomía, competencia y relaciones sociales) se considera clave para fomentar la motivación autodeterminada. Sin embargo, existe escasa evidencia sobre cómo vive y percibe el profesorado este proceso en su práctica diaria. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar las percepciones del profesorado de EF en Educación Primaria sobre el apoyo que ofrece a dichas necesidades, atendiendo tanto a las estrategias implementadas como a los significados que construye en torno a ellas.
Método: Se adoptó una metodología cualitativa basada en un estudio de casos, mediante entrevistas individuales semiestructuradas. Participaron cinco docentes en activo de EF que impartían clase en la etapa de Educación Primaria en centros públicos de las Islas Baleares.
Resultados: Los resultados indican que el profesorado participante considera que favorece dichas necesidades mediante diversas estrategias pedagógicas, aunque con diferentes niveles de profundidad. Asimismo, se identificaron tensiones entre el discurso y la práctica, derivadas de estructuras organizativas, creencias pedagógicas y exigencias normativas.
Conclusiones: Se destaca la importancia de comprender el apoyo a las NPB como una responsabilidad ética y profesional en transición, que requiere reflexión colectiva, liderazgo distribuido y condiciones institucionales que impulsen una EF más motivadora y coherente