Tokyo Woman's Christian University Repository / 東京女子大学学術情報リポジトリ
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韓国語と日本語の丁寧体についての一考察
Get PDFThis study is based on the assumption that the Korean polite form “해요（haiyo)” and the Japanese polite form “です・ます（desu/masu)” are treated as corresponding expressions in Korean language education, but both do not necessarily correspond in actual use. This study used conversational sentences appearing in Korean and Japanese novels and their translated versions, as well as Japanese subtitles of Korean TV dramas, to observe the polite forms in Korean and Japanese. The results showed that there is a major difference in that the choice between polite and casual forms in Japanese is determined by fluid factors other than hierarchical relations, mainly “familiarity,” whereas in Korean, the decision is mainly based on hierarchical relations. Another difference between the use of “해요 （haiyo)” and the Japanese polite form seems to be that in Japanese, using the casual form is not impolite to the other person, whereas in Korean it can be considered rude in some cases. This also shows that Japanese honorifics tend to have a sociolinguistic aspect, while Korean honorifics have a grammatical aspect.本研究では、韓国語の해요（へヨ）体と日本語の丁寧体「です・ます」は韓国語教育において対応する表現として扱われているが、実際の使用においては必ずしも対応しないという仮定をもとに、韓国語や日本語の小説とその翻訳版に現れる会話文、ドラマの韓国語と日本語字幕を材料に、韓国語と日本語の丁寧体を観察した。その結果、日本語の丁寧体と普通体の選択は、上下関係以外にも「親しみ」を中心とした流動的な要因によって決まるのに対し、韓国語は、上下関係を中心に決定づけられるという点に大きな違いがあることがわかった。また、日本語は普通体が必ずしも相手に対する礼儀を欠くものではないのに対し、韓国語は場合によっては非常に失礼になりうることも、Batang（へヨ）体と日本語の丁寧体の使用の差として現れているようだ。またこのことから、日本語の敬語は、社会言語学的側面が強く、韓国語の敬語は文法的側面が強いという傾向も示した
いじめ加害者の心的世界についての比較文化的研究 : 絵本における表現と心理教育の可能性
Get PDFI examined how the perpetrator and the bystander of bullying are portrayed in picture books in Japan and abroad. A total of 16 domestic and foreign works were taken up and compared with regard to the causes, the form and place of bullying, the role of the main character, the consequences, and the involvement of adults in solving the problem. In Japanese books, the causes of bullying were not clearly described and there was little adult involvement in the solution. This is likely to be related to the low rate at which adults are able to identify bullying in their children or classroom. Abroad, the causes of the bullying were visibly described and many of the problems were solved in the end. This may be related to the fact that picture books are often used for character education abroad, referring to the teacherʼs note in the books. The interchange of roles―perpetrator,bystander and victim―has been described both in Japan and abroad.In the second study, a practical study was carried out to examine the possibility of using picture books for psycho-education. Some suggestions were also made about the psycho-educational use of a picture book by a U.S. author, called Each Kindness, which depicts the Japanese“invisible”bullying perpetrators, such as ignorance and ostracism
韓国語の助詞를 reul/을 eul と에 e の境界 : 日本語との対照から
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to try to find out under what conditions the postpositions “reul” and “e” are selected in Korean moving verb sentences like 가다 gada(go), which correspond to the Japanese phrase “～に行く.” As a result, whether to take “reul” or “e” is not related to the meaning of the noun phrase (NP) itself, but is also decided by the〈locativity〉in its context:〈locativity〉 can appear differently in the context depending on the meaning of the NP or even with the same NP by the effect of the other elements in the sentence. The boundary between “reul” and “e” cannot be clearly separated in a particular line. There can be a gradual boundary from the prototype-에 가다 sentences to the prototype -를 가다 sentences.The prototype-에 가다 sentence has an NP which has higher〈locativity〉in its NP and takes an NP that represents specific places, and indicates specific meanings of the verb 가다. In other words, 가다 in such sentences shows the meaning of “go” with real physical movement. On the other hand, the prototype-를 가 다 sentence has a lower〈locativity〉in its NP, which shows an EVENT or the purpose of the verb. It has an abstract meaning that is associated with an NP to achieve its purpose. I agree that the〈locativity〉of an NP is often judged pragmatically in sentences, so the boundary between “reul” and “e” in Korean 가다 sentence does not exist clearly but is decided in a more flexible manner by the effect of the other elements of the sentences
