Tokyo Woman's Christian University Repository / 東京女子大学学術情報リポジトリ
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时代大潮中的“选择者”“挣扎者” 解读潘光旦1947–50年日记（時代潮流における「選択者」「 逆らう者」潘光旦1947–50日記を読解する）
Get PDFPan Guangdan had already been a dissenter in the Republic of China (RC) before the Communist revolution. When he encountered new thoughts under the Communist regime, Pan had a short and lonely period of resistance to be a “chooser” and a “struggler” according to his own words.This article focuses on Pan Guangdan in the period of the early Communist regime, and analyses Pan’s diary to get closer to his inner world in which he believed that society should be based on the individual’s freedom and independence. In so doing, the article tries to relate the social thoughts that he had posessed in the period of the RC with his attitudes toward the Communist China. This effort will also reveal the fundamental characteristics of the Communist revolutionary thoughts.共産党政権と実際に接触する最初の時期に、潘光旦＊は短い期間ではあるが、共産党政権の画一的な政治統制、知識分子に対する思想改造、大学に対する政治的干渉に、孤独に抵抗していた。本文は、新中国初期の潘光旦に注目し、この時期の潘の日記を読解し、潘の姿に近づき、彼の内面の世界を理解すると同時に、彼の孤独な抵抗の向こう側にある、いかなる個人も抵抗できなかった時代のうねりや巨大な政治的圧力を分析する。そして、共産党に追従する大多数の知識人と異なっていた潘の行動の理由を彼の社会思想によるものとして捉え、潘の行動は、彼の社会思想における民主主義社会の「個人観」と一致するものであり、かつて提唱した個人が時代潮流の前に「選択者」「逆らう者」であるべき理念を自ら実践したことと分析する。潘の行動を理解するために、潘の関連する社会思想を整理する。本文は、本来、潘が教鞭をとっていた清華大学（北京）の学術誌『社会学評論』「潘光旦生誕120周年記念特集」のために書いた論文であったが、現政権の言論や出版に関する厳しい検閲により、出版社からは「敏感な政治問題」と判断され、削除された。本学『論集』の場を借りて、潘光旦に見ならい、筆者は海外にいる身でありながら、「逆らう者」を実践してみたい。＊ 潘光旦（1899–1976）、民国期に成長した近代中国知識人の代表者の一人、早年アメリカに留学、生物学、動物学、遺伝学などを学ぶ。帰国後、光華大学、清華大学社会学系で教鞭をとる。1952年に社会学が共産党政権に廃除された後、中央民族学院（現在中央民族大学）に配属された
日本語における漢字音の受容と通時的変遷に関する研究
Get PDFKanji characters used in today’s Japanese originally came from Chinese, whose sound system is different from that of Japanese in many ways. The question here is how Japanese turned their sounds Japaneselike, when adapting Kanji characters. This paper shows the history of Kanji characters in Japanese, their sound changes from the original words, and the residues of old Chinese in Japanese which disappeared or were fading away in modern Chinese. Japanese borrowed Kanji characters from Chinese in stages over hundreds of years while Chinese and Japanese developed their respective sound systems. It is therefore impossible to illustrate sound changes of a certain Kanji character without knowing what Chinese and Japanese were like when that character was taken into Japanese. Therefore, the author consulted references not only on general linguistics but also on sources from Japanese and Chinese linguistics. The problem is that each field has its own terminology and to standardize them required the author to have enough knowledge to check all the definitions of the terms. All the same, to see one question from several angles brought about a new viewpoint. For instance, when focusing on the vowel addition to final consonants, Japanese linguistics is good at a historical analysis whereas general linguistics has shown a survey focused on the sound combinations in Present-day Japanese. Such interdisciplinary survey methods can be applied to compare more hypotheses and find some new approach in future investigations
Old English Christian Terms in the Psalter Glosses : Mercian, Early West Saxon and Late West Saxon Glosses in Comparison
Get PDFChristian terms were borrowed throughout the Old English period, and beyond. Some of them were used as they were borrowed, like biscop, apostol and discipul, but some were translated as leornungcniht, ærendraca and ealdorðegn, and used together with the loan forms. Meanwhile Old English dialects were written and kept in religious texts as well as the West Saxon standard variety, as examined and reported by Schabram (1965), Gneuss (1972) and Hofstetter (1988). When the interlinear glosses of the Psalter are considered, the Mercian version of the Vespasian Psalter (c875-900: abbreviated as PsGlA) shows dialectal differences in contrast with the early West Saxon Regius Psalter (c950: abbreviated as PsGlD) in the choice of renderings, such as ar vs. weorðung for honor, cirice vs. gesamnung for ecclesia, gefeon vs. blissian for exultare, onsecgan vs. offrian for sacrificare, snyttru vs. wisdom for sapientia, etc., while the late West Saxon Lambeth Psalter (c1025: abbreviated as PsGlI), a psalter version of 66.1% Winchester words according to Hofstetter’s survey, often chooses the same rendering as PsGlD, sometimes as PsGlA, and occasionally shows an independent choice, using double or triple glosses as its feature. In this paper I will make a lexical comparison of religious terms in these three psalter glosses in order to find the threshold of Old English standardisation in their historical-dialectal differences
