Seigakuin Repository for Academic Archive (SERVE) / 聖学院学術情報発信システム
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Reading together in symbiose : A posture for sharing a picture book between parent and child
Get PDF本稿は，絵本を読みあう姿勢について考察する。絵本を子どもと大人が一緒に読む体勢は，三項関係として把握されており，読書というよりも読みあいとして理解されている。読みあいでは，抱く姿勢，つまり，読み手の大人が子を膝にのせて読んでいる姿勢がみられる。
本考察では，アンリ・ワロンが提示した共生態を参照する。彼は，母子の抱く姿勢における一体感に原基的な癒合的社会性を捉え，母子間の共生における情緒的共鳴の考察を展開した。それを読み解いて，本稿では，読みあいが共生態の姿勢構成を基底とすることを示す。This paper examines the tonic posture of reciprocal reading between parent and child. Theoretically, it defines the triad relationship between a picture book (a medium), a parent (a reader), and a child (a listener). In terms of practice, it describes the togetherness of sharing a book with an infant, rather than reading. This paper observes intimate reading, in which parent and child remain in close physical contact, the parent holding the child on the lap as the book is read in coaction.
This paper references Henri Wallon’s conception of symbiose (symbiosis), the mutual respirational communion through ventral-ventral contact. This type of touch develops a sense of compresence between mother and infant. In addition, it implies the primordial syncretic sociability and the origin of communication in affective consonance between parent and child. This paper contemplates that parent-child engagement through sharing is fundamentally reliant on their posture in symbiose.departmental bulletin pape
A Historical Study of Children in Wartime Day-care Centers and Children in Nursery Schools after World War Ⅱ
Get PDF1944 年の戦時下，保育施設は戦時託児所に切り替わった。戦時託児所では十分な保育が保障されなかったことが，興望館セツルメントの記録に残されている。第二次世界大戦が終結し興望館セツルメントが再び保育を始めたとき，集まった子どもたちとその家族は保育に何を求めたのだろうか。本稿では，興望館資料室所蔵の第一次資料を駆使し，戦時託児所への切換え及び戦後の保育再開時に着目し，利用児の特性から利用目的を探り，保育ニーズを整理した。その結果，児童福祉法成立前夜の敗戦直後において，手のかかる乳幼児を預かってもらいたい託児要求よりも幼児本人の育ちや楽しみを問う保育への期待が顕著であった。The Tokyo Metropolitan Government issued a directive notice in 1944 to transform nursery schools to wartime day-care centers. In the final stages of World War II, most wartime day-care centers were unable to offer children standard nursing care services such as entertainment activities, physical exercise, or pre-schooling. After the war, Kobo-kan Settlement House located in Tokyo’s east-end reopened its nursery school in 1946. The parents of thirty-six infants applied to avail of nursery care. This study investigated the applications and related documents housed in the historical archives of the Settlement House to determine the services most desired by the parents. Surprisingly, many parents wanted the nursery to primarily offer recreational and educational activities for their children even in that immediate post-war period of food and housing deficiency.departmental bulletin pape
Raising awareness of L1 interference : Implicit versus explicit consciousness raising activities
Get PDF本研究では，ペルシャ語を母語とする学習者の，英語の発音における母語干渉への明示的及び暗示的な指導法が，学習者の発音矯正にどのように影響を及ぼすかを検証する。本研究では，一般的なペルシャ語の発音が英語の発音習得に干渉を及ぼしているということを学習者が意識するように，4 週間の指導法が提案された。授業中や事後テストのデータ分析の結果，本研究の指導法により学習者が短期間でも，とくに明示的な発音指導を通して，英語の発音への母語干渉を改善することが期待できることが示された。This pilot study examines the effect of explicit focus on form and implicit meaning focused instruction on improvement of L1 pronunciation interference in English of a L1 Farsi speaker. Treatment over a 4-week treatment period was designed to increase consciousness of typical English pronunciation errors for L1 Farsi speakers. Data gathered during treatment and the results of the post-treatment test indicate potential for short-term improvement in both reception and production of challenging phonemes, especially through explicit, focus on form teaching.departmental bulletin pape
Ageo Hirakata Riverside Settlement and Colonization : Influence of Modernity on Local Cities
Get PDF日本の近代化は，殖産興業という政策によって進められた。国策として進められたその政策は，やがて地方へ波及してゆく。しかし，それによって地方が経済的自立をするまでは至らず，結局大都市の資本の主導で進んでゆくことになる。ところが，上尾市平方はそれとは違う経緯をたどる。上尾市平方は，もともとは荒川の舟運で栄えた河岸であった。江戸の経済は，周辺の農村が支えたのであるが，その主力は舟運であった。しかし，やがて鉄道や自動車の普及によって各地の舟運は衰退していく。関東地方の多くの舟運も同じ運命をたどることになるのだが，平方の舟運は続く。その理由は，さまざまな地場産業を起こし，銀行も自分たちで作るという自立的な経済活動がなされたからである。本稿では，地元の方にお話を伺ったものをもとにその様子の一端をまとめたものである。The modernization of Japan was driven by the policy of colonization. This national policy eventually spread to the regions. However, such policies did not allow the regions to become economically self-reliant, and capitals of the big cities eventually took the lead. The square of Ageo City, however, has a different history. The Hirakata in Ageo City was originally a riverbank that prospered from the boat traffic of the Arakawa River. The economy of Edo was supported by surrounding farming villages, but the mainstay of the economy was boat transportation. However, the spread of railroads and automobiles eventually led to the decline of boat transportation in many areas. Many of the boats in the Kanto region would have suffered the same fate, but Hirakata boat transport continued. The reason for this is that the economy was self-sustaining, creating a variety of local industries and making its own banks. This article summarizes some activities based on interviews with local people.departmental bulletin pape
