Toyo Eiwa University Repository / 東洋英和女学院大学学術リポジトリ
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A Study on the Presence and Significance of Hope in the Dying Process of Elderly Cancer Patients : From the Perspective of "Hope to Live" of Patients and Their Families
Get PDFIt is said that hope is essential to maintain one’s self in the face of death, life’s most serious crisis. Previous studies suggest that “hope to live” may provide a basic support even for terminally ill elderly patients and their families. To verify this, in this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals who had experienced death of an elderly family member with cancer. Data were gathered on how the patients and their families had felt about life and death at the end of life of the patient, and afterwards, they were analyzed using qualitative methods. There were five subjects in this study, and all patients were either parents or spouses of the subjects.
Results showed that three patients actively sought treatment after being informed of their cancer. One patient whose cancer recurred after anticancer drug treatment requested radiation therapy next. In his last hospital stay, he looked forward to leaving the hospital and going for a walk with his wife. Another patient, who was told that he had only six months to live, participated in a clinical trial, putting his hope in a new drug. When the cancer progressed and he was asked what he would do about life-prolonging treatment, he cried, “I want to live half a year more.” The other patient of the three was informed that she had only two months to live and decided to receive anticancer drug treatment to prolong her life. However, there were no prospects for recovery, so she was discharged from the hospital and spent her final days at home, looking forward to seeing her grandchildren.
In comparison, two patients did not receive treatment after being informed of their cancer．
―One patient wished to live as independently as possible until the end of her life. The other lost her will to live after being told she had only three months to live, and died without ever sharing her thoughts and wishes with her family.
The interviews also demonstrate that families showed a considerable concern for the patients’ hope to live, and wished that their lives could extended, even for a short time. In the field of end-of-life care for elderly cancer patients, it is important to respond to patients and their families so that they do not lose the meaning of life and hope.departmental bulletin pape
On the meaning of "social approval" in adolescents' ego-identity (2)： Focusing on comparison with Ricoeur's concept of "self-identity" and "ethics"
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A Study of the Significance of Teaching/Learning Second Foreign Languages at Toyo Eiwa University: A Case of the Korean Language
Get PDFThe main concern of this paper is to find a way to clarify the significance of teaching foreign languages other than English to students of Toyo Eiwa University, especially those in the Faculty of Social Sciences, where earning credits in a second foreign language is required for graduation. In a department that does not provide students with a major in languages, there must be a meaningful link between required language studies and the academic fields students focus on, with the awareness of the purposes of studying languages other than their native tongue. Whether the university can create an environment in which the students may take full advantage of their linguistic knowledge and skills in their majored field is important for their academic life as well as for their social life after graduating from college.
Simultaneously, we take great interest in the increasing number of high school students studying foreign languages other than English in a formal education situation
in high schools. If not many of such students wish to continue studying the language as a university major and yet hope to take advantage of the effort they have made in studying the foreign language while in high school, the students’ linguistic skills need to be taken into account as an achievement to help them gain admittance into university. However, the English language seems too dominant in college entrance examinations for high schoolers to exploit their endeavors in second foreign language studies.
Therefore, we have conducted surveys with three groups of students: 1) students studying Korean in a formal situation at the secondary education level; 2) students studying Korean in a formal situation at the higher education level with special attention to those at Toyo Eiwa University; and 3) students pursuing studies concerning the Korean Peninsula in a seminar at Toyo Eiwa University.
Although further studies must be done before we can reach a conclusion, we have an initial understanding of how students in each of these groups are looking toward the Korean language as well as the study of this particular language. Therefore, we would like to present some ideas and suggestions in an effort to provide significant and coherent second foreign language education that starts at the secondary education level and continues through higher education.departmental bulletin pape
Between Spirituality and Feminism : On the Female Body and "Nature"
Get PDFWith the emergence of the “spiritual market,” contents that link pregnancy and childbirth with spirituality have attracted women’s attention. These contents seem to be in opposition to feminism in that they present a conservative view of the female body; however, they also have a high affinity with feminism in that they emphasize women’s physical nature. The reason for this is that feminism in Japan has developed an argument linking women’s embodiment and “nature,” and in this connection, feminism has been connected to spirituality. However, the positions within feminism are diverse, and while each position emphasizes the importance of connecting women’s physical entity with “nature,” differences can be found in various aspects, such as how “nature” is perceived and the nature of spirituality. It is reasonable to assume that this is reflected in the content of the “spiritual market.”departmental bulletin pape
Analysis of the Self-confidence Acquisition Process of Former Chinese Female International Students in the Japanese Workplace: Using Trajectory Equifinality Modeling (TEM)
Get PDFThis study aims to visualize the process by which Chinese female employees who were former international students gain confidence in their work in the Japanese workplace and to elucidate the factors that influence this process. The study recruits five Chinese women who were formerly international students (hereafter, Chinese female employees) employed by companies in Japan as new graduates. The study adopted trajectory equifinality modeling (TEM), one of the methods used in cultural psychology, as a theoretical framework for data analysis.
The results indicate that three factors influence the process by which Chinese female employees gain confidence in their work. The first is the evaluation by important others such as superiors and colleagues. The knowledge that one’s efforts and abilities are recognized leads to increased confidence and motivation for work. The second is self-evaluation. The recognition of self-evaluation promotes increased self-efficacy in the workplace. The last one refers to the sense of being entrusted with high-level work and accomplishment of difficult tasks, which form the basis of evaluation by others and themselves. The results suggest that evaluation by others, self-evaluation, and the challenge and success of advanced work interact with one another.
Finally, the study analyzes the reasons of Chinese female employees for working in Japan, which is a culturally different environment, from the macro, mezzo, and micro perspectives. At the macro level, the participants cite the social and institutional problems of China, which has become a fiercely competitive society with a large population. At the mezzo level, the pull factor is the growing need for foreign human resources due to the globalization of corporate activities. At the micro level, the experience of studying in Japan has a positive impact on Chinese female employees’attitudes toward Japanese people and Japanese culture. In addition, the individual preference for Japan, including the living environment, is related.departmental bulletin pape
