Toyo Eiwa University Repository / 東洋英和女学院大学学術リポジトリ
Not a member yet
622 research outputs found
Sort by
Some Aspects of Biographical Lives and the Second Person Immortality
Get PDFIn his work entitled Immortality, a contemporary British philosopher, Stephen Cave, shows that beneath various stories about immortality there are just four basic forms. He calls them the immortality narratives, which include the staying alive narrative, the resurrection narrative, the soul narrative, and the legacy narrative.
In this paper, I examine Cave’s four immortality narratives by applying the concept of ‘biographical lives’, and suggest that problems about life and immortality, which are usually understood mainly from the first person’s viewpoint, can be reconsidered from the second person’s viewpoint.
First, I explain Cave’s four immortality narratives briefly, and interpret them as narratives of life. The four immortality narratives can also answer the question ‘what is life.’ Secondly, I focus on James Rachels’ distinction between two meanings of ‘life.’ Rachels distinguishes biological lives from biographical lives. Although he identifies biographical lives with conscious lives, biographical lives can be understood differently from the second person’s or third person’s viewpoint. Thirdly, I examine Cave’s immortality narratives again and point out some aspects of biographical lives. Fourthly, I consider Cave’s mortality paradox critically and reconstruct the paradox from the second person’s viewpoint. Finally, I show the possibility of interpreting Cave’s immortality narratives as second person’s immortality narratives.departmental bulletin pape
Encountering Each Other at the Deathbed: People Supporting a Man Living Alone
Get PDFIn this essay I examine two points. The first is the dying process of a male elderly person who lived alone in Erimo town, Hokkaido. The second is the relationship between an elderly person and his carers who are staff in a small-scale multi-functional institution named “Irori.” In Japan the number of elderly who live alone is increasing year by year. Currently, the number of households consisting of a single elderly person or an elderly couple is over half the number of all households. Approximately 80% of Japanese today die in a hospital.
In order to die at home, a person’s own desire to die at home and the presence of his/her carers who can give support in a community-based integral care system are both necessary. Each staff meets the dying person by making use of his/her own specialty and personality. In this essay, although the elderly male lived alone, at the end his son, relatives, and carers gather in tribute to him. They encountered him as a man who held his own will, who was like a member of the family, an aging friend, and a resident in the same community.
In conclusion, this essay shows that medical professionals, welfare experts and caregivers are able to gather hints about care by learning about the dying way of a person who lives alone.departmental bulletin pape
The Relationships Between Basic and General Competency to Develop through Career Education and Learning Motivation: Research Based on a Longitudinal Survey of Second-Year High School Students.
Get PDFThis study longitudinally investigated the relationship between self-assessment of basic and general abilities for social and vocational independence, learning motivation, and subjective length of learning time.
A total of 152 high school students completed a self-administered questionnaire longitudinally. The basic and general competencies for social and occupational independence consist of four competencies: The four abilities are (a) the ability to connect with others and society, (b) the ability to understand and manage oneself, (c) the ability to respond to problems, and (d) the ability to plan a career.
The results showed that there was a correlation between basic and general ability scores and learning motivation. Next, scores on basic and general competencies were correlated with subjective length of study time. Based on these results, the relationship between career education and learning motivation in high schools was considered.
One of the results showed that the ability to understand and self-manage oneself, and the ability to plan a career were related to learning motivation and subjective length of study time. A further result showed that the ability to understand and manage oneself, and the ability to plan a career were consistently associated with learning motivation and subjective length of study time. These results suggest the importance of general abilities for social and vocational independence, learning motivation, and subjective length of learning time in high school students.
The purpose of career education in high school is to increase basic and general abilities for social and vocational independence. As a result, it will increase high school students' learning motivation. However, in the future, it is necessary to research more specific career education practices. These points are discussed in this longitudinal study.departmental bulletin pape
Initial Policies of Toyo Eiwa University At The Time of Establishment and Their Aftermath.
Get PDFdepartmental bulletin pape
Considering "Decision-Making in the Patient's Interest" for People without Decision-Making Capacity : From an Examination of the Debate on the Effectiveness of Advance Directives in the Cases of Dementia
Get PDFIn some cases, under certain dementia conditions, the person receiving medical care may be deemed to lack decision-making capacity. However, even if it is determined that a person is lacking decision-making capacity, he or she may still be able to make some statements, retain various abilities, and may not necessarily be terminally ill or imminently dying. In such cases, an important question remains as to what reasons and rationales must be used to make decisions. That is, what is “decision-making in the patient’s interest” for the individual receiving medical care? This ethically difficult question asks whether those involved in decision-making must prioritize respect for the person’s advance directives or protect the person’s present interests. This paper aims to clarify how decision-making in the patient’s interest needs to be considered through an examination of the competing positions on this issue with respect to their dementia condition.departmental bulletin pape