Toyo Eiwa University Repository / 東洋英和女学院大学学術リポジトリ
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The Myth of “Neronian Persecution” : Concerning B. D. Shaw’s Thesis
Get PDFIt is a commonly accepted view that Nero persecuted Christians for charge of arson and St. Peter and St. Paul were martyred in the time of Great Fire of Rome. However, B. D. Shaw denied that common view. There is no definite historical evidence that Peter and Paul were martyred in Rome because of Nero’s persecution.
There are no other documents than the Tacitus writing that relates the Great Fire of Rome with the persecution of Christians. Although Tacitus called those who believed in Jesus Christ “Christiani,” that naming was not common in the reign of Nero, i.e., AD60s. During the reign of Nero, Romans could hardly distinguish the Christians from the Jews.
Early Christian writers often called Nero as “the enemy of the God.” After Nero killed himself, the legend arose that Nero did not die and would come back from the East to Rome. Such image of Nero influenced the literature of the Apocalypse of Judaism and Christianity. And that image also placed Nero in the position of the “enemy of the God” and “Antichrist” who would appear at the end of the world.departmental bulletin pape
The Representation of Abandoned Graves in Postwar Japan: A Content Analysis of Newspaper and Magazine Articles
Get PDFThe number of abandoned graves is increasing in today’s Japan, which is considered to be a “problem.” This paper aims to find a solution to various difficulties that graves and cemeteries are facing in Japanese society. Using postwar newspaper and magazine articles as the main sources, this paper discusses the history of abandoned graves. By focusing on the changes in the representations of and discourses on abandoned graves over time, and on the factors that led to these changes, I find that society has accepted a certain notion, namely, that it is a horrible thing to become abandoned, and it is also a nuisance to society. Newspapers and news magazine media repeatedly recommend shukatsu activities to people (making preparations for their own end-of-life and death) and “grave closing” actions as a choice to avoid inconveniencing their descendants and society. They regard unmarked graves as deserted, lonely, or a nuisance. People are being driven to shukatsu through such media coverage.departmental bulletin pape
Challenges to combat climate change and COP 26 outcome
Get PDFClimate change policy requires the collective action of the world community. Although the reduction of green-house gas (GHG) is the traightforward means to resolving the issues arising from climate change, the world community fails to collectively agree on the scientifically proven GHG reduction target. This paper explains the reasons for this failure, describes the international negotiation platform called Conference of Parties (COP) process under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), reviews the outcome of the 26th COP meeting held in late 2021 in Glasgow, United Kingdom, and finally introduces the 1987 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer as a successful example of the world community which acted collectively to stop the ozone depletion. Although the member states publicly argued for stronger collective action to combat climate change, COP 26, in the end, fell short of meeting the growing expectations by youths for drastic action. The outcome document “Glasgow Climate Pact” embodies compromising elements reflecting the difficulties for collective action under the UNFCCC regime.departmental bulletin pape
Activities in the early days of“Mothers’Meeting”at Toyo Eiwa Kindergarten before World War II: Focusing on the Examination of the“Mothers’Meeting”Records Notebook
Get PDFThis study examines the specific activities of the Early“Mothers’Meeting”at the Toyo Eiwa Kindergarten by, referring to records made between September 1925 and March 1930 and, articles in the Annual Report of The Japan Kindergarten Union. The Annual Report was written by Katharine Drake, a female missionary who was the director of the Toyo Eiwa Kindergarten, and the leader of the Kindergarten Normal School Department of the Toyo Eiwa Jogakko. Drake’ s ideas were utilized in the Mothers’Meeting, which was established as a voluntary activity to improve motherhood. It further became clear that the meetings were also a place of learning for the Kindergarten Normal School students.誤表記修正のためPDF差し替え(2022年5月20日）departmental bulletin pape
終末期の高齢患者と家族における“死の受容”に関する死生学的研究：“生きる希望”という観点から考察する終末期医療に対する患者・家族の思い
Get PDF東洋英和女学院大学大学院博士2021doctoral thesi