Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (JIPVET - Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science)
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Chemical composition and carbohydrates of seaweed Sargassum sp. with different drying methods
No full textSargassum sp., a brown seaweed abundant in Semau Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, has potential as an alternative feed source in animal nutrition due to its rich chemical composition. This study aimed to determine Sargassum sp.'s chemical and carbohydrate composition using different drying methods to evaluate its suitability as livestock feed. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments—sun drying, oven drying at 60°C, and air drying—and five replications were employed. Using standard proximate analysis, fresh seaweed samples were dried according to the treatments and analyzed for dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and carbohydrate content. The results showed that the drying method significantly affected (P < 0.05) the dry matter, moisture content, ash content, organic matter, crude protein, and crude fat of Sargassum sp. but had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on crude fiber and carbohydrate content. Air-dried samples exhibited the highest crude protein content (6.38%) compared to sun-dried (4.71%) and oven-dried (4.94%) samples, indicating better preservation of protein at lower temperatures. Crude fat content was highest in sun-dried samples (0.56%) and lowest in air-dried samples (0.24%). Carbohydrate content ranged from 52.83% to 54.00% across all treatments without significant differences. These findings suggest that air drying is the most effective method for retaining the nutritional components of Sargassum sp., enhancing its potential as a valuable ingredient in animal feed formulations. The drying method significantly influences Sargassum sp. seaweed's chemical composition. Air drying preserves key nutritional components, making it the recommended method for processing Sargassum sp. for use in animal nutrition
Zinc deficiency in ruminants and its management: A brief review
No full textMinerals are organic substances found in nature and living things. In ruminants, minerals are one of the crucial components of the body. One of the mineral elements that is very important for the body is Zinc (Zn). The prominent role of Zn in ruminants is the synthesis and degradation of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and nucleic acids. Ruminants can experience Zn deficiency by showing clinical symptoms such as dermatitis, anorexia and parakeratosis, stunted growth, and nail damage. In contrast, ruminants can also experience Zn poisoning with various clinical symptoms such as general weakness, diarrhea, hemolytic anemia, and decreased body weight. Current Zn deficiency can be overcome by adding commercial supplement products containing Zn. This paper aims to add brief insights into the benefits and treatment of Zn deficiency in ruminants
Extended-spectrum beta-laktamase (ESBL) enzyme producing bacteria isolated from rectal swabs of around animals in dairy farms
No full textThis study aims to identify bacterial contamination of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli producing Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) isolated from rectal swabs of local animals on a dairy farm in Deyeng Village, Kediri, East Java. Interviews and observations were conducted with farmers to obtain the required risk factor data (cleanliness of drinking and eating places, drinking water sources, and administration of antibiotics to livestock). The number of samples tested in this study was 34 samples, including 12 chicken samples, 8 goat samples, 5 duck samples, 4 rabbit samples, 3 cat samples and 2 goose samples. Samples were isolated on MCA media + cefotaxime 1 mg/l and isolated again on MCA media without the addition of antibiotics to multiply pure bacterial colonies. The tests carried out to determine the presence of ESBL-producing bacteria are biochemical tests, namely the IMViC test (Indole, Methyl red, Voges-Proskauer, Citrate Utilization), TSIA (Triple Sugar Iron Agar) test, gram staining, and the Double Disk Standard Method test using β-lactam disc antibiotics, namely cefotaxime 30μg, ceftazidime 30μg, and amoxycilline-clavulanate acid 30μg. The results of this research were that 6 samples or 17.6% of ESBL-producing bacteria were identified from poultry groups (chickens, ducks and geese) from dairy farms in Deyeng Village, Kediri Regency, East Java
Pengaruh pemberian isi rumen sapi terhadap kualitas fisik dan kimia UMB (Urea Molasses Block): The effect of feeding cow rumen contents on the physical and chemical quality of UMB (Urea Molasses Block)
No full textAbstract
Urea Molasses Block (UMB) is a supplement feed for ruminants, in solid form which is rich in nutrients. The contents of the rumen can potentially be used as an additional ingredient for the manufacture of supplements in ruminants. However, the quality of the rumen content supplements produced still needs to be studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional content of urea molasses blocks fed with bovine rumen contents at several concentrations and without bovine rumen contents. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments, namely P0: UMB without rumen content, P1: UMB + 10% rumen content, P2: UMB + 20% rumen content, and P3: UMB + 30% rumen content, respectively treatment there were 3 replications. Based on the results of statistical analysis, it can be concluded that the addition of cow's rumen content to Urea Molasses Block (UMB) at various concentrations can affect the physical and chemical qualities of UMB. The more addition of rumen contents as a mixture of Urea Molasses Block (UMB), the higher the crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat and water content but the lower the dry matter. The treatment with the best results was P3 (UMB + 30% rumen content) with a crude protein value of 12.11%, 18.87% crude fiber, 8.92% crude fat, and 67.78% dry matter.
Keywords: Feed for ruminan; Nutrient content; Urea molasses block
Abstrak
Urea Molases Block (UMB) adalah pakan suplemen untuk ternak ruminansia, berbentuk padat yang kaya dengan zat-zat makanan. Isi rumen berpotensi dapat dijadikan bahan tambahan untuk pembuatan suplemen pada ternak ruminansia. Namun kualitas suplemen isi rumen yang dihasilkan masih perlu untuk dikaji. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kandungan nutrisi urea molases blok yang diberi isi rumen sapipada beberapa konsentrasi dan tanpa isi rumen sapi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan yaitu P0: UMB tanpaisi rumen, P1: UMB + 10% isi rumen, P2: UMB + 20% isi rumen, dan P3: UMB + 30% isi rumen, masing –masing perlakuan terdapat 3 ulangan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan isi rumen sapi terhadap Urea Molasses Block (UMB) pada berbagai konsentrasi dapat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas fisik dan kualitas kimia UMB. Semakin banyak penambahan isi rumen sebagai bahan campuran Urea Molasses Block (UMB) maka kandungan protein kasar, serat kasar, lemak kasar dan kadar air semakin tinggi tetapi bahan kering semakin rendah. Perlakuan yang memiliki hasil terbaik adalah P3 (UMB + 30% isi rumen) dengan nilai protein kasar 12,11%, serat kasar 18,87%, lemak kasar 8,92%, dan bahan kering 67,78%.
Kata kunci: Kandungan nutrisi; Pakan ruminansia; Urea molasses bloc
Curahan tenaga kerja dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemeliharaan entok di Distrik Wanggar Kabupaten Nabire : Outpouring of labor and factors affecting duck cultivation in Wanggar District, Nabire Regency
No full textAbstract
This study aims to determine the amount of labor outpouring of duck farming and determine the effect of the number of livestock ownership, cage area, area for raising ducks freely, livestock experience on the outpouring of entok farming labor. This research was conducted in Wanggar District, Nabire Regency on July 4 – 24, 2022. The method used in this study is the descriptive method. The subject of this study was an entok breeder in Wanggar District, the sample of respondents studied was 52 breeders. The data analysis used is descriptive statistical analysis and to find out the comparison, multiple linear analysis is used with the stepwise method.
The results of this study were obtained: (1) The outpouring of entok maintenance labor in Wanggar District has an average of 29.04 HOK/breeder/year with a standard deviation of 10.62 HOK/breeder/year. (2) The number of livestock ownership, the area of the pen, the area of the barn, and the experience of raising livestock together have no effect on the outpouring of labor. (3) The results of the stepwise regression analysis are only the number of livestock ownership which has a significant effect on the outpouring of labor. Every increase in the number of duck will increase the outpouring of labor by 0.1479 HOK / year.
Keywords: Cage area; Farming ducks; Farming experience; Number of Livestock Ownership; Outpouring of Labor.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya curahan tenaga kerja pemeliharaan entok dan mengetahui pengaruh jumlah kepemilikan ternak, luas kandang, luas tempat umbaran, pengalaman beternak terhadap curahan tenaga kerja pemeliharaan entok. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Distrik Wanggar Kabupaten Nabire pada tanggal 4 – 24 Juli 2022. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peternak entok di Distrik Wanggar, Sampel responden yang diteliti sebanyak 52 peternak. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis statistika deskriptif dan untuk mengetahui perbandingan digunakan analisis linear berganda dengan metode stepwise.
Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh: (1) Curahan tenaga kerja pemeliharaan entok di Distrik Wanggar memiliki rata-rata sebesar 29,04 HOK/peternak/tahun dengan standar deviasi sebesar 10,62 HOK/peternak/tahun. (2) Jumlah kepemilikan ternak, luas kandang, luas tempat umbaran, dan pengalaman beternak secara bersama-sama tidak berpengaruh terhadap curahan tenaga kerja. (3) Hasil analisis regresi stepwise hanya jumlah kepemilikan ternak yang memiliki pengaruh nyata terhadap curahan tenaga kerja. Setiap kenaikan jumlah ternak entok akan menambah curahan tenaga kerja sebesar 0.1479 HOK/tahun..
Kata kunci: Curahan Tenaga Kerja; Jumlah Kepemilikan Ternak; Luas kandang, Pemeliharaan Entok; Pengalaman beterna
Pengaruh perendaman daging sapi dalam air rebusan daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum) terhadap kualitas kimia: The effect of soaking beef in booting water of salam leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) on chemical quality
No full textAbstract
Beef is a food source from livestock that contains high nutrients. Beef is a source of animal protein that is easily digested in the human body. One way to prevent damage to beef is preservation by soaking the meat in boiling water of bay leaves. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of storage time of beef that has been soaked with boiled water of bay leaves on chemical quality. This research method uses Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The data obtained were analyzed statistically using Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA). If there is a significant significant difference between treatments, the test is continued with Duncan Multiple Range (DMRT). Parameters observed in this study included pH, water content, dissolved protein and phenol tests. The results showed that the length of storage of beef that had been soaked in boiling water of bay leaves was non-significant (P>0.1) on the pH value and water content but was significantly different (P<0.05) on dissolved protein and significantly different (very significant). P<0.01) to phenol. The longer the storage of beef in the refrigerator will increase the water content and dissolved protein but not with phenol.
Keywords: Beef; Boiled water of bay leaves; Chemical quality
Abstrak
Daging sapi merupakan bahan pangan asal ternak yang mengandung nutrisi tinggi. Daging sapi adalah sumber protein hewani yang mudah dicerna di dalam tubuh manusia. Salah satu cara untuk menghambat kerusakan daging sapi adalah pengawetan dengan merendam daging dengan air rebusan daun salam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama penyimpanan daging sapi yang telah direndam dengan air rebusan daun salam terhadap kualitas kimia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan Analisis Of Variance (ANOVA). Apabila terdapat beda nyata yang signifikan antar perlakuan, uji dilanjutkan dengan Duncan Multiple Range (DMRT). Parameter pengamatan penelitian ini meliputi uji pH, kadar air, protein terlarut dan fenol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lama penyimpanan daging sapi yang telah direndam dengan air rebusan daun salam non signifikan (P>0,1) terhadap nilai pH dan kadar air namun signifikan berbeda nyata (P<0,05) terhadap protein terlarut dan signifikan berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap fenol. Semakin lama penyimpanan daging sapi di refrigerator akan meningkatkan kadar air dan protein terlarut tetapai tidak dengan fenol.
Kata kunci: Air rebusan daun salam; Daging sapi; Kualitas kimi
Growth of Indigofera zolingeriana with differences in source of cuttings and planting media
No full textThis study investigates the effect of different cutting types and planting media on the growth of Indigofera zollingeriana, a valuable forage crop. The research used a factorial randomized block design (2 x 2) with 40 experimental units. The treatments included two cutting sources—stem cuttings (A1) and shoot cuttings (A2)—and two planting media—natural soil (B1) and natural soil supplemented with liquid organic fertilizer from rabbit urine (B2). Growth parameters such as the number of leaves, plant height, and stem diameter were measured. The results indicate that cutting type significantly affects leaf production, with shoot cuttings (A2) producing a higher number of leaves than stem cuttings (A1) (P<0.05). However, the planting media and its interaction with the cutting type had no significant impact on plant height and stem diameter (P>0.05). These findings suggest that using shoot cuttings could enhance the propagation and growth of Indigofera zollingeriana for sustainable forage production. Further studies are recommended to explore the long-term effects of organic fertilizer on biomass yield
Feed palatability and consumption of Eclectus Roratus Biaki in The Captivity of Bird and Ochid Park in Biak Numfor
No full textThis study aimed to assess the palatability and feed consumption of bayan parrots (Eclectus roratus biaki) in the captivity at the Bird and Orchid Park in Biak, using a variety of local feed combinations. The feeds consisted of fruits (papaya and bananas) and seeds (mung beans and sweet corn). A total of 8 parrots (4 males and four females) were used, housed in pairs within individual cages. Four treatments were tested: P0 (papaya and banana), P1 (papaya, banana, and mung beans), P2 (papaya, banana, and sweet corn), and P3 (papaya, banana, mung beans, and sweet corn). Feed and water were provided ad libitum and feed consumption was measured by weighing the remaining feed daily. The results indicated that bananas had the highest palatability and consumption across all treatments, with the highest feed consumption occurring in the P3 treatment, which included a combination of fruits and seeds. Palatability index, dry matter intake, and organic matter intake were higher when parrots were offered a varied diet. No significant differences were found between treatments in daily consumption, but the variety in feed combinations led to improved consumption patterns. The findings suggest that providing a balanced and varied diet consisting of fruits and seeds is crucial for optimizing bayan parrots' nutritional intake and health in captivity. This study contributes to improved feeding strategies for captive management and conservation efforts, ensuring the well-being of this endemic species.
Nutritional quality of fermented bran using aspergillus niger with different incubation time
No full textThis study aims to determine the effect of long fermentation of rice bran using Aspergillus niger fungus on the content of dry matter (BK), crude protein (PK), and crude fiber (SK). This study used a unidirectional pattern Complete Randomized Design (RAL) with four treatments, and each treatment was repeated three times, namely T0: Fermentation of bran using 2.5% Aspergillus niger for 0 days. Q1: Fermentation of bran using 2.5% Aspergillus niger for 3 days. Q2: Fermentation of bran using 2.5% Aspergillus niger for 5 days. Q3: Fermentation of bran using 2.5% Aspergillus niger for 7 days. Fermentation of rice bran with the addition of 5 grams of urea and 20 ml of molasses The results showed that the average value of BK obtained T0: 94.43%, T1: 82.53%, T2: 95.41%, and T3: 88.01%. The average PK value was obtained: T0:13.03%, T1:13.27%, T2:14.12%, and T3:15.27%. The average SK value was obtained: T0:16.64%, T1:16.56%, T2:15.78%, and T3:12.76%. The conclusion obtained from this study is that the fermentation period of 0 to 7 days using Aspergillus niger mushrooms as much as 2.5% has a real effect on dry matter and crude fiber but has no real effect on crude protein content
Faktor-faktor pendukung usaha tani ternak ayam ras pedaging di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen: Supporting factors for broiler farming in kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen
No full textAbstract
In Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen, more broiler chickens still need to be produced. Once the variables that affect production are known, optimal production can be carried out. This research aims to examine the variables that affect broiler chicken productivity. A descriptive methodology combined with a case study technique was used to perform the study. Six respondents who grew broiler chickens throughout four production cycles were interviewed and observed during the data collection. The factors affecting production are identified using multiple linear regression. The findings revealed that the number of birds at harvest, average body weight at harvest, depletion, farmer's education, farmer's age, and the number of family members were the factors that influenced (P>0.05) the output of broiler chickens. Breeders should take note of these characteristics in order to boost broiler production.
Keywords: Broiler; Production; Yapen islands
Abstrak
Produksi ayam ras pedaging di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen masih perlu ditingkatkan. Peningkatan produksi secara optimal dapat dilakukan setelah faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi ayam ras pedaging. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan dan wawancara terhadap enam responden dengan empat siklus produksi. Regresi linier berganda digunakan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi (P>0,05) produksi ayam ras pedaging adalah jumlah ayam saat panen, rataan bobot badan ayam saat panen, pendidikan peternak, umur peternak, dan jumlah anggota keluarga peternak. Oleh karena itu untuk meningkatkan produksi ayam ras pedaging maka perternak perlu memperhatikan faktor-faktor tersebut.
Kata kunci: Ayam ras pedaging; Kepulauan Yapen; Produks