Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (JIPVET - Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science)
Not a member yet
224 research outputs found
Sort by
Stochastic frontier modelling of technical efficiency and input elasticities in independent broiler production systems in Sorong Regency, Indonesia
No full textThis study assessed the production performance and technical efficiency of independent broiler farmers in Sorong Regency, Indonesia, using a stochastic frontier framework. The objective of the research is to quantify the influence of major production inputs on output, estimate technical efficiency levels, and evaluate the extent to which inefficiency contributes to variations in broiler performance under open-house production conditions. Primary data were collected from active broiler farmers and analyzed using a Cobb–Douglas stochastic frontier production function estimated through maximum likelihood procedures to obtain input elasticities and individual efficiency scores. The results indicated that broiler production performed competitively, with a performance index of 456, low mortality, and an efficient feed conversion ratio. The production frontier estimation showed that day-old chicks and feed were the dominant determinants of output, while medication, electricity, and fuel inputs did not exert statistically significant effects. Average technical efficiency reached 0.89, with 86.6 percent of farmers operating at high-efficiency levels. The gamma parameter of 0.83 indicated that most output variation stemmed from technical inefficiency rather than random disturbances, underscoring the relevance of managerial capacity in shaping production outcomes. The study concludes that improving the quality of biological inputs and strengthening managerial practices is essential for sustaining productivity among independent broiler farmers. The findings provide empirical guidance for technical training programs, input quality improvement, and targeted interventions to enhance production efficiency in eastern Indonesia
Diversity and potential of nuisance flies as vectors of gastrointestinal parasitic diseases in traditional markets in Surabaya City
No full textNuisance flies are known mechanical vectors capable of transmitting bacterial agents, protozoa, and helminth eggs—particularly Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH)—from traditional market environments to human food. This study aimed to identify the diversity and distribution of nuisance fly species and to investigate the presence of gastrointestinal parasites in these flies at traditional markets in Surabaya City. Fly samples were collected from five traditional markets and examined using native, sedimentation, and flotation techniques under a microscope. Descriptive statistics were employed to analyze species diversity, relative Abundance, frequency, dominance, and Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'). The identified species included Chrysomya megacephala, Chrysomya saffranea, Lucilia sp., Musca domestica, and Sarcophaga sp., with M. domestica being the dominant species across all markets. Endoparasitological examination revealed the presence of protozoa and helminth eggs. Entamoeba sp. was consistently detected (100%) in both fly genera, while Isospora sp. oocysts were exclusively found in M. domestica from Wonokusumo Market. Ancylostoma sp. and Toxocara sp. eggs were identified in M. domestica from several markets and in Chrysomya sp. from Kaliwaron LKMK Market. The presence of these parasites is likely due to the flies’ contact with contaminated substrates such as sewage, market waste, animal carcasses, or vegetables. These findings underscore the importance of nuisance fly surveillance, as these insects not only cause discomfort but also act as vectors of zoonotic pathogens posing health risks to animals and humans
The potential of utilizing food waste as pig feed in Sentani District, Jayapura Regency
No full textThe increasing demand for sustainable livestock feed sources has sparked interest in the reutilization of food waste. This study aims to assess the quantity, types, and nutritional content of food waste generated from households, restaurants, and hotels in Sentani District, Papua, Indonesia, and evaluate its potential as an alternative feed for pigs. A descriptive mixed-method approach was employed, involving field surveys, structured interviews, and laboratory analysis. Daily food waste production was highest in hotels (33.00 kg/day), followed by restaurants (8.64 kg/day) and households (5.33 kg/day). Nutritional analysis showed that dry matter content was highest in restaurant waste (29.74%), moderate in hotel waste (28.03%), and lowest in household waste (17.19%). The study reveals that hotel and restaurant waste is richer in nutrients and more consistently available, making it a more suitable feed source. However, high moisture content in household waste necessitates prompt handling and processing. These findings highlight the potential of food waste to enhance feed sustainability, reduce costs, and support environmentally responsible livestock practices in rural Papua New Guinea
Bibliometric analysis of feed additive use in Indonesia: Trends, clusters, and future prospects
No full textFeed additives are essential to improve the efficiency of livestock production and the sustainability of the livestock sector. The study aims to analyze the trend of feed additive research in Indonesia with a bibliometric approach. The method is to collect bibliographic data from Scopus metadata with documents published from 2010-2024. The results of a systematic search collected 51 papers that were analyzed to identify trends and patterns of researchers. The analysis results show that publications regarding feed additives have fluctuated and reached the peak of publications in 2021. The three main clusters identified are (1) the impact of feed additives on livestock productivity, (2) the advancement of bioinformatics in feed formulation, and (3) the investigation of plant secondary metabolites as an alternative to feed additives. In addition, using secondary metabolite compounds from plants as feed additives is predicted to develop in livestock, especially poultry. This bibliometric approach provides strategic insights for future feed additive research, supporting the sustainability of the livestock industry in Indonesia
Pengaruh pemberian asam sitrat dan prebiotik mos hasil hidrolisis bungkil inti sawit terhadap rasio efesiensi protein ayam broiler: The effect of citric acid and mos prebiotic results from hydrolisis of palm kernel cake on protein efficiency ratio in broiler chickens
No full textAbstract
This research aims to see the effect of giving Mannan Oligosaccharides (MOS) and citric acid at different levels on the protein efficiency ratio of broiler chickens. The research was carried out in a poultry experimental cage at the Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Jambi University using 200 Day Old Chicks (DOC) chickens. In this research, the experimental method was used with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments with 4 repetitions. The treatments are P0: without MOS and without citric acid (control), P1: giving 0.25% MOS + 1% citric acid through drinking water, P2: giving 0.25% MOS + 2% citric acid through drinking water, P3: administering 0.5% MOS + 1% citric acid through drinking water, and P4: administering 0.5% MOS + 2% citric acid through drinking water. Data were processed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's advanced test. The results showed that the administration of Mannan Oligosaccharides (MOS) with citric acid had a significant difference (P<0.05) on drinking water consumption, ration consumption, protein consumption, body weight gain and protein efficiency ratio. It was concluded that the protein efficiency ratio with administration of 0.5% Mannan Oligosaccharide (MOS) and 1% citric acid in drinking water was the same as administration without treatment (control). The use of 2% citric acid in drinking water has a significant effect on reducing the protein efficiency ratio of broiler chickens.
Keywords: Citric acid; Mannan oligosaccharide (MOS); Protein efficiency ratio
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian Mannan Oligosakarida (MOS) serta asam sitrat pada level yang berbeda terhadap rasio efisiensi protein ayam broiler. Penelitian dilakukan di kandang percobaan ternak unggas Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Jambi dengan menggunakan 200 ekor ayam Day Old Chicks (DOC). Dalam penelitian ini digunakan Metode experiment dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan 4 pengulangan. Adapun Perlakuan tersebut yaitu P0: tanpa MOS dan tanpa asam sitrat (kontrol), P1: pemberian 0,25% MOS + 1% asam sitrat melalui air minum, P2 : pemberian 0,25% MOS + 2% asam sitrat melalui air minum, P3: pemberian 0,5% MOS + 1% asam sitrat melalui air minum, dan P4: pemberian 0,5% MOS + 2% asam sitrat melalui air minum. Data diolah menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian Mannan Oligosakarida (MOS) dengan asam sitrat berbeda nyata (P<0,05) terhadap konsumsi air minum, konsumsi ransum, konsumsi protein, pertambahan bobot badan, dan rasio efisiensi protein. Disimpulkan bahwa rasio efisiensi protein dengan pemberian 0,5% Mannan Oligosakarida (MOS) dan 1% asam sitrat dalam air minum sama dengan pemberian tanpa perlakuan (kontrol). Penggunaan asam sitrat sebanyak 2% dalam air minum berpengaruh nyata terhadap penurunan rasio efisiensi protein ayam broiler.
Kata kunci: Asam sitra; Mannan oligosakarida (MOS); Rasio efesiensi protei
Perubahan pH, kadar asam laktat, dan ammonia putak yang difermentasi anaerob dengan level nira lontar yang berbeda: pH, lactic acid, and ammonia changes anaerobic fermentation putak with different levels of palmyra sap
No full textAbstract
Putak is a feedstuff as an energy source for livestock, but its high crude fiber content limits its use in feed. In this study, palmyra sap (PS) was used as an additive in fermentation putak. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the level of use of PS in putak fermentation on pH, lactic acid and ammonia. Four treatments and five replications. Treatments were (PN0): fermentation putak without PS (0%); (PN1) putak fermented with 10% PS; (PN2) putak fermented with 20% PS (PN3) putak fermented with 30% PS. Putak fermentation is made with 35% moisture content and fermented for six days. Data on changes in pH, ammonia, and lactic acid were analyzed by analysis of variance and continued with Duncan's multiple range test at a confidence level of 0.05. The results showed that pH, ammonia and lactic acid were significantly (P<0.05) affected by the level of PS. The pH and ammonia levels in the treatment PN0 were significantly higher than the other treatments (PN1, PN2, dan PN3). Lactic acid levels in treatment PN0 were significantly lower (P<0.05) than in treatments PN1, PN2, and PN3. It can be seen that the decrease in pH is inversely proportional to the level of ammonia and directly proportional to the production of lactic acid in the fermented putak. It was concluded that the level of addition of PS affected the value of pH, ammonia, and lactic acid. The addition of 10% dry matter sap produced the highest lactic acid content.
Keywords: Ammonia; Fermentation; Lactic acid; Putak
Abstrak
Putak merupakan pakan sumber energi bagi ternak namun kadar serat kasar yang tinggi membatasi pemanfaatannya dalam pakan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan nira lontar sebagai aditif dalam fermentasi putak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh level penggunaan nira lontar dalam fermentasi putak terhadap pH, NH3 dan asam laktat. Empat perlakuan dan lima ulangan yang dicobakan. Empat perlakuan yaitu (PN0): putak tanpa nira lontar (0%); (PN1) putak ditambahkan 10% nira lontar; (PN2) putak ditambahkan 20% nira lontar; (PN3) putak ditambahkan 30% nira lontar. Semua bahan yang difermentasi dibuat dengan kadar air 35% dan difermentasi selama enam hari. Data perubahan pH, NH3 dan kadar asam laktat dianalisis dengan analisis varians dan dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan pada tingkat kepercayaan 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH, kadar NH3 dan kadar asam laktat nyata (P<0,05) dipengaruhi oleh level nira lontar. pH dan kadar NH3 pada perlakuan tanpa nira lontar (PN0) nyata lebih tinggi dari pada perlakuan lainnya (PN1, PN2 dan PN3). Kadar asam laktat pada perlakuan PN0 nyata lebih rendah (P<0,05) dari pada perlakuan PN1, PN2 dan PN3. Terlihat bahwa penurunan pH berbanding terbalik dengan kadar NH3 dan berbanding lurus dengan produksi asam laktat pada putak yang difermentasi. Disimpulkan bahwa level penambahan nira lontar berpengaruh terhadap nilai pH, NH3 dan asam laktat putak yang difermentasi. Penggunaan 10% nira lontar menghasilkan kadar asam laktat tertinggi.
Kata kunci: Ammonia; Asam laktat; Fermentasi; Puta
Evaluasi karkas berdasarkan umur dan bobot badan ternak sapi di Kabupaten Manokwari: Carcass evaluation based on age and body weight of cattle in Manokwari District
No full textAbstract
The aim of the research was to study the quality of livestock production in relation to carcass quality and body weight. The research was conducted descriptively using exploratory techniques on cattle and their products (carcasses). Research for 1 (one) month at the cattle slaughtering location in Manokwari district, namely the first slaughtering location is Transito Wosi, the second slaughtering location is Rendani and the third location is Wosi Market. Samples were obtained randomly by selecting 86 male cattle which were slaughtered with the following criteria: Age 1-2 years, Age 2-3 years, Age 3-4 years, Age 4-5 years and Age > 5 years. The results of this study indicate that the percentage of cattle slaughtered is based on age, namely 2-3 years of 67.44%, 3-4 years of 43.99%, while the highest carcass weight is in the 3-4 year age category of 162.89 ± 77. 32 kg, and the longest carcass length in the 4-5 year old cattle category was 122.40 ± 11.80 cm. Slaughter weight has a close relationship (94.72%) with carcass weight, carcass percentage and carcass length. Differences in age category had no effect on carcass weight, carcass length and carcass percentage. Body weight is strongly influenced by body length and chest circumference. It is necessary to carry out further research with observations starting from livestock rearing, feed given, livestock handling before to after slaughter, carcass quality (thickness of fat, area of rib eye veins).
Keywords: Beef cattle; Carcass; Morphometric
Abstrak
Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari mutu produksi ternak dengan hubungannya dengan kualitas karkas serta berat badan. Penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan teknik eksplorasi pada ternak sapi dan produknya (karkas). Penelitian selama 1 (satu) bulan pada lokasi pemotongan ternak sapi kabupaten manokwari yaitu lokasi pemotongan I adalah Transito Wosi, lokasi pemotongan II adalah Rendani dan lokasi III adalah Pasar Wosi. Sampel diperoleh secara acak dengan memilih 86 ekor ternak jantan yang disembelih dengan kriteria: Umur 1-2 tahun, Umur 2-3 tahun, Umur 3-4 tahun, Umur 4-5 tahun dan Umur > 5 tahun. Hasil penelitian ini menujukan bahwa Bahwa presentase sapi yang dipotong berdasarakan umur yakni 2 -3 tahun sebesar 67,44%, 3-4 tahun 43,99%, sedangkan bobot karkas tertinggi pada kategori umur 3-4 tahun sebesar 162,89±77,32 kg, serta panjang karkas terpanjang pada kategori umur sapi 4-5 tahun sebesar 122,40±11,80 cm. Bobot potong memiliki hubungan yang erat (94,72 %) dengan bobot karkas, persentase karkas dan panjang karkas. Perbedaan kategori umur tidak berpengaruh terhadap bobot karkas, panjang karkas dan persentase karkas. Bobot badan sangat dipengaruhi oleh panjang badan dan lingkar dada. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan pengamatan yang dimulai dari pemeliharaan ternak, pakan yang diberikan, penanganan ternak sebelum sampai sesudah ternak dipotong, kualitas karkas (tebal lemak, luas urat daging mata rusuk).
Kata kunci: Karkas; Morfometrik; Sapi poton
Pengaruh lama ekuilibrasi suhu dingin dan uap nitrogen cair terhadap kualitas semen kambing boer menggunakan tris-aminomethane yang disuplementasi antioksidan quercetin: Effect of duration in cold temperature and liquid nitrogen vapor equilibration on boer goats semen quality following dillution using tris-aminomethane supplemented antioxidant quercetin
No full textAbstract
Inappropriate equilibration time will reduce the quality of spermatozoa. The aim of this research were knowing the effect of different cold temperature equilbration and liquid nitrogen vapor equilibration time to the quality of Boer goat semen after thawing using tris aminomethane that suplemented with antioxidant quercetin. Semen from 5-year-old, 70 kg Boer goats was equilibrated for 1 hours, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours at 4˚C and for 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes in liquid nitrogen vapor. This study used laboratory experimental methods using Completely Randomized Design 4 x 3 factorial. Observed parameters are motility, viability, abnormality, and membran integrity after thawing. The result showed that 2.5 hours cold temperature equilibration has the best percentage of individual motility, viability, abnormality, and membran integrity after thawing respectively for 40.00±12.06%, 69.58 ± 3.16%, 2.58±0.41%, 31.50±3.10% while 5 minutes in liquid nitrogen vapor has the best percentage individual motility, viability, abnormality, and membran integrity after thawing respectively for 36.88±12.23%, 67.39±5.16%, 2.61±0.34%, 29.53±4.46%. The conclusion is cold temperature equilibration for 2.5 hours and nitrogen vapor equilibration time for 5 minutes are the optimal time treatment combinations for spermatozoa to adjust with low temperatures and maintaining quality after thawing.
Keywords: Boer goat; Cold temperature equilibration; Liquid nitrogen vapor equilibratio; Quercetin; Sperm quality
Abstrak
Waktu ekuilibrasi yang tidak tepat akan menurunkan kualitas spermatozoa. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan ekuilibrasi suhu dingin dan ekuilibrasi pada uap nitrogen cair terhadap kualitas semen kambing Boer setelah dicairkan menggunakan tris aminomethane yang disuplementasi dengan antioksidan quercetin. Materi penelitian menggunakan semen segar yang diambil dari kambing Boer berumur 5 tahun dengan berat badan 70 kg. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode percobaan laboratorium dengan jenis Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial 4 x 3. Faktor pertama adalah waktu kesetimbangan suhu dingin 4˚C (1 jam, 1,5 jam, 2 jam, 2,5 jam). Faktor kedua adalah kesetimbangan uap nitrogen cair (5 menit, 10 menit, 15 menit). Parameter yang diamati adalah motilitas individu, viabilitas, abnormalitas, dan integritas membran spermatozoa setelah thawing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu 2,5 jam memiliki persentase motilitas, viabilitas, abnormalitas, dan integritas membran individu terbaik setelah thawing masing-masing sebesar 40,00±12,06%, 69,58±3,16%, 2,58±0,41%, 31,50±3,10%. Waktu 5 menit dalam memiliki persentase motilitas individu, viabilitas, abnormalitas, dan integritas membran terbaik setelah thawing masing-masing sebesar 36,88±12,23%, 67,39±5,16%, 2,61±0,34%, 29,53±4,46%. Kesimpulannya adalah waktu ekuilibrasi suhu dingin selama 2,5 jam dan waktu ekuilibrasi uap nitrogen selama 5 menit merupakan kombinasi perlakuan waktu yang optimal bagi spermatozoa untuk menyesuaikan diri dengan suhu rendah dan menjaga kualitas setelah thawing.
Kata kunci: Ekuilibrasi suhu dingin; Ekuilibrasi uap nitrogen cair; Kambing boer; Kualitas sperma; Querceti
Analisis pendapatan pengepul ayam kampung di Kecamatan Anjir Pasar Barito Kuala: Income analysis of local breed chicken collectors in Anjir Pasar Barito Kuala District
No full textAbstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the income of local breed chicken collectors at Anjir Market in Anjir Pasar District, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan Province. Respondents in this study were 8 local breed chicken collectors located at Anjir Market in Anjir Pasar District, Barito Kuala Regency, totaling 8 people where the determination was determined purposively, namely all local breed chicken collectors. The data collected in this study are primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained through interviews with collectors using a questionnaire while secondary data was obtained from related parties. The data obtained from the survey was tabulated and then the income of native chicken seller and the R/C ratio were calculated. The results showed that there were 2 marketing channels for local breed chicken collectors, namely: Collectors to onsumers and collectors to Big Collector to consumer. The highest income of local breed chicken seller is IDR 2,574,000 per month and the lowest is IDR 699,000 per month with an average of IDR 1,361,500 per seller per month with the highest R/C value of 1.20 and the lowest 1.09 with an average of 1.14. The overall R/C is greater than 1, so selling local breed chicken is profitable.
Keywords: Collectors; Income analysis; Local breed chicken
Abstrak
Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan pengepul ayam kampung yang ada di Pasar Anjir di Kecamatan Anjir Pasar, Kabupaten Barito Kuala, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah pengepul ayam kampung yang berada Pasar Anjir di Kecamatan Anjir Pasar, Kabupaten Barito Kuala yang berjumlah 8 orang dimana penentuan ditentukan secara purposif yaitu seluruh pengepul ayam kampung. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan pengepul menggunakan kuisioner sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari pihak – pihak terkait. Data yang diperoleh dari survei ditabulasi kemudian dihitung pendapatan pedagang ayam kampung dan R/C rasio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Saluran pemasaran pedagang pengepul ayam kampung ada 2 yaitu: Pengepul ke konsumen dan Pengepul ke Pengepul Besar ke konsumen. Pendapatan pedagang ayam kampung tertinggi Rp 2.574.000 per bulan dan terendah Rp 699.000 per bulan dengan rata-rata Rp 1.361.500 per pedagang per bulan dengan nilai R/C tertinggi 1,20 dan terendah 1,09 dengan rata-rata 1,14. R/C secara keseluruhan lebih besar dari 1, sehingga berdagang ayam kampung menguntungkan.
Kata kunci: Ayam kampung; Pendapatan; Pengepul ayam kampun
Protein efficiency ratio in broiler fed hydrolyzed palm kernel meal-based rations using mannase and cellulase enzymes
No full textThis research aims to see the effect of administering mannanase and cellulase enzymes in the hydrolysis of diets containing palm kernel meal on the protein efficiency ratio in broilers. This research used 200 DOC that were reared for 35 days with a research design in the form of a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications, namely P0 = basal ration, P1 = basal ration + 50 ml mannanase enzyme/Kg ration + 50 ml cellulase enzyme/Kg ration, P2 = basal ration + 50 ml mannanase enzyme/Kg ration + 100 ml cellulase enzyme/Kg ration, P3 = basal ration + 100 ml mannanase enzyme/Kg ration + 50 ml cellulase enzyme/Kg ration, P4 = basal ration + 100 ml mannanase enzyme/Kg ration + 100 ml cellulase enzyme/Kg ration. The variables observed in this study were ration consumption, protein consumption, body weight gain, and protein efficiency ratio. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA); if there was a real effect, then continued with the Duncan test. The results showed that giving rations based on palm kernel meal, which was hydrolyzed using cellulase and mannanase enzymes, had a significant effect (P<0.05) on ration consumption, protein consumption, and body weight gain but had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the ratio protein efficiency. It was concluded that providing a ration based on palm kernel meal hydrolyzed using mannanase and cellulase can be used in broiler chicken ration