Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (JIPVET - Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science)
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Potensi Bentonite Clay Dan Karbon Aktif Sebagai Aflatoksin Binders Berdasarkan Gambaran Imunologis Dan Histopatologis Pada Ayam Buras: Effects of Bentonite Clay and Activated Charcoal as Aflatoxin Binders based on the Immunological and Histopathological Changes in Kampung Chicken
Get PDFAflatoxin is a toxic compound from the fungus A. flavus which can cause a decrease in chicken productivity. This study aims to evaluate the effect of bentonite clay and activated charcoal in chicken feed as aflatoxin binders based on histopathological and immunological features in chickens. A total of 60 chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups (G0, G1, G2, and G3) each group consisted of 15 chickens. G0 as a control without the addition of aflatoxin to the feed. Groups G1, G2, and G3’s feed were added with 106 ppb of aflatoxin. G2 was treated with 5g/kg bentonite clay, G3 was treated with 5g/kg activated charcoal. Chickens were vaccinated with Newcastle Disease (ND) on day 5. On days 14 and 28 serum was collected from the specimens for titer antibody testing. At the end of the study the chickens were dissected, the liver was taken for a histopathological test. The results of the aflatoxin level in the G0, G1, G2, and G3 groups were 10.5, 106, 19.1, and 23.95 ppb, respectively. Microscopic changes show the negative effects of aflatoxin on the liver organ. Group G0 did not show any histopathological changes, Group G2 and G3 showed several mild histopathological changes, whereas group G1 was the most severe. The antibody titers against Newcastle Disease (ND) of 4-weeks old chickens in G0, G1, G2, and G3 were 64, 4, 32, 32 HI units, respectively. The G0 treatment group has a protective titer against ND disease. Group G1 has the lowest (non-protective) ND antibody titer. Whereas the G2 and G3 groups both have protective titers against ND disease. Based on this study it was concluded that the administration of bentonite clay and activated charcoal was able to produce better immunological and histopathological features than the control group
Profil Darah Pada Kucing Selama Proses Kesembuhan Luka Melalui Teknik Skin Flaps Rotasi Yang Dirawat Dengan Dry Dressing Dan Moist Dressing: Blood Profile of Cats during the Wound Healing Process using the Rotation Flap with both Dry and Moist Dressing
Get PDFThe skin flap is one of the techniques employed to reconstruct defects and close wounds. This study aims to observe the blood profile in cats during the healing process of rotation skin flaps that were treated with a dry and moist dressing. This study used six male cats within the age of 1-2 years old and weighed among 2-4 kg, divided into two treatment groups. All of the specimens were treated with the following procedure; the fur on the abdominal area was shaved and disinfectant was applied to the area between the os sacrum and os femur, lastly, 2 cm2 triangle wound was deliberately made on the area. The treatment of the wound was done by the rotation skin flaps method. Group 1 was treated with sterile bandage and group 2 was treated with sofratulle®. Blood samples were taken from the cephalica antebrachii vein on the 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 12th days. The erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, leukocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes were counted by hematology analyzer. The results showed that there is a significant difference (P<0.05) in the increase of neutrophil levels between the group treated with sterile kassa (P-1) and the group treated with sofratulle® (P-2). The number of the cats’ red blood cells rose on the 3rd day and rose again on the 12th day after the treatment with a significant difference (P<0.05) during the observation. In conclusion, the rotation flaps treatment method with dry dressing and moist dressing in the wound healing process affected the cats’ blood profile and the moist dressing was preferred to the dry dressing. 
Sifat fisik, Organoleptic dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Sosis Ayam dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata l.): Physical, Organoleptic and Antioxidant Quality of Chicken Sausage with Soursop Leaf Extract (Annona muricata l.) Addition
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the effect of adding soursop leaf extract (SLE) at level 0 (control), 2, 4, and 6% (the weight of SLE /the weight of the dough) on the physical, organoleptic and antioxidant qualities of chicken sausages. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used in this study. Data analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and further tested using the Least Significant Difference Test (LSD). The results showed that differences in SLE levels did not significantly affect the physical quality of chicken sausages, but did change the color, aroma, texture, and taste. The color, smell, texture, and taste of chicken sausage with the addition of 6% SLE showed results that appeared to be greener, had a stronger soursop aroma, more elastic, and tasted more bitter than the other treatments (P <0.05). The lowest antioxidant activity was shown by SLE 0% in both the dough (39.78%) and cooked sausage (17.10%). The highest antioxidant activity was SLE 6%, with antioxidant activity of 57.63% in the dough and 37.43% in cooked sausages. The addition of chicken sausage does not affect physical quality but has a significant impact on the soursop leaf extract test on organoleptic color, aroma, texture, and taste. The best organoleptic quality is demonstrated at 4% SLE. The addition of soursop leaf extract level is accompanied by increased levels of antioxidants both in the dough and in cooked sausage
Prevalensi dan Analisis Faktor Risiko Multidrug Resistance Bakteri Escherichia coli pada Ayam Komersial di Kabupaten Blitar: Prevalence and Risk Factors Analysis of Multidrug Resistance of Escherichia coli Bacteria in Commercial Chicken, Blitar District
Get PDFMultidrug resistance is a problem that is difficult to overcome in terms of treating infectious diseases. Multidrug resistance is the term used to describe when a bacteria is resistant to three or more different classes of antibiotics. Escherichia coli as a commensal bacterium which has multidrug resistance, this causes more issues because Escherichia coli can transfer its resistant properties to other bacteria within the poultry digestive tract. The observational study is used to determine the risk factors and to estimate the quantitative effects arising from various components that contribute to the emergence of a disease. The sampling in this study was carried out randomly through cloaca swabs from commercial chicken farms in Blitar and 345 samples were collected. Complementary data collection was carried out using questionnaires, interviews, and field observations. The results showed the incidence of multidrug resistance in commercial chickens in the Blitar District was 72.5%. There is a relationship between causative factors with the incidence of multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli bacteria that is significantly associated with positive risk factors. The strength of this relationship can be seen from the value of OR and RR, among others factors of chicken breed (OR = 3.07; RR = 1.34), breeder's education (OR = 2.3; RR = 1.29), type of livestock business (OR = 7.5; RR = 1.43), type of animal feed (OR = 1.91; RR = 1.2), veterinary support for livestock raising management (OR = 3.09; RR = 1.44). The reference variables are whether the antibiotics are administered by non-veterinarians (OR = 2.35) or by the TS (OR = 7.92), and whether there is an antibiotic administration program (OR = 3.16; RR = 1.47). The overseeing function of farm maintenance, management, and implementation of antimicrobial administration in commercial chicken farms needs to be improved, to increase breeders' awareness of the careful usage of antibiotics and controlling the incidence of antibiotic resistance
Keracunan Parasetamol Pada Kucing Dan Anjing: Gejala Klinis dan Terapi: Paracetamol Poisoning in Cats and Dogs: Clinical Symptoms and Therapy
Get PDFAcetaminophen, commonly known as paracetamol, is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used in human medicine for its antipyretic and analgesic action. As paracetamol became readily available in many over-the-counter and no-prescription products, reports of paracetamol poisoning in dogs and cats became more common. The toxicity of paracetamol is more pronounced in cats when compared to dogs. Clinical signs of paracetamol toxicity include depression, weakness, tachypnea, dyspnea, vomiting, hypothermia, facial or paw edema, hepatic necrosis, and death. The characteristics of severe paracetamol poisoning are methemoglobinemia, cyanosis, anemia, and jaundice. Although there are no specific antidotes, acetylcysteine is the drug of choice for paracetamol poisoning treatment. Symptomatic and supportive therapies play a more definitive role in the management of paracetamol poisoning. This paper aims to briefly review the clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of paracetamol poisoning in dogs and cats
Distribusi Skabies pada Peternakan Sapi Potong di Kabupaten Barru Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan: Distribution of Scabies in Beef Cattle in Barru District, South Sulawesi
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Beef cattle farms in Barru district are susceptible to various diseases, including scabies. This study aims to analyze data about the distribution of disease temporally by measuring the spreading speed, and spatially by mapping risk areas for scabies over the past three years. The data of this study was collected using the records from Dinas Peternakan and conducting interviews using structured questionnaires. This research was a descriptive study by measuring the incidence rate and describing the risk map using geographic information system (GIS). The results of this study indicate that, based on the incidence rate, the average distribution rate of scabies in beef cattle in Barru is 13 cases per 10.000 head/year. This incidence rate always increases every year. Furthermore, the highest incidence of the disease occurs in Mallusetasi with an incidence rate of 35 cases per 10 000 head/year. The three areas that are classified as high risk are Mallusetasi, Tanete Riaja, and Barru. Control measures that have been carried out were not successful to reduce the spread of the disease.
Keywords : Beef cattle; Distribution; Incidence rate; Risk; Scabies
Abstrak
Peternakan sapi potong di Kabupaten Barru rentan terhadap berbagai penyakit, termasuk skabies. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis data distribusi kejadian penyakit secara temporal dengan mengukur kecepatan penyebaran, dan secara spasial dengan memetakan wilayah berisiko skabies selama tiga tahun terakhir. Data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan rekapan dari Dinas Peternakan dan wawancara mendalam menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode deskriptif dengan mengukur incidence rate dan menggambarkan peta risiko menggunakan geographic information system (GIS). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan incidence rate, kecepatan rata-rata penyebaran skabies pada sapi potong di Kabupaten Barru sebesar 13 kasus per 10000 ekor—tahun. Nilai incidence rate tersebut selalu meningkat setiap tahunnya. Kejadian penyakit paling tinggi terjadi di kecamatan Mallusetasi dengan incidence rate sebesar 35 kasus per 10000 ekor—tahun. Terdapat 2 wilayah yang tergolong ke dalam risiko tinggi, yaitu Kecamatan Mallusetasi dan Kecamatan Tanete Riaja. Tindakan pengendalian yang telah dilakukan belum berhasil dalam mengurangi kecepatan penyebaran penyakit.
Kata kunci: Sapi potong; Incidence rate; Penyebaran; Risiko; Skabie
Kualitas Telur Puyuh Selama Penyimpanan dan Temperatur yang Berbeda: The Quality of Quail Egg on Different Storage Time and Temperature
Get PDFThe objective of this study is to determine the quality of quail eggs stored at room temperature and refrigerated. The variables evaluated are weight loss, shape index, air cell size, and the height of both the albumen and the yolk. Several factors, such as storage time and temperature could affect the quality of quail eggs. Therefore, we investigated the impact of both factors. The samples used for this experiment include 360 quail eggs. This research uses a completely randomized factorial design with two treatments. The treatments consisted of storage time (0, 7, 14, and 21 days) and temperature (room temperature and refrigerator). Each treatment was replicated 9 times. Analyses of variance had been applied to analyze the data and followed with Duncan’s test to see whether there was a significant difference between treatments. The result showed that storage time and temperature have significant effects on weight loss of the eggs, air cell size, and albumen and yolk height. The interaction between treatments had a significant impact on air cell size and yolk height. Refrigerated storage for 21 days showed the best result
Potensi Legum Pohon “Dema†Asal Kabupaten Sarmi Papua Sebagai Hijauan Pakan: The Potential of Dema Tree Legume in Sarmi Papua as a Forage
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A preliminary study was carried out to determine the potential of dema tree legumes from Sarmi Papua as forage. Dema is the name of the local language for this legume. This study was conducted for 10 months in Sarmi regency, using a case study method with survey techniques, interviews, and laboratory analysis. The observations made included identification of species, morphology, and habitat as well as nutrient content. The results of this study indicate that there are two species of dema legume, the morphology was different in habitat description and leaf morphology. Propagations are by stem cuttings and seeds. The legumes nutritional content are 18.87% crude protein, 16.18% crude fiber, 3.97% calcium, and 17 amino acids. Forage production is around 2-4 kg/tree/3 months. Species identified as Ormocarpum orientale. The conclusion is dema legume has potential as forages.
Keywords : Forages; Legumes; Potency; Sarmi
Abstrak
Suatu studi awal telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi leguminosa pohon “dema†asal Kabupaten Sarmi Propinsi Papua sebagai hijauan pakan. Dema merupakan nama dari bahasa lokal untuk menyebut legume ini. Studi dilakukan selama 10 bulan, bertempat di kabupaten Sarmi, menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan teknik survei, wawancara dan analisis laboratorium. Pengamatan yang dilakukan meliputi identifikasi spesies, morfologi dan habitat serta kandungan gizi. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 2 spesies legume dema, morfologinya spesifik pada deskripsi habitat dan morfologi daun. Perkembangbiaknnya dengan stek batang dan biji. Selanjutnya legume dema memiliki kandungan protein kasar sebesar 18,87%, serat kasar 16,18%, Kalsium (Ca) 3,97% dan juga 17 asam amino. Produksi hijauannya, 2-4 kg/pohon/3 bulan dan spesies teridentifikasi dengan nama Ormocarpum orientale. Dengan demikian berpotensi sebagai hijauan pakan.
Kata kunci: Hijauan pakan; Legume pohon; Potensi; Sarm
Pengaruh Berbagai Aditif terhadap Kandungan Serat Kasar dan Mineral Silase Kulit Pisang Kepok: The effect of various additives on crude fiber and mineral content of kepok banana peels silage
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Banana peels are rarely utilized as feedstuff alternatives due to their high content of crude fiber. Crude fiber can be reduced by biological treatment, specifically by making silage. One of the factors that influence the quality of silage is additives in the form of soluble carbohydrates. The purpose of this study was to examine crude fiber, calcium, and phosphorus banana peels silage by adding different additives. The silage of banana peel in this study used soluble carbohydrates such as rice bran, tapioca starch, and palm syrup, followed with a 21 days fermentation. This study was conducted with four treatments and five replications. The treatments were: P0 = banana peels without additives, P1 = banana peels + 5% rice bran, P2 = banana peels + 5% tapioca starch, P3 = banana peels + 5% palm syrup. Parameters measured in this study were the content of crude fiber, Ca, and P. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and followed by Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that the inclusion of rice bran, tapioca starch, and palm syrup by 5% reduce the crude fiber amount while also increase calcium and phosphorus levels in banana peels. The inclusion of tapioca starch as an additive by 5% had the highest reduction of crude fiber. The highest increase in calcium and phosphorus levels were obtained by adding 5% rice bran as a silage additive. The conclusion is the inclusion of soluble carbohydrates as additives not only reduce crude fiber content but also increase mineral content in banana peels.
Keywords: Banana peels; Crude fiber; Calcium; Phosporus
Abstrak
Kulit pisang jarang dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pakan alternatif, karena kadar serat kasar yang tinggi. Serat kasar dapat dikurangi dengan proses pengolahan biologi yaitu dengan pembuatan silase. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas silase adalah aditif silase seperti karbohidrat mudah larut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji kadar serat kasar, kalsium, dan fosfor kulit pisang yang ditambahkan aditif yang berbeda. Pembuatan silase kulit pisang dalam penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa karbohidrat mudah larut seperti dedak padi, tepung tapioka dan gula air dan difermentasi selama 21 hari. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuannya adalah: P0 = silase kulit pisang tanpa aditif, P1 = kulit pisang +5% dedak padi, P2 = kulit pisang + 5% tapioka, P3 = kulit pisang + 5% gula air. Parameter yang diukur meliputi kandungan serat kasar, Ca dan P. Data dianalisis anova dan dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan dedak padi, tapioka dan gula air sebanyak 5% menurunkan serat kasar, dan meningkatkan kadar kalsium dan fosfor kulit pisang. Penurunan serat kasar tertinggi tertinggi pada penggunaan tapioka sebagai aditif dan mineral kalsium dan fosfor tertinggi pada penggunaan 5% dedak padi sebagai aditif silase. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan karbohidrat mudah larut sebagai aditif mampu menurunkan kadar serat kasar dan meningkatkan kandungan mineral pada kulit pisang.
Kata kunci: Kulit pisang; Serat kasar; Kalsium; Fosfo
Pemanfaatan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Terhadap Kualitas Pertumbuhan Ayam Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan di Jayapura, Papua: Utilization of Moringa oleifera Leaves on Growth Quality of Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan Chicken in Jayapura, Papua
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Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB) chicken is a new improved variety of native chicken produced by the Agency for Agricultural Research and Development. In order to increase the productivity of KUB chickens, high quality feed ingredients are needed, one of the local feeds that has good nutritional content for chicken is Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal (MOLM). Moringa, a type of legume crop, can be used as a good source of protein for chicken growth. This study aims to determine the effect of MOLM on the quality of KUB chicken growth. Forty KUB chickens aged 6 weeks were allocated in this study and divided into 2 treatment groups, namely (i) T0 = without MOLM treatment; (ii) T1 = 5% MOLM treatment. Data were statistically analyzed using independent sample t-2 test or non-paired t test (non paired system) using Microsoft Excel application program. The parameters observed include body weight gain, body weight, feed consumption and feed conversion. The results showed that the addition of 5% MOLM to diet KUB chicken had a significant effect on an average body weight of 1,552.5 g/bird at 18 weeks, body weight gain of 1,000 g/bird, feed consumption of 5,720 g/bird and improve the feed conversion of 5.15. While those without added MOLM have an average body weight of 1,207 g/bird at 18 weeks, body weight gain of 723 g/bird, feed consumption is 5,150 g/bird, and feed conversion of 6.75.
Keywords: Feed; Growth quality; KUB chicken; Moringa oleifera leaf meal;
Abstrak
Ayam KUB Balitbangtan merupakan varietas unggul baru ayam kampung hasil produksi Badan Litbang Pertanian. Untuk meningkatkan produktivitas ayam KUB diperlukan bahan pakan yang berkualitas, salah satu pakan lokal yang memiliki kandungan gizi yang baik untuk ayam adalah tanaman Kelor (Moringa oleifera). Kelor, sejenis leguminosa yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber protein untuk pertumbuhan ayam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tepung daun kelor/MOLM terhadap kualitas pertumbuhan ayam KUB. Empat puluh ekor ayam KUB umur 6 minggu dialokasikan dalam penelitian ini dan dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok perlakuan yaitu (i) T0 = perlakuan tanpa kelor; (ii) T1 = perlakuan daun kelor 5%. Data dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji independent sample t-2 atau non paired t test (non paired system) menggunakan program aplikasi Microsoft Excel. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pertambahan bobot badan, bobot akhir, konsumsi pakan dan konversi pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan MOLM 5% pada pakan ayam KUB berpengaruh nyata terhadap rata-rata bobot badan akhir 1.552,5 g/ekor selama 18 minggu, pertambahan bobot badan 1.000 g/ekor, konsumsi pakan 5.720 g/ekor dan nilai konversi pakan 5,15 sedangkan yang tidak diberi MOLM memiliki bobot badan akhir rata-rata 1.207 g/ekor selama 18 minggu, pertambahan bobot badan 723 g/ekor, konsumsi pakan 5.150 g/ekor, dan konversi pakan 6,75.
Kata kunci: Ayam KUB; Kualitas pertumbuhan; Pakan; Tepung daun kelo