Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (JIPVET - Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science)
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Karakteristik Telur Berdasarkan Umur Ayam dan Ransum yang Diberikan: The Eggs' Properties Based on Layers' Age and Feed Types
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This study aimed to observe the properties of eggs produced based on laying age and different feed compositions. This research was conducted in September 2017 at Cahaya Mario Group Farm, Puncak Mario, Sidenreng Rappang Regency, South Sulawesi. The materials used in this research were; 45 Lohman-strain layers, a digital scale with 0,001 g sensitivity, calipers, needle scales with 0,1 g sensitivity, buckets, feedlots, water containers, plastic bags, plates, and cleaning tools. Randomized Block Design was applied in this work which consisted of 3 different feed types and 3 different age groups of layers with 3 replications. The parameters measured in this study consisted of the egg's exterior and interior qualities. Based on statistical analysis, feed types and age groups showed no significant effect on the external quality of the eggs namely the egg’s shell thickness as well as no significant effect on eggs weight. The egg’s shell thickness varied from 0.42 to 0.44 mm. Interior quality, especially yolk color, was significantly influenced by age groups. The egg’s viscosity was significantly influenced by different feed types.
Keywords: Egg properties; Egg viscosity; Yolk color; Lohman-strain; Layer.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengobservasi karaktersitik telur berdasarkan umur ayam dan perbedaan komposisi ransum yang diberikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di bulan Agustus hingga September 2017 bertempat di Farm Cahaya Mario Group, Puncak Mario, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang, Sulawesi Selatan. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu : ayam Lohman sebanyak 45 ekor, timbangan digital dengan kepekaan 0,001 g, jangka sorong, timbangan jarum dengan kepekaan 0,1 g, ember, tempat ransum, tempat minum, plastik, piring dan alat kebersihan. Tiga (3) jenis ransum diberikan pada tiga (3) kelompok umumr ayam yang berbeda dengan replikasi sebanyak tiga (3) kali, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Parameter yang diukur pada penelitian ini terdiri dari kualitas eksternal telur, dan kualitas interior telur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis sidik ragam, jenis ransum yang digunakan dan variasi umur tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas eksternal seperti pada berat telur dan tebal kerabang. Nilai tebal kerabang berkisar antara 0,42 - 0,44 mm. Kualitas interior telur secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh kelompok umur yang berbeda untuk warna yolk dan terdapat perbedaan signifikan jenis ransum terhadap viskositas telur.
Kata kunci : Produksi telur; Berat telur; Viskositas telur; Warna Yolk
Kualitas Tepung Ikan di Pesisir Pantai Kabupaten Merauke Sebagai Bahan Pakan: Quality of Fish Flour on the Coast of Merauke Regency as Feed
Get PDFCatch fish that are not used as food can be processed into fish flour. The purpose of this study was to analyze fish meal from several types of fish found on the coast of Merauke RegencyThis test is carried out to see the physical and chemical quality.. From the research results of this study obtained the physical quality of fish meal can be which is categorized, both in mixing feed food and storage namely: the average density of 0.58 gr / cm3, surface area 53.88 cm2, pH 6.25, threshold power 1.15 m / sec and stack angle 27.260C, average ash content of 6.31%, protein 65.46%, fat 5.46%, crude fiber 0 and water content an average of 6.32%, These results indicate the quality of fish meal is included in standard I based on the quality of SNI 2013 as feed material. Eight (8) types of fish meal that have low economic value and potential to be developed as feed ingredients include Kaca fish (Kurtus gulliveri, Pasir fish (Platycephalus endrachtensis), Bete-Bete fish (Rhinoprenes pentanemus), Duri Herkules fish (Arius sp), and Duri putih fish (Arius leptaspis)
Usaha Ternak Sapi Perah di Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB) Tirtasari Kresna Gemilang: Identifikasi Sumber Daya dan Kajian Aspek Kerentanan: Dairy Cattle Farming Business at the Joint Business Group (KUB) Tirtasari Kresna Gemilang: Resources Identification and Vulnerability Aspect Study
Get PDFResources have an important role in livestock farming business, while the aspect of vulnerability can hamper the development of livestock farming business. The purpose of this study is to identify the resources of dairy cattle farming business and examine its effects on the aspects of vulnerability. The resources of this study consisted of economic resources, environmental resources, and social resources. The research was conducted in June-September 2019 at the Joint Business Group (KUB) of Tirtasari Kresna Gemilang which is located in Malang District, East Java Province. The 174 respondents are all dairy farmers who are the members of the group. The data collection methods used are Focus on Group Discussion (FGD), observation, and survey. The survey method was carried out through interviews and questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method. The results showed that the vulnerability aspect of dairy cattle farming business was positively and significantly affected by economic and environmental resources (0,249 and 0,317, respectively). On the other hand, social resources had a negative influence, although it was not significant to the vulnerability aspect of dairy cattle farming business. The conclusion of the research shows that the aspect of the vulnerability of dairy cattle farming business is influenced by economic, environmental, and social resources by 29.5%
Pengaruh Penambahan Aspergilllus niger terhadap Kandungan Nutrien pada Proses Fermentasi Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao): Effect of Adding Aspergillus niger on the Nutrient Content in the Fermentation Process of Cocoa Pods
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This research goal is to determine the nutrient content increased and decreased lignin content of cocoa pod fermented by Aspergillus niger. The assessment method was performed using the three treatments and four replications. T0 = cocoa pod fermentation without the addition of Aspergillus niger, T1 = cocoa pod fermentation by the addition of 5% Aspergillus niger, and T2 = cocoa pod fermentation by the addition of 10% of Aspergillus niger. Fresh cocoa pods were chopped to a size of 1-2 cm. Some of the cocoa pods are directly chopped, rolled, and dried while the rest are supplemented with Aspergillus niger. The mixture is stored within an aerobic medium for seven days. Observed variables include dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CFt), crude fat (CF), and lignin. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance unidirectional pattern (Oneway ANOVA) of the completely randomized design (completely randomized design), then if there are significant differences will be further tested by Duncan multiple range test. The results showed that cocoa pod fermented with A. niger decrease of dry matter, crude fat, crude fiber, and lignin. The conclusion is the addition of Aspergillus niger 5% will lower the lignin content (5.38%) compared to without the addition of Aspergillus niger (7.84%).
Keywords: Aspergillus niger; Cocoa pod; Fermentation; Lignin
Abstrak
Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kandungan nutrien dan penurunan kandungan lignin dari kulit buah kakao (KBK) yang difermentasi dengan A. niger. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu menggunakan tiga perlakuan dan empat ulangan. P0 = KBK fermentasi tanpa penambahan A. niger, P1 = KBK fermentasi dengan penambahan 5% A. niger, dan P2=KBK fermentasi dengan penambahan 10% A. niger . KBK segar dicacah dengan ukuran 1-2 cm. Sebagian KBK yang dicacah langsung dikeringkan kemudian digiling dan sebagian lainnya diberi penambahan A. niger. Campuran dimasukkan ke dalam wadah aerob selama 7 hari. Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan desain penelitian rancangan acak lengkap. Variabel yang diamati meliputi kandungan bahan kering (BK), protein kasar (PK), serat kasar (SK), lemak kasar (LK) dan lignin. Data dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam pola searah (oneway ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan uji jarak berganda Duncan (Duncan multiple range test/DMRT), apabila nilai P<0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fermentasi kulit buah kakao dengan A. niger menurunkan kandungan air, lemak kasar, serat kasar dan lignin. Disimpulkan bahwa penambahan A. niger 5% dapat menurunkan kandungan lignin (5,38%) dibandingkan dengan tanpa penambahan A. niger 10% (7,84%).
Kata kunci : Aspergillus niger; Fermentasi; Kulit buah kakao; Ligni
Karakteristik Karkas Bandikut (Echymipera kalubu) di Kabupaten Manokwari: Carcass Characteristics of Bandikut (Echymipera kalubu) in Manokwari Regency
Get PDFThe research purpose is to investigate the characteristics of bandicoot’s (Echymipera kalubu) carcass in the Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province. Thirty-two (32) bandicoots, with the age of ± 4-month-old, were used for this study, the subjects consisted of 16 males and 16 females. The research method used was the exploration method. The results showed that the bodyweight of males and females bandicoot was 1709.38 ± 506.31 g and 976.63 ± 296.11 g (P<0.05). Carcass weight of males and females bandicoot was 1339 ± 449.53 g and 738.22 ± 233.50 g (P<0.05) respectively. Carcass percentage of males and females bandicoot was 77.15 ± 6.24 % and 75.10 ± 4.32 % (P>0.05). The weight cut forequarter of males and females bandicoot was 614.85±221.87 g and 311.67±101.83 g (P<0,05). The weight cut of the hindquarter of males and females bandicoot was 768.76±377.66 g and 397.89±142.18 g (P<0,05). Fore carcass percentages of males and females bandicoot were 45.48±2.20 % and 42.39±3.50 % (P<0,05). Hind carcass percentage of males and females bandicoot was 56.22±12.22 % and 53.63±6.82% (P>0,05). In conclusion, there are differences in body weight, carcass weight, fore carcass weight, rear carcass weight, and the percentage of fore carcass weight between male and female Echymipera kalubu. On the other hand, there is no difference in the percentage of carcass and rear carcass percentage between male and female Echymipera kalubu
Faktor Penentu dan Dampak Keberadaan Perusahaan Ayam Ras Pedaging di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur: The Determinants and Impact of the Existence of Broiler Business in East Nusa Tenggara Province
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The research objective is to determine the determinants and impact of broiler chicken companies in East Nusa Tenggara. This research was conducted for 6 (six) months from September 2018-February 2019 with the research locations in Kupang Regency and Kupang City which were determined by purposive sampling. The research method is descriptive employing surveys, observations, and interviews. The informants consisted of 8 (eight) people, namely Head of Animal Husbandry Office of Kupang Regency, Head of Animal Husbandry Field at the Agriculture Office of Kupang City, Researchers from the Undana Faculty of Animal Husbandry, and 5 (five) farmer who are members of the organization Himpuli (Himpunan Pengusaha Unggas Lokal Indonesia). The types of data used are primary data and secondary data. The data analysis used is descriptive which is described in a narrative. The results showed that NTT Province has the potential to establish broiler breeding companies with a concentration of development in Kupang City or Kupang Regency for Timor Island, Nagekeo Regency for Flores Island, and Southwest Sumba Regency for Sumba Island. The existence of broiler breeding companies in NTT will increase the effectiveness of the broiler marketing chain, stimulate new jobs, increase income supported by policies, socio-culture, economy, and distribution. This of course has been well studied from the aspect of overcoming environmental damage caused by the presence of broiler breeding companies in NTT.
Keywords: Companies; Breeding; Broiler
ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui faktor penentu dan dampak keberadaan perusahaan ayam ras pedaging di Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 6 (enam) bulan dari bulan September 2018-Februari 2019 dengan lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Kupang dan Kota Kupang yang ditentukan secara purposive sampling. Metode penelitian bersifat deskriptif dengan cara survei, observasi dan wawancara. Narasumber terdiri dari 8 (delapan) orang, yaitu Kepala Dinas Peternakan Kabupaten Kupang, Kepala Bidang Peternakan pada Dinas Pertanian Kota Kupang, Peneliti dari Fakultas Peternakan Undana, dan 5 (lima) pengusaha ayam ras pedaging yang tergabung dalam organisasi Himpuli (Himpunan Pengusaha Unggas Lokal Indonesia). Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif yang dijabarkan secara naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Provinsi NTT berpotensi untuk didirikan perusahaan pembibitan ayam ras pedaging dengan konsentrasi pembangunan di Kota Kupang atau Kabupaten Kupang untuk wilayah Pulau Timor, Kabupaten Nagekeo untuk Pulau Flores, dan Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya untuk kawasan Pulau Sumba. Adanya perusahaan pembibitas ayam ras pedaging di NTT akan meningkatkan efektifitas rantai pemasaran ayam ras pedaging, menstimulasi lapangan pekerjaan baru, meningkatkan pendapatan yang didukung oleh kebijakan, sosial budaya, ekonomi, dan distribusi. Hal tersebut tentu telah dikaji secara baik dari aspek penanggulangan kerusakan lingkungan yang ditimbulkan oleh adanya perusahaan pembibitan ayam ras pedaging di NTT.
Kata kunci: Perusahaan; Pembibitan; Ayam ras pedagin
Ucapan Terima Kasih Pada Reviewer
Get PDFRedaksi Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Sciences) menyampaikan penghargaan yang setinggi-tingginya dan terima kasih kepada Mitra Bestari dibawah ini yang telah membantu menelaah naskah yang dikirimkan kepada Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Sciences). 
Aktivitas Urinasi dan Penampakan Ekor Berdiri Tegak Sebagai Indikator Tingkah Laku Kawin Rusa Timor (Cervus timorensis) Betina di Penangkaran Aro-M Manokwari: Urinating and an Upright-Tail Appearance as Indicators of the Female Timor Deer (Cervus timorensis) Mating Behavior in Aro-M Captive Facility, Manokwari
Get PDFAbstract A deeper knowledge regarding the biology of the reproduction of tropical deer in its natural habitat is limited. The appearance of a standing tail and increased urination behavior are sexual characteristics of female deer. This research aims to study the mating behavior of females based on urination activity and upright-tail appearance in female Timor deer. The results showed that the lowest urination frequency of female deer (12.37%) occurred between 10.0012.00, while the highest (22.22%) was between 08.00-10.00. The appearance of tails that stand upright most often occurs in 06.00 - 08.00 (26.55%), and the lowest (8.19%), observed at 12.00-14.00. This study concludes that urination activity and appearance of upright tails was an indicator of the sexual desire of female deer to be mated by the male. Keywords: Behavior; Captivity; Female deer; Mating; Urinating Abstrak Pengetahuan yang mendalam mengenai biologi reproduksi rusa tropik yang ditangkarkan pada habitat aslinya masih sangat terbatas. Penampakan ekor yang berdiri tegak dan tingkah laku urinasi yang meningkat merupakan ciri rusa betina yang sedang berahi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkah laku kawin berdasarkan aktivitas urinasi dan penampakan ekor berdiri tegak pada rusa timor betina. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi urinasi rusa betina terendah (12,37%) terjadi pada periode 10.00- 12.00 sedangkan yang paling tinggi (22,22%), pada periode 08.00-10.00. Penampakan ekor yang berdiri tegak paling sering terjadi pada periode 06.00–08.00 yaitu (26,55%), dan terendah (8,19%), teramati pada pukul 12.00-14.00 wit. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa aktivitas urinasi dan penampakan ekor berdiri tegak dapat digunakan sebagai indikator birahi rusa berina yang siap untuk dikawini pejantan. Kata kunci: Penangkaran; Rusa betina; Tingkah laku; Kawin; Urinas
Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Rumput Raja (Pennisetum purpureophoides) dengan Perlakuan Pupuk Anorganik Dan Organik: Vegetative Growth of King Grass (Pennisetum purpureophoides) with Inorganic and Organic Fertilizer Treatment
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the effect of inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer, and the combination of both on the growth of king grass (Pennisetum purpurephoides). The research method was a completely random design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The research treatments consisted of A (without fertilizer), B (100% inorganic fertilizer), C (100% organic fertilizer), and D (50% inorganic and 50% organic fertilizer). The result of the study shows that inorganic, organic, and its fertilizer combination treatment has a non-significant effect on the height of the plant, the length and width of the leaf, and the length of its segments, while inorganic and organic fertilizer treatment has a significant effect on the stem diameter. The conclusion is that the use of 100 % organic fertilizer has better results for the vegetative growth of king grass (Pennisetum purpurephoides) compared to the use of inorganic fertilizer and its combination
Pengaruh Pemberian Lemna Minor Sebagai Pakan Sapi Perah Terhadap Kadar Lemak, Berat Jenis, dan Bahan Kering Tanpa Lemak Susu Friesian Holstein: Effects of Giving Lemna Minor as Dairy Cattle Feed on Fat Levels, Density, and Solid Non Fat Milk of Friesian Holstein
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Lemna minor is a water plant that is easily obtained and has a good nutrient content that is high in protein. High protein for livestock can be used for production purposes. The study aims to determine the effect of administration of lemna minor on fat content, specific gravity, and dry matter without fat milk of friesien holstein dairy cows. The object of the study was 20 second-to-four-month FH lactating cows in the Dairy Farmer Group of Kp Tanggung Renteng Village, Pamegatan Village, Cikajang District, Garut Regency, West Java Province, then kept for 60 days and given feed according to treatment, namely R0 = Grass 60% + Concentrate 40%, R1 = 50% Grass + 40% Concentrate + 10% wet Lemna, R2 = 60% Grass + 37% Concentrate + 3% Dry Lemna, R3 = 50% Grass + 37% Concentrate + 10% Wet Lemna + 3% Dry Lemna, R4 = Grass 45% + Concentrate 38% + Wet Lemna 15% + Dry Lemna 2%. The results showed that the effect of administering lemna minor did not affect on fat content, specific gravity, and dry matter without milk fat. The conclusion that administration of lemna minor in dairy cattle feed cannot increase fat content, specific gravity, and dry ingredients without fat Holstein friesien milk.
Keywords : lemna minor, fat content, density, solid non fat
Abstrak
Lemna minor merupakan tanaman air yang mudah diperoleh dan memiliki kandungan nutrient yang baik yaitu protein tinggi. Protein yang tinggi bagi ternak dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan produksi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian lemna minor terhadap kadar lemak, berat jenis, dan bahan kering tanpa lemak susu sapi perah friesien holstein. Objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah 20 ekor sapi FH laktasi kedua sampai empat bulan di Kelompok Peternak Sapi Perah Kp Tanggung Renteng Desa Pamegatan Kecamatan Cikajang Kabupaten Garut Provinsi Jawa Barat kemudian dipelihara selama 60 hari dan diberikan pakan sesuai dengan perlakuan yaitu R0= Rumput 60% + Konsentrat 40%, R1= Rumput 50% + Konsentrat 40% + Lemna basah 10%, R2= Rumput 60% + Konsentrat 37% + Lemna Kering 3%, R3= Rumput 50% + Konsentrat 37% + Lemna Basah 10% + 3% Lemna Kering, R4= Rumput 45% + Konsentrat 38% + lemna basah 15% + Lemna Kering 2%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh pemberian lemna minor tidak berpengaruh terhadap (P>0,05) kadar lemak, berat jenis, dan bahan kering tanpa lemak susu. Kesimpulan bahwa pemberian lemna minor dalam pakan sapi perah tidak dapat meningkatkan kandungan lemak, berat jenis, dan bahan kering tanpa lemak susu friesien Holstein.
Kata kunci : lemna minor, kadar lemak, berat jenis, bahan kering tanpa lema