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Impact of export incentive schemes on the performance of agricultural exports in Nigeria
Get PDFAbstract. This paper examines the impact of export incentive schemes on the Performance of agricultural exports in Nigeria, using quarterly time series data from 1990-2014. The study employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to cointegration analysis and Granger causality test to examine the long run and causality relationship between growth in the Performance of agricultural exports and export incentive schemes in Nigeria. The bounds tests used in the study revealed that there is no long run equilibrium relationship between export incentive schemes and the performance of agricultural exports in Nigeria. It is of high importance to note that the granger casualty test indicates that there was a unidirectional relationship running from agricultural export (AGR) to export expansion grant (EEG), export development fund (EDF) to agricultural export (AGR). Since the findings of the study show that export development fund has positive and significant impact on the performance of agricultural exports in Nigeria, the study suggests that major concern should be given to its management and disbursement to ensure stable growth in the sub-component (agriculture) of non-oil export in Nigeria. This can be achieved through adequate funding by the concerned authority.Keywords. Export incentives, Non-oil exports, Causality, ARDL, Nigeria. JEL. J43, Q00, Q10
Smile curve and its linkages with global value chains
Get PDFAbstract. The concept and logic of ‘smile curve’ in the context of global value chains has gained importance in recent time period and discussed at the individual firm level, but rarely identified and investigated at the sectoral level using real data for cross-country analysis. Using TIVA database for 2001 and 2011 time period, several conceptual value chain are investigated including exports of Base Metals, Computer Electronics, Electrical Machinery and Transportation equipment’s in Asian Economies. This paper focuses an idea to measure both the strength and linkages between producers and consumers of global value chain. The identified smile curve provides a very intuitive understanding of the roles played by different countries in various sectors and helps in identifying the benefits gained by them through their participation in global trade. The dynamics of structural upgrading and interactive growth via trade and investment within a hierarchy of countries is aligned with “flying-geese (FG)” theory of growth. The paper also gives emphasis on the role of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership in broadening economic integration. Keywords. Economic integration, Fragmentation, Globalization.JEL. F60, F12, F15
A critical account of intra -and inter- organizational knowledge management: Diversity, relationship making, and paradoxes
Get PDFAbstract. Knowledge and networks (i.e., inter-organizational relationships) are two full conditions for successful intellectual capital management and organizational success. However, when researching related issue that fall into the domain area, people tend to follow more pragmatism and few would spend page space for more critical account of the nature of the issues examined. This article tried to revisit knowledge management in intra- and inter-organizational networked contexts and offer some critical insights that might stimulate more thinking in research and practices. Mainly, this article suggests thoughts on diversity, relationship making, and resolving paradoxical knowledge challenges. Keywords. Organization memory, Knowledge bases, Known memory.JEL. D80, L22, L23
Upgrading school efficiencies and learning interests through innovative teaching of digital mobile e-learning
Get PDFAbstract. Assessing the digital mobile e-learning whether to affect school efficiency is an important yet complex issue. Consequently, this study goal of this research is to evaluate the innovative teaching to affect school efficiency (total efficiency (TE), pure technical efficiency (PTE) and scale efficiency (SE) estimated by the data envelopment analysis (DEA) through using digital mobile e-learning of high school in Taiwan. Additionally, the Tobit regression model (TRM) is employed to discuss whether the other determinants affect using digital mobile e-learning of school efficiency. The findings can briefly be concluded as follows. The empirical results of this research indicate the following results: (1) Importing digital mobile e-learning can really enhance the efficiency of school management. (2) technical Efficiency (TE), pure technical efficiency (PTE) and scale efficiency (SE) in the TRM analysis, it also indicates that school size, teacher-student ratio, school high-vocational attribute, especially the numbers of technical teachers in teaching or consulting about digital mobile e-learning knowledge and numbers of Tablet PC (the proxy for digital mobile e-learning) an important role in affecting these three efficiency of school management. Besides, the results show of total equipment expenses associated with tablet PC has a small negative influence on school management efficiency. Due to increasing costs for network equipment small effects on teaching and learning among teachers and students. The results of this research can also be the reference for educational authorities when formulating policies and regulations for promoting digital mobile e-learning.Keywords. Technical efficiency, Pure technical efficiency, Scale efficiency, Digital mobile e-Learning, Data envelopment analysis (DEA), Tobit regression model (TRM),Vocational and senior high school.JEL. I21, I25, I28
International Balkan and Near Eastern Social Sciences Congress (IBANESS Edirne)
Get PDFAbstract. International Balkan and Near Eastern Social Sciences Congress Series (IBANESS) Congress series are held in different Balkan countries with hosting Universities in the Balkan countries. The organization committee includes respected scientists from all over the world. The main aim of the congress is to bring together scientists from the Balkan countries in order to disseminate the knowledge and mutual understanding.Keywords. Economics, Business, Social sciences.JEL. A10
Application of Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods on Six Sigma Projects Selection
Get PDFAbstract. Six sigma method widely applied in production and service businesses is known as a project-oriented method. In six sigma method, selection of the prior project among others can be considered as a multi -criteria decision making problem. The conducted literature review has revealed that there is a large number of methods to select six sigma projects. It is more appropriate to use fuzzy multi-criteria decision making methods in project selection since evaluation criteria of six sigma projects include uncertainties. The aim of this study is to select the most appropriate project as a result of evaluating the projects by Fuzzy VIKOR, Fuzzy TOPSIS and Fuzzy COPRAS as methods of fuzzy multicriteria decision-making and integrating the ranking scores obtained from each method by Copeland method. The proposed method has been implemented in a large scale production company, operating in Aydın ASTİM Organized Industrial Zone.Keywords. Six Sigma Projects, Fuzzy VIKOR, Fuzzy TOPSIS, Fuzzy COPRAS, Fuzzy AHP, Copeland Method.JEL. M11, C44, L20, C02, D70, O22
The Association between Subsidies and Productivity: Panel Analysis
Get PDFAbstract. This study investigates the impact of subsidies, which is a proxy for incentives given to firms in an economy, on value added created by entire economy and four different sectors (i.e., agriculture, manufacturing, industry, and services). The largest period under study is between 1972 and 2013 and the largest sample covers 151 countries. First of all univariate and multivariate fixed time effect models (FEM) and the following univariate and multivariate random time effect models (REM) were estimated using unbalanced panel data. Value added and its logarithmic values are used in the model as a dependent variable. Five different value added variables are used in order to evaluate the sensitivity and validity of our empirical results. This study empirically investigates the effect of subsidy on value added level of a country. In order to test this relationship the study use five different indicators for value added. The data used in analyses are unbalanced data and cover the years between 1972 and 2013 for 151 countries in the largest sense. The main finding of the study implies that countries with higher subsidy level experience higher level of value added.Keywords. Subsidies, Value Added, Incentives.JEL. H20, H21, H22
Mitigating market risks in the ASEAN ecosystem to foster inclusive growth
Get PDFAbstract. Inclusive rather than exclusive growth is the consideration of most development strategies in charting the economic growth of their country. The ASEAN as a single market and collective body should consider this as its paramount concern. Now part of inclusive growth strategies is to identify the risks and impediments to its realization. Now generally there are two types of financial risks namely: market systemic risks and the unsystemic risk. The unsystemic risk is mitigated by the Markowitz portfolio theory that was subsequently improved by Sharpe with the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). Portfolio theory relies on the comfort of large numbers. If you have only one investment avenue and it fails then you lose all your investment but if you spread it over 40 investment destinations then you are virtually insulated provided the investments are inversely correlated. If these are positively correlated then it follows only one direction and will simulate market systemic risk. Market risk is unexplored territory. The Mexican hat wavelet theory was used to plug the unequal equation. The U.S. government used a combination of bailout plan and stimulus package that Krugman criticized since the size of the package is a hit or miss game. If it is too much then fiscal imbalance might happen that will trigger budget deficits. If too little then no stimulus will happen. Krugman proposed exchange rate modification to make your currency cheaper for exports as an improvement of the Mundell Fleming model. Economics is interrelated and interconnected and this is very evident in financial economics. Mitigating market systemic risks relies on the interdependence on interest rates, stimulus package, and foreign exchange into an algorithm that involves the Mexican hat wavelet equation.Keywords. Mitigating market risks, Mexican hat wavelet, Systemic risk, Portfolio theory, Mundell-Fleming model.JEL. C40, C50, C57