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Information Theoretic Approach to Social Networks
Get PDFAbstract. We propose an information theoretic model for sociological networks. The model is a micro canonical ensemble of states and particles. The states are the possible pairs of nodes (i.e. people, sites and alike) which exchange information. The particles are the energetic information bits. With analogy to bosons gas, we define for these networks’ model: entropy, volume, pressure and temperature. We show that these definitions are consistent with Carnot efficiency (the second law) and ideal gas law. Therefore, if we have two large networks: hot and cold having temperatures TH and TC and we remove Q energetic bits from the hot network to the cold network we can save W profit bits. The profit will be calculated from W< Q (1-TH/TC), namely, Carnot formula. In addition it is shown that when two of these networks are merged the entropy increases. This explains the tendency of economic and social networks to merge.Keywords: Social networks, Economic networks, Information theory.JEL. C62
Public policies that can be implemented to struggle with celiac disease in Turkey
Get PDFAbstract. Celiac is a digestive disorder that damages the small intestine by the ingestion of a substance, called gluten that is found in cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye and oats. The ingested foods are broken down into their components and got into the blood thanks to the projections, called villus, in the small intestine. Foods containing gluten reduce the surface area of the intestine by damaging the villus projections and foods are rendered into a non-absorbable form. As a result, nutritional deficiency along with many problems will arise. The only treatment for patients with celiac disease is a gluten-free diet. There are many problems present from unavailability of gluten-free products to the high cost. The state may intervene in celiac disease for reasons such as imperfect information, external costs, public goods, principal-agent problem, imperfect competition conditions and demerit goods. The aim of the study is to raise awareness for celiac disease in Turkey and to develop public policy recommendations that can be implemented in struggling with the disease. Keywords. Health, Public Policy, Taxation and Subsidies.JEL. I10, I18, H20
Capital Liberalisation and Economic Instability
Get PDFAbstract. This study intends to examine the larger issues related to capital liberalisation and also to analyse the reasons for recent support of capital mobility and its repercussions for the future prospects of the economies of developing countries. The objective is to critically examine relevant empirical and theoretical studies in order to answer these questions and address the objectives of this study. The methodology adopted in this study relies on secondary information, reports and published studies to address the research questions. The study finds that following the adoption of capital liberalisation and neoliberalism, the economies of most developing countries have become more vulnerable. If China is excluded, we find that most developing economies have been unable to expand employment opportunities or reduce levels of poverty. In recent years capital liberalisation policy has encouraged capital flight from their economies.Keywords. Capital Liberalisation, financialization, instability and developing countries.JEL. E44, E52, F21
The influences of perceived organizational slacks on firms’ satisfaction in industrial park service: Moderation effect of park attributes and administrative supports
Get PDFAbstract. This study examines the effect of perceived organizational slack on firms’ satisfaction in services offered by industrial park. Survey questionnaires were collected from 131 firms located in various industrial parks in Taiwan. Results supports that, first, perceived organizational slack is negatively related to firms’ satisfaction in industrial park’s services. Moreover, the strengths of such negative relationships were differentiated due to the moderation effect of different park attributes and administrative supports. Policy and theoretical implications were discussed.Keywords. Perceived organizational slacks, Service satisfaction, Park attributes and administrative supports.JEL. M10, M11, M14
James Bessen, Learning by Doing: the Real Connection between Innovation, Wages, and Wealth
Get PDFAbstract. Across most industries, workers feel the effects of automation. Does innovation permanently replace workers or are they temporarily displaced within firms and labor markers? James Bessen’s book Learning by Doing combines theory and economic history to illustrate and inform readers and managers alike concerning modern labor markets.Keywords. Wages, Wealth, Innovation.JEL. E21, E24, J30, O10, O30
Service innovation, perceived values, and post-purchase behavior
Get PDFAbstract. In this conceptual paper, we argue that service innovation can generate positive impacts on post-purchase behavior only when customer’s perceived values of the product/service increases. That is, perceived value is a mediating, necessary condition for service innovation’s consequences in consumer behavior. Theoretical and practical implications are offered. Keywords. Service innovation, Value perception, Repurchase.JEL. M30, M31, M32, L84
Francois Gipouloux, The Asian Mediterranean: Port Cities and Trading Networks in China, Japan and Southeast Asia, 13th - 21st Century
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Monetary policy transmission: Does the credit channel perform in Cameroon?
Get PDFAbstract. This article evaluates the monetary policy transmission through the credit channel in a macroeconomic GDP targeting approach with evidence in Cameroon. We use a macroeconomic approach based on the time series method. On data from the 1960-2012 period, statistical tests reveal the existence of successive causality between macroeconomic variables of the credit channel, confirming the existence of this channel in Cameroon. The Autoregresive vectors modeling (VAR) analysis then reveals a delay of two years in the GDP reaction from the monetary impulses, and that the credit channel is narrow with a low rate in Cameroon, a central African Developing country. Keywords. Monetary policy, GDP targeting, Credit channel, VAR, Cameroon.JEL. E51, E52, E58, G32
Optimal Equilibrium State in Two-Sector Growth Model
Get PDFAbstract. The paper studies a two-sector growth model for two cases: with flexible technology and with fixed coefficients. Different states of economic equilibrium (steady states) are compared. We find that the price of investment goods with respect to the price of consumer goods should be changed if the equilibrium state has shifted. Therefore, the aggregate production function cannot be considered as a purely technical. We assume that the income distribution is determined by the direct proportionality between the profits and the investment. Then the resulting function of aggregate output is continuous and differentiable in the domain of definition, even if the technology is fixed. In the last case the function has diminishing returns of capital under Uzawa capital-intensity condition; the state of economic equilibrium is stable only when this condition is valid. We suggest that the optimal is an equilibrium state that maximizes the total profit. The model with fixed coefficients predicts the possible existence of such an optimum.Keywords. Economic growth, Two-sector growth model, Optimal equilibrium state, Uzawa capital intensity condition, Profit maximization.JEL. O41, E10, D00