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Energy production from solar panels in Turkey: an evaluation on Konya province
Get PDFYaklaşık son iki yüzyıldır ülkeler, çevre kirliliği ve fosil enerji kaynaklarının tükenmesi sebebiyle alternatif enerji kaynaklarına yönelmiş, bu bağlamda “yenilenebilir enerji” kaynakları ön plana çıkmıştır. Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından birisi olan “güneş enerjisi” bu süreçte teknoloji ve kurulu güç bakımından büyük gelişme göstermiştir. Büyük gelişmenin yaşandığı ülkelerden birisi olan Türkiye’de, kurulu güç miktarı bakımından ilk sırada yer alan Konya ili, yıldan yıla kurulu gücünü artırmaktadır. Karapınar Enerji İhtisas Endüstri Bölgesi’nde yapılan çalışmalar ve kurulması planlanan güneş enerjisi santralleriyle birlikte bir milyondan fazla konutun elektrik ihtiyacı karşılanacaktır. Türkiye’de güneş panellerinden enerji üretimini Konya ili örneği üzerinden değerlendirmeyi amaçlayan bu çalışma, açık kaynaklardan yararlanılarak ve nitel araştırma yöntemine dayalı veri analizi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Konya ilinin güneş enerjisi santrali kurmaya elverişli olduğu tespit edilmiş ve Konya’yı diğer elverişli illerden öne çıkaran etmenler; Karapınar Enerji İhtisas Endüstri Bölgesi’ni barındırması, uygun iklim koşulları, geniş ve tarıma elverişsiz düzlüklere sahip olunması vb. olarak belirlenmiştir.For approximately the last two centuries, countries have turned to alternative energy sources due to environmental pollution and depletion of fossil energy resources, and in this context, "renewable energy" sources have come to the fore. "Solar energy", one of the renewable energy sources, has made great progress in terms of technology and installed power during this period. In Turkey, which is one of the countries where great development has been experienced, Konya province, which ranks first in terms of installed capacity, is increasing its installed power from year to year. With the work carried out in the Karapınar Energy Specialized Industrial Zone and the solar power plants planned to be established, the electricity needs of more than one million residences will be met. This study, which aims to evaluate energy production from solar panels in Turkey through the example of Konya province, was carried out using open sources and data analysis based on qualitative research method. As a result of the study, it was determined that Konya was suitable for establishing solar power plants and the factors that make Konya stand out from other suitable provinces are; It has Karapınar Energy Specialized Industrial Zone, suitable climatic conditions, large and unsuitable for agriculture plains, etc. was determined as
Determination of utilization from spent broiler chicken meat in dried snack meat production
No full textFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Gıda Mühendisliği Ana Bilim DalıBu çalışmada ekonomik verim dönemini tamamlamış (çıkma) tavuk göğüs etleri farklı marinatlarla (su/kontrol- S grubu, kivi suyu/K grubu, zencefil suyu/ Z grubu, transglutaminaz enzimi/ T grubu) marine edilmiş ve daha sonra pişirilip kurutulmaları sonucunda elde edilen kurutulmuş atıştırmalık et ürünlerinin bazı kalite özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla atıştırmalık et ürünleri MAP ve vakum ambalaj gereçleri ile paketlendikten sonra hem oda sıcaklığında hem de buzdolabı şartlarında 90 gün süreyle depolanmışlardır. Bu süreçte meydana gelen bazı fizikokimyasal (%nem, renk, aw, pH, %toplam asitlik ve thiabarbiturik asit), mikrobiyolojik (toplam koliform bakteri sayısı, Salmonella varlığı, toplam aeorobik mezofilik bakteri sayısı, toplam maya-küf sayısı), teknolojik (%marinat absorblama, %sızıntı kaybı, %pişirme kaybı, %verim), tekstürel (sertlik, dış yapışkanlık, esneklik, çiğnenebilirlik, gamsılık, geri kazanım) ve duyusal özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Örneklerin %nem içeriği 29,71-33,00 ve aw değeri 0,74-0,78 arasında belirlenmiştir. Örneklerin depolamaya bağlı olarak zamanla L*(parlaklık) ve b*(sarılık) değerinin düştüğü, a*(kırmızılık) değerinin ise arttığı tespit edilmiştir. pH değerleri ortalama 6,12-6,23 arasında olup depolamaya bağlı olarak artış göstermiştir. Örneklerin toplam asitliği %0,22-%0,25 (laktik asit) arasında, TBA miktarları ise 0,089-0,116 mg malonaldehit/kg arasında tespit edilmiş olup marinasyon uygulanan örneklerin lipit oksidasyon değerleri daha düşük bulunmuştur. Örneklerin mikrobiyal yükünün depolama süresiyle birlikte arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Zamana bağlı olarak, atıştırmalık kurutulmuş etlerin tekstürel özelliklerinden sertlik, çiğnenebilirlik, dış yapışkanlık, esneklik ve gamsılık değerlerinin genel olarak arttığı belirlenmiştir. Örnek grupları arasında duyusal değerlendirme sonuçlarına göre en yüksek puana Z grubundaki örneklerin sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.In this study, breast meat from spent hens (end-of-lay hens) was marinated with different marinades (water/control- S group, kiwi juice/K group, ginger juice/Z group, transglutaminase enzyme/T group) and subsequently cooked and dried to obtain dried snack meat products. For this purpose, the snack meat products were packaged with MAP and vacuum packaging materials and stored for 90 days at both room temperature and refrigerator conditions. Various physicochemical (moisture content, color, water activity (aw), pH, total acidity percentage, and thiobarbituric acid), microbiological (total coliform count, presence of Salmonella, total aerobic mesophilic bacteria count, total yeast-mold count), technological (marinade absorption percentage, drip loss percentage, cooking loss percentage, yield percentage), textural (hardness, adhesiveness, elasticity, chewiness, gumminess, recovery), and sensory properties were determined. The moisture content of the samples was found to be between 29.71-33.00% and the aw value ranged between 0.74-0.78. It was observed that the L* (lightness) and b* (yellowness) values decreased, while the a* (redness) value increased over time during storage. The pH values were on average between 6.12-6.23 and increased with storage time. The total acidity (as lactic acid) ranged from 0.22-0.25%, and the TBA values were between 0.089-0.116 mg malonaldehyde/kg, with lower lipid oxidation values found in marinated samples. The microbial loads of the samples increased with storage time. Over time, the hardness, chewiness, adhesiveness, elasticity, and gumminess values of the samples generally increased, while the recovery value increased up to the 30th day and then decreased. The Z group samples received the highest sensory evaluation scores
Preparation of pillar[5]arene functionalized silica gel hybrid material: investigation of biological (antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-cancer) properties
No full textThe current study presents the incorporation of APTMS and pillar[5]arene groups into the molecular structures of silica gel materials whose structures were elucidated by characterization techniques such as SEM, FT-IR, and TGA. Comprehensive biological applications of these derivatives such as antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer were evaluated for the first time in the study. The data show the effectiveness of the silica gel materials, especially Si-APTMS-pillar[5]arene, in the fight against pathogenic microorganisms with its strong antibacterial properties against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. They also reveal that these materials have significant antioxidant pharmacological potential with their significant DPPH scavenging activities. The results obtained from cytotoxicity studies highlight their potential as anticancer agents, with the synthesized silica gel materials, especially Si-APTMS-pillar[5]arene materials, having a greater inhibitory effect on cancer cell lines compared to healthy cell lines over a 24 h period. This comprehensive research illustrates the promising versatility of the silica gel materials in a variety of biomedical and environmental applications, including cancer therapy, antimicrobial strategies, and free radical neutralization. APTMS and pillar[5]arene groups have been successfully added to the molecular structures of silica gel materials.The surface of Si, Si-APTMS and [5] materials was characterized by various techniques such as FT-IR, TGA, SEM.The comprehensive biological applications of Si, Si-APTMS and [5], including antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-cancer studies, were realised for the first time in this study.Remarkable anti-cancer mechanisms of [5] supramolecule on HT-29 cell line were suggested.Silica gel materials have efficacy in combating pathogenic microorganisms with strong antibacterial properties and pharmacological potential as important antioxidative materials with pronounced DPPH scavenging activities.We sincerely thank the administrations of Karamanolu Mehmetbey University, Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, and Vocational School of Technical Sciences, for providing the necessary facilities to produce this product
Exploring the therapeutic potential of microwave-assisted biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using Erica manipuliflora fl ora Salisb.: A comprehensive study on anticancer and antibacterial potentials
No full textSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) continue to attract interest due to their potential applications in biomedicine, especially in relation to their antibacterial and anticancer properties. In this respect, it is important to develop biosynthesis techniques that are environmentally friendly and include new sources. This is the first report on microwave-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Erica manipuliflora Salisb. ( E.m AgNPs). ). In this study, the anti-cancer and antibacterial activity of E.m AgNPs and E. manipuliflora extracts were evaluated. Characterization of E.m AgNPs were performed using UV-Vis spectroscopy FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TEM analyses. The UV-Vis absorption spectrum showed the characteristic peak of E.m AgNPs at A max = 425 nm. The SEM and TEM results indicated that the nanoparticles were spherical and ranged in size from 2.45 to 9.95 nm. The antibacterial results, it was determined that E.m AgNPs (50 mg mL 1 ) (8.4-21.1 mm ZOI) caused more effective inhibition on both gram positive ( Bacillus subtilis, , Staphylococcus aureus, , Enterococcus faecalis) ) and gram negative ( Escherichia coli) ) bacteria compared to all plant extracts (50 mg mL 1 ) (8.13-17.16 mm ZOI). Among the cancer (MCF-7 and HT-29) and healthy (HaCaT and HEK-293) cell lines, E.m AgNPs exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against MCF7 cells (IC50: 50 : 87.22 m g mL 1 ). The hexane extract was the most effective inhibitory extract on cell proliferation of all cell lines and showed the highest cell inhibition in MCF-7 cells (IC50: 50 : 43.06 m g mL 1 ). The results revealed that both E.m AgNPs and E. manipuliflora extracts showed promising antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacterial strains and had potential anticancer activity. (c) 2024 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies
Search for the z boson decay to ττμμ in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 tev
No full textThe first search for the Z boson decay to tau tau mu mu at the CERN LHC is presented, based on data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb(-1). The data are compatible with the predicted background. For the first time, an upper limit at the 95% confidence level of 6.9 times the standard model expectation is placed on the ratio of the Z -> tau tau mu mu to Z -> 4 mu branching fractions. Limits are also placed on the six flavor-conserving four-lepton effective-field-theory operators involving two muons and two tau leptons, for the first time testing all such operators
The effect of activation functions on performance in image classification with transfer deep learning techniques
Get PDFİleri beslemeli yapay sinir ağı modeli olan konvolüsyonel sinir ağları (CNN) görüntülerin sınıflandırılması problemlerinde sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Genel olarak konvolüsyon katmanı, havuzlama katmanı ve tam bağlı katmandan oluşan CNN modeli üzerinde performansı iyileştirmek amacı ile birtakım eklemeler ve değişiklikler yapılarak yeni mimariler geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada geliştirilen CNN tabanlı VGG16 ve ResNet50 mimarilerine sigmoid, tanh ve ReLu aktivasyon fonksiyonlu farklı sayıda gizli katman eklenerek derin transfer öğrenme tekniği ile görüntüler sınıflandırılmış ve performansları karşılaştırılmıştır. Sınıflandırma için kullanılan veri seti meyveler ile ilgili çoklu sınıflı bir veri seti olup kurulan modellerin son katmanında 10 nöronlu softmax sınıflandırıcı kullanılmıştır. Devir sayısı 10 girilerek sınıflandırma doğruluğu (accuracy), duyarlılık (precision), geri çağırma (recall) ve f1-ölçütü olmak üzere dört farklı metrik için sonuçlar alınmıştır. Alınan sonuçlar kıyaslandığında modeller arasında ResNet50 mimarisine sigmoid aktivasyon fonksiyonlu, 256 ve 128 nöronlu iki gizli katman ve 10 nöronlu bir softmax sınıflandırıcı katmanı olmak üzere toplam üç katman eklenerek oluşturulan modelin %97.5 sınıflandırma doğruluğu değeri ile en iyi sonucu verdiği gözlemlenmiştir. Son olarak dört metrik için alınan sonuçlar Friedman ve Nemenyi post-hoc testlerine tabi tutularak istatistiksel bir analiz yapılmış, modeller arasındaki ilişki test edilmiştir. Test sonucunda oluşturulan modellerin birbirleri ile ilişkili olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.Convolutional neural networks (CNN), a feedforward neural network model, are frequently used in image classification problems. New architectures have been developed by making some additions and changes in order to improve the performance on the CNN model, which generally consists of convolution layer, pooling layer and fully connected layer. By adding different numbers of hidden layers with sigmoid, tanh and ReLu activation functions to the CNN-based VGG16 and ResNet50 architectures developed in this study, images were classified by deep transfer learning technique and the performances were compared. The dataset used for classification is a multi-class dataset related to fruits, and a 10-neuron softmax classifier was used in the last layer of the established models. Entering the epoch as 10, results were obtained for four different metrics: accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score. When the results are compared, it has been observed that the model created by adding a total of three layers, including two hidden layers with 256 and 128 neurons, and a softmax classifier layer with 10 neurons, to the ResNet50 architecture with sigmoid activation function, gives the best result with a classification accuracy value of %97.5. Finally, the results obtained for the four metrics were subjected to the Friedman and Nemenyi post-hoc tests, a statistical analysis was made and the relationship between the models was tested. It was concluded that the models created as a result of the test were related to each other
Determination of pre-harvest sprouting tolerance and quality traits of the bread wheat landraces
No full textIn this study, pre-harvest sprouting tolerance and some quality characteristics of some wheat landraces and modern varieties in Turkey were determined. In Eskişehir, Karaman and Samsun locations of Turkey, 126 genotypes were tested in the 2014-2015 growing seasons, and 48 genotypes were tested in the 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 growing seasons in two-replication experiments. Data regarding germination index, protein content, sedimentation volume and falling number of genotypes were observed. Physical properties of grain, the number of days to spike, and plant height were also investigated. The difference between genotypes was found to be statistically significant for all traits. We found the germination index of the genotypes varied between 0.19 and 0.70 for the 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 growing seasons, respectively. The average germination index value of red kernel genotypes is lower than white kernel genotypes. The landraces from Turkiye included in the research were taller and harvested lately. In comparison, modern genotypes are in the first place regarding sedimentation volume. The landraces had higher protein content but lower protein qualities than modern cultivars. The grain hardness of landraces was lower than that of modern cultivars in the three years. We found positive relationships between the germination index, grain filling time, thousand-grain weight, and grain color. Protein content, sedimentation volume, falling number, and grain hardness are negatively and significantly related to the germination index. The results showed that white kernel Clark's Cream and red kernel Karakılçık (1) genotypes could be used as gene sources for pre-harvest sprouting tolerance breeding in bread wheat
Evaluation of Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit with Drug Intoxication: Retrospective Analysis of 203 Patients
No full textThe purpose of the present study was to retrospectively analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of acute drug intoxication patients admitted to the emergency and Intensive Care Unit for follow-up and treatment. The records of the patients who were hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit with the diagnosis of acute drug intoxication between 01.01.2018 and 01.01.2023 in the Karaman Training and Research Hospital were scanned from the hospital data system. A total of 203 patients (77 men and 126 women) were included in the study. The mean age was found to be 30.83±12.12. The number of patients who had suicidal intoxication was 183 (90%). It was determined that the most common agents of drug intoxication were analgesics (n=94, 46%), antidepressants (n=59, 29%), and antibiotic drugs (n=19, 9.4%). There was a history of depression in 113 (56%) of the patients. The median (IQR) GCS of the cases at the time of admission was 15 (0), and the mean APACHE II Score was 2.16±4.22. A significant relationship was detected between low GCS and increased APACHE II Scores and prolonged stays in the Intensive Care Unit. It was determined that acute drug intoxications occur to commit suicide with rapidly accessible drugs such as analgesics and antidepressants. It is considered that it would be more appropriate to follow-up patients who do not have an indication for Intensive Care Unit hospitalization in emergency departments or wards in terms of improving capacity management
Determining food choice motivations in Turkish adults: sustainable and healthy eating behavior, ecological footprint awareness, and food insecurity perspective
No full textBackground Revealing motivations in food choice and investigating the potential role of sustainable healthy eating behavior, ecological footprint awareness and food security in food choice are important points for a sustainable life. This study was conducted with 5285 adults aged 19-65 residing in Turkey to investigate their food choice motivations in terms of sustainable and healthy eating behavior, ecological footprint awareness, and the food insecurity perspective. Methods In this context, the Food Choice Questionnaire, the Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviors Scale, the Awareness Scale for Reducing Ecological Footprint and the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale were used. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine relationships between scales. The effects of sustainable and healthy eating behaviors, ecological footprint awareness, and household food insecurity on food choice motivations were examined via path analysis. Results A moderate positive (r = 0.47, p < 0.05) relationship was found between the participants' awareness levels of sustainable and healthy eating behaviors and reducing the ecological footprint. A weak negative (r=-0.22, p < 0.05) relationship was found between their awareness levels of ecological footprint reduction and household food insecurity, and a weak negative (r=-0.16, p < 0.05) relationship was found between sustainable and healthy eating behaviors and household food insecurity. The explanatory power of ecological footprint awareness, sustainable and healthy eating behaviors, and household food insecurity for food choices was 27.2%. It was observed that ecological footprint awareness (beta = 0.21, p < 0.05) and sustainable and healthy eating behaviors (beta = 0.38, p < 0.05) significantly and positively affected food choices. Conclusions The variables influencing food choices the most were sustainable and healthy eating behavior, ecological footprint awareness, and household food insecurity. Although there are various data in the literature on the multiple factors that determine food choices, a consensus on the effectiveness of these factors has yet to be reached. A comprehensive examination of this issue, including all the components, is needed
The relationship between emotional labor behavior and burnout levels of healthcare workers and the moderating role of self-esteem: An application in Şanlıurfa province
No full textSağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Sağlık Yönetimi Ana Bilim DalıBu çalışmada çalışanların duygusal emek davranışlarının (yüzeysel rol yapma, derinden rol yapma ve doğal duygular), tükenmişliğe etkisi ve benlik saygısının bu süreçteki rolü araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini Şanlıurfa'da bir kamu hastanesinde çalışan 272 sağlık personeli oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma nicel yöntem tercih edilerek veriler anket yoluyla toplanmıştır. Araştırma değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkiler için korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Korelasyon analizi sonucunda duygusal emek alt boyutlarından yüzeysel rol yapma ile tükenmişlik arasında anlamlı pozitif, doğal duygular ile ise negatif anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. Yüzeysel rol yapma ile benlik saygısı arasında pozitif, doğal duygularla benlik saygısı arasında ise negatif yönde anlamlı ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Benlik saygısı ve tükenmişlik arasında negatif anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma hipotezlerinin testi için hiyerarşik regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Regresyon analizi sonucunda duygusal emek alt boyutlarından yüzeysel rol yapma ile doğal duyguların tükenmişliği etkilediği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Derinden rol yapmanın tükenmişliği etkilemediği görülmüştür. Yüzeysel rol yapma ile doğal duyguların tükenmişliği etkilemesinde benlik saygısının düzenleyicilik rolü araştırılmıştır. Düşük, orta ve yüksek benlik saygısının düzenleyici rolünü tespit etmek amacıyla Hayes process makro eklentisi (Model 1) kullanılmıştır. Yüzeysel rol yapma ile düzenleyici değişken olan yüksek, orta ve düşük benlik saygısının çarpılmasıyla elde edilen etkileşimsel terimlerin anlamlı çıkması bu değişkenlerin tükenmişlik üzerinde etkileşimsel etkisinin olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu sonuç yüzeysel rol yapmanın tükenmişliği etkilemesinde benlik saygısının farklı düzeylerinin düzenleyici rolünün bulunduğunu göstermektedir. Doğal duygular ile düzenleyici değişken olan yüksek, orta ve düşük benlik saygısının çarpılmasıyla elde edilen etkileşimsel terimlerin anlamlı çıkmaması bu değişkenlerin tükenmişlik üzerinde etkileşimsel etkisinin çıkmadığı dolayısıyla düzenleyicilik rolününde olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca araştırmada sağlık çalışanlarının tükenmişlik düzeylerinin yaşa ve unvana göre farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular Kaynakların Korunması Teorisi ve mevcut literatür kapsamına tartışılmıştır.In this study, the effect of employees' emotional labor behaviors (surface acting, deep acting and natural emotions) on burnout and the role of self-esteem in this process were investigated. The sample of the study consists of 272 healthcare personnel working in a public hospital in Şanlıurfa. The study preferred the quantitative method and collected data through a survey. Correlation analysis was performed for the relationships between research variables. As a result of the correlation analysis, a significant positive relationship was found between superficial acting and burnout, which are among the emotional labor sub-dimensions, and a negative significant relationship was found with natural emotions. A positive relationship was found between surface acting and self-esteem, and a negative significant relationship was found between natural emotions and self-esteem. A negative significant relationship was found between self-esteem and burnout. Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to test the research hypotheses. As a result of the regression analysis, it was found that superficial acting and natural emotions, which are sub-dimensions of emotional labor, affect burnout. It has been shown that deep acting does not affect burnout. The moderating role of self-esteem in the effect of surface acting and natural emotions on burnout has been investigated. The Hayes process macro plugin (Model 1) was used to determine the moderating role of low, medium and high self-esteem. The interactional terms obtained by multiplying surface acting and the moderator variable high, medium and low self-esteem are significant, indicating that these variables have an interactional effect on burnout. This result shows that different levels of self-esteem have a regulatory role in the effect of surface acting on burnout. Since the interaction terms obtained by multiplying natural emotions and the moderator variable high, medium and low self-esteem were not found to be significant, it was concluded that these variables did not have an interaction effect on burnout and therefore did not have a regulatory role. In addition, the study found that the burnout levels of healthcare professionals differ according to age and title. The findings were discussed within the context of Resource Conservation Theory and existing literatüre