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Multi-detection of seratonin and dopamine based on an electrochemical aptasensor
No full textChemical stimuli that enable neurons to communicate with each other are called neurotransmitters. The task of these stimulants is to transmit the messages of neurons to target cells. In this work, a multi-detection mode electrochemical aptasensor system was developed for the neurotransmitters dopamine (3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine, DA) and serotonin (5 hydroxytryptamine, SER), which are associated with motivation-based learning, motor control, addiction, activation, arousal, immunity, central nervous systems. These neurotransmitters are related to many diseases, such as depression, primary pulmonary hypertension, kidney disease, Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and Parkinson’s. This study used aptamer, a nucleic acid-based biorecognition agent, to capture the target molecules from complex matrix samples. After the capturing procedures, an electrochemical method (differential pulse voltammetry) was performed to observe the specific oxidation profiles of DA and SER. The developed multi-detection mode biosensor system had a linear response from 0.1 to 4 µM with detection limits of 0.06 µM for DA and 0.12 µM for SER. In addition, real serum analyses were performed in the prepared direct electrochemical aptasensor system, and 86–92% of recovery values were observed. As a general conclusion, the main drawback of the multi-detection mode-based methods, sensitivity, can be solved by the aptamer binding process as implemented in this work. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.) © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2024.Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK, (121E346
Nonresonant central exclusive production of charged-hadron pairs in proton-proton collisions at Formula Presented
No full textThe central exclusive production of charged-hadron pairs in Formula Presented collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is examined, based on data collected in a special high-Formula Presented run of the LHC. The nonresonant continuum processes are studied with the invariant mass of the centrally produced two-pion system in the resonance-free region, Formula Presented or Formula Presented. Differential cross sections as functions of the azimuthal angle between the surviving protons, squared exchanged four-momenta, and Formula Presented are measured in a wide region of scattered proton transverse momenta, between 0.2 and 0.8 GeV, and for pion rapidities Formula Presented. A rich structure of interactions related to double-pomeron exchange is observed. A parabolic minimum in the distribution of the two-proton azimuthal angle is observed for the first time. It can be interpreted as an effect of additional pomeron exchanges between the protons from the interference between the bare and the rescattered amplitudes. After model tuning, various physical quantities are determined that are related to the pomeron cross section, proton-pomeron and meson-pomeron form factors, pomeron trajectory and intercept, and coefficients of diffractive eigenstates of the proton. © 2024 CERN, for the CMS and TOTEMs Collaboration
Consensus-based virtual leader tracking swarm algorithm with GDRRT*-PSO for path-planning of multiple-UAVs
No full textUAV technology is rapidly advancing and widely utilized, particularly in social and military domains, due to its extensive motion and maneuverability. Coordinating multiple UAVs enables more rapid and efficient task execution compared to a single UAV. The proliferation of UAVs across various sectors, including entertainment, transportation, delivery, and social domains, as well as military applications such as surveillance, tracking, and attack, has spurred research in swarm systems. In this study, a new swarm topology is presented by combining the Consensus-Based Virtual Leader Tracking Swarm Algorithm (CBVLTSA), which provides formation control in swarm systems, with the Goal Distance-based Rapidly-Exploring Random Tree with Particle Swarm Optimization (GDRRT*-PSO) route planning algorithm. Recently proposed, GDRRT* is notable for its efficient operation in expansive environments and rapid convergence to the goal. Within this framework, the path generated by GDRRT* is optimized using PSO to yield the shortest current route. CBVLTSA employs a potential push and pull function to facilitate cooperative, coordinated flight among swarm members. While applying pushing force to avoid collisions with each other and obstacles, members also exert pulling force to maintain flight formation while navigating to target points. This ensures controlled flight formation and collision-free traversal along the GDRRT*-PSO route. Consequently, unlike the others, the proposed algorithm achieves faster target reach with pre-planned routes, demonstrating a robust and flexible swarm topology with CBVLTSA. Moreover, we anticipate the significant utility of this algorithm across various swarm applications, including target detection, observation, tracking, trade and transportation logistics, and collective defense and attack strategies. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.RAC-LA
Examining the relationship between fathers participation levels in the education of their primary school children and the children's academic achievement
No full textTez No: 877691Çocuğun bakımında; sosyal, fiziksel ve zihinsel gelişiminde birçok faktör etkili olmaktadır. Günümüz sosyo-ekonomik şartları göz önüne alındığında ebeveynlerin çocuk bakımı ve çocukla ilgili eğitim-öğretim faaliyetlerine katılım gösterme rolünün değiştiği görülmektedir. Babaların çocuğun eğitim-öğretim hayatına katılımı bugüne kadar göz ardı edilmiştir. Baba katılımının çocuğun akademik başarısındaki etkisi yadsınamaz bir gerçektir. Bu araştırmada babaların ilkokula devam eden çocuklarının eğitimlerine katılım düzeyi ile çocukların akademik başarıları arasındaki ilişkinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, ilişkisel tarama modeli ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini Karaman ili merkezinde bulunan resmi ilkokulların 4. sınıf düzeyinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin babaları oluşturmaktadır. 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim yılında 4. sınıf düzeyinde öğrenim gören 519 öğrencinin babası araştırmaya katılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri "Kişisel Bilgi Formu" ve "Aile Katılım Ölçeği" ile toplanmıştır. Öğrencilerin akademik başarıları için 2022-2023 eğitim öğretim yılı sonunda elde ettikleri ağırlıklı yılsonu başarı puanları kullanılmıştır. Araştırma veri analizi için SPSS 26.0 programı kullanılmıştır. Veri analizlerinde betimsel istatistik teknikleri, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA), bağımsız örneklem t-testi, Pearson Momentler Çarpım Korelasyonu testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, babaların çocuklarının eğitimlerine katılım düzeylerinin ev temelli katılım alt boyutunda "sık sık" iken okul-aile işbirliği temelli ve okul temelli katılım alt boyutlarında ise "nadiren" olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca babaların çocuklarının eğitimlerine katılım düzeyleri, babanın yaşı, gelir durumu, eğitim düzeyi ve sahip olunan çocuk sayısına göre farklılaşmaktadır. Çocuk sayısı arttıkça babanın çocuklarının eğitimlerine katılım düzeyi düşmektedir. Bununla beraber ilkokul öğrencilerinin akademik başarıları, babaların yaşları, gelir düzeyleri ve eğitim seviyeleri yükseldikçe artmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda babaların çocuklarının eğitimlerine katılım düzeyleri ile çocukların akademik başarıları arasında anlamlı pozitif yönlü bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Çalışmanın bulguları babaların çocuklarının eğitimlerine katılım düzeyi arttıkça çocukların akademik başarılarının arttığı görüşünü desteklemektedir.Several factors play crucial role on child care and social, physical and mental development. Considering today's socio-economic conditions, the role of parents in childcare and participation in child-related educational activities has changed. Fathers' involvement in the child's educational life has been ignored so far. The effect of father involvement on the academic success of the child is an undeniable fact. In this study, it was aimed to determine the relationship between the level of father involvement and academic achievement of primary school students. The correlational survey design was utilized in this research. The population of the study consisted of the fathers of the students studying at the 4th grade of public primary schools in the center of Karaman. The fathers of 519 4th grade students in the 2022-2023 academic year participated in the study. The data of the study were collected with the "Demografic Information Form" and "Family Involvement Scale". For the academic achievement of the students, achievement scores obtained at the end of the 2022-2023 academic year were used. SPSS 26.0 program was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistical techniques, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), independent sample t-test, Pearson Product Moment Correlation test were used in data analysis. Findings of the study revealed that fathers' involvement levels were found to be "frequent" in the home-based involvement sub-dimension and "rare" in the school-family cooperation-based and school-based involvement sub-dimensions. In addition, fathers' involvement levels differed according to the father's age, income, education level and number of children. As the number of children increases, the level of father involvement decreases. The academic success of primary school students increases as the fathers' age, income level and education level increase. A significant positive relationship was found between the level of father involvement and academic success of primary school students. The findings of the study support that as the level of father involvement increases, students' academic success increases
Enhancing microalgae classification accuracy in marine ecosystems through convolutional neural networks and support vector machines
No full textAccurately classifying microalgae species is vital for monitoring marine ecosystems and managing the emergence of marine mucilage, which is crucial for monitoring mucilage phenomena in marine environments. Traditional methods have been inadequate due to time-consuming processes and the need for expert knowledge. The purpose of this article is to employ convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and support vector machines (SVMs) to improve classification accuracy and efficiency. By employing advanced computational techniques, including MobileNet and GoogleNet models, alongside SVM classification, the study demonstrates significant advancements over conventional identification methods. In the classification of a dataset consisting of 7820 images using four different SVM kernel functions, the linear kernel achieved the highest success rate at 98.79 %. It is followed by the RBF kernel at 98.73 %, the polynomial kernel at 97.84 %, and the sigmoid kernel at 97.20 %. This research not only provides a methodological framework for future studies in marine biodiversity monitoring but also highlights the potential for real-time applications in ecological conservation and understanding mucilage dynamics amidst climate change and environmental pollution.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [121G114]; TUBITAKThis study was supported by Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under the Grant Number 121G114. The authors thank to TUBITAK for their supports
DETERMINATION OF THE CARBON FOOTPRINT OF ANIMAL WASTE AND CLIMATE CHANGE; KARAMAN EXAMPLE
No full textClimate change is a major concern around the world. In this context, the carbon footprint of animal waste is of critical importance for sustainability and climate change management. The aim of this study is to estimate the carbon footprint resulting from animal breeding and animal waste in the Karaman region. In the study, 2022 data was used and there are 1019277 sheep and 81368 cattle for Karaman. In the study, Tier 1 and Tier 2 approaches were used to estimate methane gas emissions related to both enteric fermentation resulting from animal digestive processes and manure management. According to the results of the study, the results obtained using Tier 1 and Tier 2 approaches are as follows: 0.4924-0.5014 kg CO2e per 1 liter of milk for Cattle. For sheep, it is 4.5167-6.5627 kg CO2e per 1 kg of meat. For goat, it is 5.0813-6.0231 kg CO2e per 1 kg of meat. These results can be taken into account when creating strategies to reduce methane gas emissions. It is recommended to add better quality and high energy content foods to the feed ration, especially to reduce enteric fermentation. In addition, this study is a resource for relevant researchers working in the field in calculating the carbon loads of animal waste and is thought to be a guide for decision makers and practitioners
Apoptosis of hippocampus and cerebellum induced with brain ischemia reperfusion prevented by 3',4'-dihydroxyflavonol (DiOHF)
No full textThe present study aimed to determine the effect of 3',4'-dihydroxyflavonol (DiOHF) on apoptosis in the cerebellum and hippocampus in rats with ischemia-reperfusion. A total of 38 Wistar albino male rats were used. Experimental groups were designed as Group 1-Sham; Group 2-Ischemia-reperfusion (IR), in which animals were anesthetized and carotid arteries ligated for 30 minutes (ischemia) and reperfused 30 minutes; Group 3- IR + DiOHF (10 mg/kg); Group 4- Ischemia + DiOHF (10 mg/kg) + reperfusion; Group 5-DiOHF + IR. DiOHF was supplemented as 10 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection 30 minutes before IR. Following application, the animals were sacrificed under general anesthetic by cervical dislocation, and the cerebellum and hippocampus tissues were analyzed for apoptosis. IR significantly increased hippocampus and cerebellum apoptosis activity, confirmed by Hematoxylin-Eosin, TUNEL labeling, and Caspase-8 activity. However, these values were significantly suppressed by the administration of DiOHF, especially when used before the ischemia and reperfusion. The results of the study show that increased apoptosis in the cerebellum and hippocampus tissue was inhibited by intraperitoneal DiOHF supplementation.Selcuk University Scientific Research Coordinatorship [18401105]This research has been supported by Selcuk University Scientific Research Coordinatorship (Project number is 18401105
The effect of endurance training on cardiac and muscle damage in male football players
Get PDFThis study aimed to investigate the effects of a six-week endurance training program on heart and muscle damage in football players. Twenty male football players from the same team voluntarily participated in the study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 10; mean age 22 +/- 2.21 years) and the control group (n =10; mean age 22.3 +/- 1.76 years). On the first day of the study, 3 mL of venous blood samples were collected into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tubes by a specialist to measure N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide for cardiac damage and Creatine Kinase (CK) for muscle damage. On the second day of the study, the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level-1 (YIRT1) was conducted to assess the players' maximum oxygen consumption (VO(2)max) and maximum aerobic speed (MAS) values. After six weeks of endurance training, the procedures above were repeated. A statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test data of CK, NT-ProBNP and VO(2)max in the experimental group (p 0.05). Additionally, based on the analysis of variance repeated measured analysis, a statistically significant difference was observed between the experimental and control groups regarding the time and time x group variables for NT-ProBNP and VO(2)max parameters (p 0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed in CK levels in terms of the group variable (p 0.05). Ultimately, our study revealed that endurance training positively affects heart and muscle damage.Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Scientific Research Projects (BAP) unit [01-D-22[D6]]This study was granted by Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Scientific Research Projects (BAP) unit (grant no: 01-D-22[D6] )
Xerocomellus cisalpinus’un Türkiye Mikobiyotası İçin İlk Kaydı
Get PDFXerocomellus cisalpinus (Simonini, H. Ladurner & Peintner) Klofac is presented as new record for Turkish Mycobiota. This species is the sixth member of the genus Xerocomellus Šutara to be determined in Türkiye. A brief description of the species and the photographs, related to its macro and micromorphologies is presented.Xerocomellus cisalpinus (Simonini, H. Ladurner & Peintner) Klofac, Türkiye Mikobiyotası için yeni kayıt olarak verilmiştir. Bu tür Xerocomellus Šutara cinsinin Türkiye’de belirlenen altıncı üyesidir. Türün kısa betimlemesi ile makro ve mikromorfolojisine ilişkin fotoğrafları verilmiştir
(?i,?)-constacyclic codes and DNA codes over ?4 + u?4 + u2?4
No full textIn this paper, three new automorphisms were identified over the ring ?4 + u?4 + u2?4 where u3 = u2. With the help of these automorphisms, the characteristic structures of the generator polynomials for the ?i-cyclic codes and (?i,?)-constacyclic codes of odd length on this ring were investigated. Also, for all the units over the ring, ?4-images of ?i-cyclic and (?i,?)-constacyclic codes were reviewed with the associated codes based on determined transformations. Using these observations, new and optimal codes were obtained and presented in the table. In addition, a new transformation was identified that involved DNA base pairs with the elements of ?4. Moreover, a unit reverse polynomial was created, and in this way a new generation method has been built to construct reversible DNA codes over this ring. Finally, this article was further enhanced with supporting examples of the DNA as a part of the study. © 2024 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press