Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University
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Model-independent search for pair production of new bosons decaying into muons in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 tev
No full textThe results of a model-independent search for the pair production of new bosons within a mass range of 0.21 < m < 60 GeV, are presented. This study utilizes events with a four-muon final state. We use two data sets, comprising 41.5 fb(-1) and 59.7 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at root s = 13TeV, recorded in 2017 and 2018 by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. The study of the 2018 data set includes a search for displaced signatures of a new boson within the proper decay length range of 0 < c tau < 100mm. Our results are combined with a previous CMS result, based on 35.9 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at root s = 13TeV collected in 2016. No significant deviation from the expected background is observed. Results are presented in terms of a model-independent upper limit on the product of cross section, branching fraction, and acceptance. The findings are interpreted across various benchmark models, such as an axion-like particle model, a vector portal model, the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model, and a dark supersymmetric scenario, including those predicting a non-negligible proper decay length of the new boson. In all considered scenarios, substantial portions of the parameter space are excluded, expanding upon prior results
Is there a risk of developmental problems in infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus and/or pre-eclampsia?
Get PDFObjective: The aims of this study were (i) to describe the early spontaneous movements in 3-to 5-month-old infants in groups of infants born to mothers with GDM and/or PE, (ii) to compare them, and (iii) to analyze the differences between infants with these risk factors and typically developing infants born to mothers without GDM and/or PE and other risk factors.
Methods: This cohort study included 255 infants in 4 groups: (i) 96 infants born to mothers with GDM, (ii) 78 infants born to mothers with PE, (iii) 31 infants born to mothers with GDM and PE, and (iv) 50 typically developing infants. Early spontaneous movements, including not only fidgety movements but also concurrent movement and postural patterns, were assessed using the General Movements Assessment (GMA), which determines the Motor Optimality Score-Revised (MOS-R). Comparisons were made using one-way ANOVA for normally distributed continuous variables, Kruskal-Wallis test for non-normally distributed data, and Pearson chi-squared for categorical variables. Univariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: There were no differences between the three groups, which included infants whose mothers had at least one of these risk factors (p>0.05). Infants born to mothers with GDM, infants born to mothers with PE, and infants born to mothers with both GDM and PE had more aberrant fidgety movements, reduced age-adequate movement repertoire, and more abnormal postural patterns than typically developing infants (p<0.05), in addition to lower MOS-R. When looking at those with ≤24 in MOS-R, the odds ratios were ≥2.74.
Conclusion: Findings suggest that early spontaneous movements, GMA, may play a crucial role in understanding developmental outcomes of these infants and in determining infants who need early intervention
The impact of climate change on organisational structures of municipalities in Türkiye
Get PDFBu çalışmada Türkiye'deki büyükşehir ve il belediyelerinin iklim değişikliği ile mücadeledeki rolünün kurumsal yapılarına yansımaları incelenmektedir. İklim değişikliğinin etkileri, kentlerde yoğun nüfus ve sanayileşme sebebiyle daha belirgin hale gelmekte ve belediyelerin bu süreçte önemi artmaktadır. Belediyelerin iklim değişikliği birimleri kurarak yerel düzeyde iklim politikaları ve iklim eylem planları oluşturması ve geliştirmesi beklenmektedir. Çalışmada literatür taraması yöntemi kullanılarak iklim değişikliğine ilişkin politikaların ve uygulamaların belediyelerin kurumsal yapıları üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada Türkiye’deki 30 büyükşehir ve 51 il belediyesi kapsam dâhilinde değerlendirilmiş ve bu belediyelerin iklim değişikliği ve sıfır atık birimlerini kurup kurmadıkları analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak 30 büyükşehir belediyesinden 20’si, 51 il belediyesinden ise 31’i doğrudan iklim değişikliği ve sıfır atık birimini kurarak; bazı belediyeler ise çevre koruma ve kontrol birimleri bünyesinde yeniden yapılanmaya giderek iklim değişikliği ile mücadele sürecine eklemlendiği görülmektedir.This study analyses the reflections of the role of metropolitan and provincial municipalities in combating climate change on their institutional structures in Türkiye. The impacts of climate change become more evident due to dense population and industrialisation in cities and the importance of municipalities increases in this process. Municipalities are expected to establish climate change units to formulate and develop climate policies and climate action plans at local level. In this study, the effects of policies and practices related to climate change on the institutional structures of municipalities are analysed by using the literature review method. In this study, 30 metropolitan and 51 provincial municipalities are evaluated within the scope, and it is analysed whether these municipalities have established climate change and zero waste units in Türkiye. As a result, not only 20 out of 30 metropolitan municipalities and 31 out of 51 provincial municipalities have directly established climate change and zero waste units, but also some municipalities have joined the process of combating climate change by restructuring within environmental protection and control units
Overview of high-density QCD studies with the CMS experiment at the LHC
Get PDFWe review key measurements performed by CMS in the context of its heavy ion physics program, using event samples collected in 2010-2018 with several collision systems and energies. These studies provide detailed macroscopic and microscopic probes of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created at the LHC energies, a medium characterized by the highest temperature and smallest baryon-chemical potential ever reached in the laboratory. Numerous observables related to high-density quantum chromodynamics (QCD) were studied, leading to some of the most impactful and qualitatively novel results in the 40-year history of the field. Using a dedicated high-multiplicity trigger in the first pp run, CMS discovered that small collision systems can exhibit signs of collectivity, a generic phenomenon with significant implications and presently understood to affect essentially all soft physics processes. This observation opened new paths to understand how fluidity and plasma properties emerge in QCD matter as a function of system size. Measurements of jet quenching have reached a completely new level of detail by directly assessing, for the first time, the medium modification of parton showers, as opposed to simply observing leading hadrons or di-hadrons. The first fully reconstructed beauty hadron and heavy-flavor jet nuclear modifications were also measured. The large size of the event samples, the precision of the measurements, and the extension of the probed kinematical phase space, allowed many other hard probes of the QGP medium to be explored in detail, leading to multiple groundbreaking findings. In particular, the seminal measurements of bottomonium suppression patterns answer fundamental questions that have been actively pursued, both theoretically and experimentally, by the community since the mid-1980s. We conclude by outlining the opportunities offered by the continuation of this physics program at the LHC. (c) 2024 CERN for the benefit of the CMS Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
The examination of elderly individuals’ gathering behaviors in worship settings in the context of social interaction and participation
Get PDFYaşlı bireylerin biyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyal özelliklerinde meydana gelen değişimler, onların fiziki ve sosyal çevrelerine uyum sağlamasını zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu araştırma yaşlı bireylerin ibadet ortamlarında bir araya gelme davranışlarını, sosyal etkileşim ve toplumsal katılım bağlamında incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Nitel bir çalışma olarak tasarlanan bu araştırmada, fenomenolojik desen kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri, 19 yaşlı bireyle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılarak toplanmış ve MAXQDA programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, yaşlı bireylerin ibadet ortamlarını yalnızca dini motivasyonlarla değil, aynı zamanda sosyal bağlarını güçlendirmek, akran desteği almak ve toplumsal aidiyet duygularını pekiştirmek amacıyla kullandıklarını göstermektedir. İbadet ortamları, yaşlı bireylerin sosyal ağlarını genişletmesine, toplumsal katılım ve aidiyet duygusunun gelişmesine, yardımlaşma ve dayanışma duygularının pekişmesine ve sosyal becerilerinin gelişmesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda ibadet ortamları, yalnızca dini pratiklerin gerçekleştirildiği alanlar değil, aynı zamanda yaşlı bireylerin sosyal destek ve dayanışma deneyimlediği, genel refahlarını ve yaşam kalitelerini artıran topluluk merkezleri olarak da işlev görmektedir.Changes in the biological, psychological and social characteristics of elderly individuals make it difficult for them to adapt to their physical and social environment. This research aims to examine the behaviours of elderly individuals in worship environments in the context of social interaction and social participation. A phenomenological design was used in this research, which was designed as a qualitative study. The study's data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 19 elderly individuals and analysed with MAXQDA software. The findings show that older adults use worship environments not only for religious motivations but also to strengthen their social ties, receive peer support, and reinforce their sense of social belonging. Worship environments contribute to the expansion of elderly individuals' social networks, the development of their sense of social participation and belonging, the strengthening of their feelings of solidarity, and the development of their social skills. In this context, places of worship are not only spaces where religious practices are carried out but also function as community centres where elderly individuals experience social support and solidarity, increasing their general well-being and quality of life
An analysis of 2023 independent audit reports on the content of key audit matters
Get PDFBilgi kullanıcılarının ihtiyacı olan doğru ve güvenilir bilgilere erişimde bağımsız denetimin önemi oldukça fazladır. Ancak son yıllarda ortaya çıkan muhasebe skandalları ve yaşanan ekonomik krizler, denetim şirketlerine ve denetim raporlarına olan güveni azaltmış ve güvenin tekrar kazanılması için denetim raporlarında birtakım değişikliklerin yapılması öngörülmüştür. Çalışmada, Borsa İstanbul (BİST) İmalat sektörünün alt sektörleri Tekstil, Giyim Eşyası ve Deri ile Kâğıt ve Kâğıt Ürünleri Basım sektöründeki şirketlerin 2023 yılı denetim raporunda açıklanan kilit denetim konuları, denetim firmalarının tespiti ve denetçi görüşlerinin türlerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada Tekstil, Giyim Eşyası ve Deri ile Kâğıt ve Kâğıt Ürünleri Basım sektöründe toplam 40 şirketin bağımsız denetim raporuna yönelik içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışmada literatür taraması incelenmiş ve şirketlerin kilit denetim konuların değerlendirilmesi yapılarak sonuç kısımları yorumlanmıştır. Sonuçlara göre; kilit denetim konularının en çok TMS-29 Yüksek Enflasyonlu Ekonomilerde Finansal Raporlama kaleminde bildirildiği, bunu sırasıyla hasılat, maddi duran varlıklar, ticari alacaklar ve yatırım amaçlı gayrimenkul kalemlerinin takip ettiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.Independent auditing is very important in accessing accurate and reliable information that information users need. However, accounting scandals and economic crises in recent years have reduced the trust in audit firms and audit reports, and some changes in audit reports are envisaged to regain trust. The study aims to compare the key audit matters, identification of audit firms and types of auditor opinions disclosed in the 2023 audit reports of companies in the Textile, Apparel and Leather and Paper and Paper and Paper Products Printing sectors, which are sub-sectors of the Borsa Istanbul (BIST) Manufacturing sector. In the study, a content analysis was conducted on the independent audit reports of 40 companies in the Textile, Apparel and Leather and Paper and Paper Products Printing sectors. In the study, the literature review was examined and the key audit issues of the companies were evaluated and the results were interpreted. According to the results, it was concluded that key audit matters were most frequently reported in TAS-29 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies, followed by revenue, property, plant and equipment, trade receivables and investment property
Correction to: Investigation of Microstructure, Hardness, Corrosion and Machinability Properties of Commercially Pure Aluminum alloyed with Rare-Earth Elements (International Journal of Metalcasting, (2025), 10.1007/s40962-025-01627-2)
No full textIn the original online version of this article, Reference 37 was incorrect. Following is the correct reference: G. Mauvoisin, O. Bartier, R. El Abdi, & A. Nayebi, A, Influence of material properties on the drilling thrust to hardness ratio. Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf. 43, 825–832 (2003). The original article was corrected
Assessing medication adherence to tadalafil 5 mg once daily in erectile dysfunction: A cross-sectional analysis
Get PDFOur study aimed to examine medication adherence (MA) to tadalafil 5 mg once daily (OaD) in patients undergoing treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) and to identify factors contributing to potential drug noncompliance. This cross-sectional study included 233 patients diagnosed with ED. Sociodemographic and clinical data were recorded. MA was assessed using the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS). Additionally, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ), the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ), and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) were employed to evaluate patients' perceptions and beliefs regarding their condition and treatment. The influence of these factors on MA was thoroughly analyzed. High MA was reported in 136 (58.4%) of 233 patients. Factors, such as education level, monthly income, frequency of medical examinations, smoking habits, and a history of radical pelvic surgery, were found to influence MA (p < 0.05) significantly. Multivariate analysis identified monthly income and radical pelvic surgery history as statistically significant predictors of adherence (p ≤ 0.05). Additionally, adherence was significantly associated with IIEF scores, five items on the B-IPQ, and the BMQ subscales, including specific concerns, necessity, and general harm (p < 0.05). Tadalafil OaD demonstrates acceptable rates of MA in the treatment of ED. Socioeconomic and clinical factors, patients' cognitive and sensory status, and perceptions regarding medications and healthcare providers significantly influence adherence. Physicians should exercise caution when prescribing tadalafil 5 mg OaD to patients with lower socioeconomic status, as they may be at higher risk for reduced MA
Explainable AI in smart grid applications
Get PDFThe transformation of conventional electrical networks into Smart Grids represents a significant advancement in power systems, driven by the integration of cutting-edge developments in artificial intelligence (AI), communication, and computational technologies. Unlike traditional grids, Smart Grids utilize vast volumes of data collected from smart meters, sensors, remote control units, and end-user devices. This data abundance enhances system monitoring, supports accurate demand forecasting, and enables intelligent decision-making to improve energy efficiency, reliability, and power quality. However, the complexity and scale of such datasets often exceed the capabilities of conventional computational methods, making AI-based approaches increasingly indispensable. Despite their advantages, AI models are often criticized for their lack of transparency and interpretability, which poses challenges in safety-critical and regulated environments such as power systems. To address these concerns, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has emerged as a promising paradigm to make AI decisions more understandable and trustworthy. XAI techniques provide insights into model behavior, enabling greater user trust, regulatory compliance, and informed operational decisions. This paper highlights the essential role of XAI in the advancement of smart grid technologies and presents a concise review of current applications where XAI has been successfully integrated, including anomaly detection, load forecasting, energy management, and fault diagnosis. By bridging the gap between model performance and interpretability, XAI contributes significantly to the development of sustainable, secure, and transparent smart energy systems
Lichen extracts inhibit Candida albicans growth and biofilm formation via cAMP-PKA and Cek1 MAPK signaling pathway
Get PDFThe increasing prevalence of Candida infections and growing concerns about antifungal resistance have encouraged research into new therapeutic agents from natural sources. This study investigated the antifungal activity of Dermatocarpon miniatum (L.) W. Mann and Parmelia saxatilis (L.) Ach. lichen extracts against Candida species, focusing on their antibiofilm effects and underlying molecular mechanisms. Methanol and aqueous extracts of both lichens were prepared and evaluated against four reference and 19 clinical Candida strains using microdilution methods. This study employed a multi-modal approach to explore the antibiofilm effect of lichen extracts on Candida albicans, including CCK-8 assay for antibiofilm capacity, qRT-PCR for biofilm-related (cAMP-PKA and Cek1 MAPK pathways) gene expressions, field emission scanning electron microscopy for morphological assessment, and Galleria mellonella infection model for in vivo evaluation. Antifungal susceptibility tests revealed only methanol extracts showed antifungal activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 160 to 2500 μg/mL for P. saxatilis methanol extract (ParM) and 320–2500 μg/mL for D. miniatum methanol extract (DerM). ParM (1250 μg/mL) significantly reduced biofilm formation and down-regulated key genes involved in both pathways. Methanol extracts of lichens disrupted hyphal networks and cell integrity. In the Galleria mellonella model, DerM provided protection similar to fluconazole, while ParM provided 60 % survival. These findings indicate that lichen extracts, particularly ParM, inhibit Candida albicans biofilm formation by downregulating genes in the cAMP-PKA and Cek1 MAPK pathways. Despite the promising antibiofilm and in vivo activities of these extracts, their limited antifungal activity against Candida suggests that further research is needed for their therapeutic potential