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GROWTH PERFORMANCES AND INTESTINAL BACTERIAL POPULATIONS OF PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMP (Penaeus vannamei) FED WITH DIFFERENT DIETARY PREBIOTICS-SUPPLEMENTED FEED
Get PDFPrebiotic applications in aquaculture are mainly given in the form of single or mixed prebiotics. A number of studies compared the effects of different doses or frequencies of a single prebiotic application. However, studies comparing different prebiotics in order to find the most effective ones for certain farmed species are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different dietary prebiotics on the growth performances and intestinal bacterial populations of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). Four treatments with triplicates were arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments consisted of feed supplemented with different dietary prebiotics for Pacific white shrimp, including control (without dietary prebiotic), 0.5% honey (v/w), 0.5% mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) (w/w), and 0.5% inulin (w/w). Pacific white shrimp (1.59 ± 0.12 g) were randomly stocked in 12 glass tanks (60 x 30 x 40 cm3) with a stocking density of 15 shrimp per tank. The shrimp were fed the experimental feed to apparent satiation four times daily for 30 days. Growth parameters observed consisted of final weight, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), survival of Pacific white shrimp, total bacterial count, total Vibrio count, and dominance of Vibrio in the intestine of experimental shrimp. Dietary prebiotics improve the growth performances of Pacific white shrimp. The highest growth performances were found in the shrimp treated with dietary honey. The improvement in growth performance may be due to the ability of honey to boost the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the intestines of Pacific white shrimp.Pemanfaatan prebiotik dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yang terdiri atas prebiotik tunggal dan prebiotik campuran. Banyak penelitian sebelumnya yang berfokus pada perbandingan dosis atau frekuensi satu jenis prebiotik tetapi tidak membandingkan jenis prebiotik yang berbeda untuk menemukan prebiotik yang paling efektif untuk spesies tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian pakan prebiotik yang berbeda terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan dan populasi bakteri usus udang vaname (Penaeus vannamei). Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas pemberian pakan prebiotik yang berbeda pada udang vaname meliputi kontrol (tanpa prebiotik), madu 0,5% (v/b), mannan-oligosakarida (MOS) 0,5% (b/b), dan inulin 0,5% (b/b). Udang vaname (1,59 ± 0,12 g) ditebar secara acak dalam 12 akuarium kaca (60 x 30 x 40 cm3) dengan padat tebar 15 udang per akuarium. Udang diberi pakan percobaan sampai kenyang empat kali sehari selama 30 hari. Parameter yang diamati terdiri atas bobot akhir, laju pertumbuhan spesifik (LPS), rasio konversi pakan (RKP), kelangsungan hidup udang vaname, jumlah bakteri total, jumlah Vibrio total, dan dominasi Vibrio dalam usus udang percobaan. Pemberian pakan prebiotik meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan udang vaname. Kinerja pertumbuhan tertinggi ditemukan pada udang yang diberi madu. Peningkatan kinerja pertumbuhan ini mungkin disebabkan oleh kemampuan madu dalam meningkatkan perkembangbiakan bakteri menguntungkan di usus udang vaname
PERBANDINGAN METODE EKSTRAKSI RIBO NUCLEIC ACID YANG BERBEDA PADA JARINGAN MANTEL KERANG BIRU (Mytilus edulis)
Get PDFKerang biru (Mytilus edulis) merupakan salah satu sentinel spesies yang dapat bertahan hidup di berbagai kondisi lingkungan, bahkan di daerah dengan tekanan tinggi, namun kemampuan fisiologisnya masih belum banyak diketahui hingga saat ini. Regulasi fisiologis hewan dapat diketahui dengan mengetahui karakteristik genotip hewan melalui analisis genomik. Salah satu tahap yang diperlukan dalam analisis genomik adalah ekstraksi RNA. Perolehan kualitas dan kuantitas RNA yang baik merupakan langkah awal yang penting untuk analisis genomik selanjutnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan metode ekstraksi RNA yang berbeda pada jaringan mantel kerang biru agar dapat dihasilkan kualitas dan kuantitas RNA yang baik untuk analisis genomik. Dua metode ektraksi RNA yaitu menggunakan RNAqueous Phenol-free total RNA Isolation dan TRIzolTM. Reagent. Data berupa hasil deskriptif dan kuantitatif, RNA yang telah berhasil diekstraksi dinilai kualitas dan kuantitasnya dengan menggunakan alat Agilent 5300 Fragment Analyzer. Penggunaan RNAqueous Phenol-free total RNA Isolation dalam mengekstraksi jaringan mantel kerang biru tidak dapat dilakukan dengan baik. Penggunaan metode ekstraksi RNA dengan Kit TRIzolTM Reagent menghasilkan ekstrak RNA jaringan mantel kerang biru dengan nilai konsentrasi total RNA berkisar 48,91-392,38 ng mL-1, nilai RNA Quality Number (RQN) berkisar 7,6-9,6 dan rasio 28S:18S berkisar 0-3,5. Metode TRIzolTM Reagent kit memiliki efektifitas lebih baik dalam menghasilkan ekstrak RNA pada jaringan mantel kerang biru dengan kualitas dan kuantitas RNA yang baik.The blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) is a sentinel species that can survive in various environmental conditions, even in high pressure areas, but its physiological abilities has not been widely known. Marine physiological regulation can be known by knowing the characteristics of the biota genotype through genomic analysis. One of the steps required in genomic analysis is RNA extraction. Obtaining good quality and quantity of RNA is an important first step for further genomic analysis. This study aimed to compare different RNA extraction methods in blue mussel mantle tissue, so that it is expected to produce good RNA for genomic analysis. Two RNA extraction methods used were RNAqueous Phenol-free total RNA Isolation and TRIzolTM. Reagents. The data were in the form of descriptive and quantitative results, the quality and quantity of RNA that has been successfully extracted is assessed using the Agilent 5300 Fragment Analyzer. The use of RNAqueous Phenol-free total RNA Isolation in extracting mantle tissue of blue mussel cannot be carried out well. The use of the RNA extraction method with the TRIzolTM Reagent Kit produced RNA extract of blue mussel mantle tissue with total RNA concentration values ranging from 48,91-392,38 ng mL-1, RNA quality number (RQN) ranging from 7.6-9.6 and ratio of 28S:18S ranging from 0-3.5. The TRIzolTM Reagent kit method had better effectiveness in producing RNA extract from blue mussel mantle tissue with good quality and quantity of RNA
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR LIMBAH IKAN PATIN TERHADAP BIOMASSA Azolla microphylla PADA MEDIA PEMELIHARAAN IKAN NILA
Get PDFPupuk organik cair (POC) yang terbuat dari limbah ikan patin mengandung nitrogen, fosfat, dan kalium yang dibutuhkan untuk pertumbuhan Azolla microphylla. Tanaman ini dapat dijadikan sebagai pakan tambahan pada budidaya ikan nila dan dapat digunakan untuk memperbaiki kualitas air (fitoremediasi). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh POC limbah ikan patin (Pangasianodon hypophthalamus) terhadap biomassa A. microphylla pada media pemeliharaan ikan nila. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), dengan empat taraf perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan. Perlakuan berupa pemberian POC dari limbah ikan patin dengan volume berbeda, yaitu P0 (tanpa pemberian POC), P1 (0,875 mL L-1), P2(2,625 mL L-1), dan P3 (5,25 mL L-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian POC limbah ikan patin 2,625 mL L-1 menjadi perlakuan terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan bobot mutlak A. microphylla dengan rata-rata 60 g dan laju pertumbuhan relatif sebesar 1,72 ± 0,09 g hari-1. Pemberian POC memiliki kandungan nutrisi yang tinggi sehingga A. microphylla mampu berkontribusi sebagai pakan alami sebesar 96% serta menghasilkan bobot mutlak ikan nila 1,89 g. Liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) made from catfish waste contains nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium which are needed for the growth of Azolla microphylla. This plant can be used as additional feed in tilapia cultivation and can be used to improve water quality (phytoremediation). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of LOF from catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalamus) waste on A. microphylla biomass in tilapia rearing media. This experiment was performed through a completely randomized design (CRD), with four treatment levels and three replications. The treatments consisted of administering LOF from catfish waste in different volumes, namely P0 (without administration of LOF), P1 (0.875 mL L-1), P2 (2.625 mL L-1), and P3 (5.25 mL L-1). The results showed that administering 2.625 mL L-1 of LOF from catfish waste was the best treatment for the absolute weight growth of A. microphylla with an average of 60 g and a relative growth rate of 1.72 ± 0.09 g day-1. Administering LOF has a high nutritional content so that A. microphylla is able to contribute 96% as natural food and produces an absolute weight of tilapia of 1.89 g
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS IKAN KARANG PADA TERUMBU BUATAN DI KAWASAN PERTAMBANGAN LAUT, BANGKA BELITUNG
Get PDFTujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, keseragaman, dan dominansi ikan karang di terumbu buatan di perairan Penyusuk. Upaya rehabilitasi terumbu karang dengan menggunakan metode terumbu buatan dilakukan oleh PT. Artha Cipta Langgeng. Desain terumbu buatan berbentuk kubus berongga dengan luas bagian dasar 6,25 m2 yang diharapkan dapat menjadi habitat baru bagi organisme laut. Pengamatan ikan karang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode stationary visual sensus. Hasil menunjukan bahwa ikan karang di lokasi terumbu buatan ditemukan sebanyak 23 spesies dari 10 famili. Kelimpahan ikan karang di semua stasiun pengamatan terumbu buatan berkisar 189,92 – 325,28 indivudu.m-2,termasuk kategori Sangat Melimpah. Indeks keanekaragaman jenis ikan berkisar 1,09 - 1,65, termasuk kategori Sedang yang berarti bahwa penyebaran setiap spesies ikan karang stabil dalam komunitas dan berada dalam kondisi normal. Nilai indeks keseragaman berkisar 0,47 - 0,67, termasuk dalam kategori Sedang (5 stasiun) hingga Tinggi (1 stasiun). Kondisi spesies ditemukan merata pada setiap stasiun karena tidak adanya spesies yang lebih dominan. Nilai indeks dominansi berkisar 0,29 - 0,43, termasuk kategori Rendah (1 stasiun) dan Sedang (5 stasiun). Tiga famili yang paling dominan yaitu famili Lutjaniade, Apogonidae, Leiognathanidae. Terumbu buatan di perairan Penyusuk didominasi oleh kelompok ikan target.The aim was to determine the abundance, diversity, uniformity, and dominance of reef fish in artificial reefs in Penyusuk waters. Coral reef rehabilitation efforts using the artificial reef method were carried out by PT. Artha Cipta Langgeng. The artificial reef design is in the form of a hollow cube with a volume of 6.25 m3 which is expected to become a new habitat for marine organisms. Reef fish observations were carried out using the stationary visual census method. The results showed that there were 23 species of reef fish in the artificial reef site from 10 families. The abundance of reef fish at all artificial reef observation stations ranged from 189.92 – 325.28 individual/m3, including the Very Abundant category. The condition of this fish abundance is strongly influenced by food factors, orientation towards the new environment, and finding a safe place to take shelter. The fish species diversity index ranged from 1.09 to 1.65, including the Moderate category, which means that the distribution of each reef fish species is stable in the community and is in normal conditions. The environmental pressure on the fish community is not too heavy and the environmental carrying capacity for the fish community is quite good. The uniformity index values range from 0.47 to 0.67, belonging to the Moderate (5 stations) to High (1 station) categories. The condition of the species was found evenly at each station because there were no more dominant species. Dominance index values range from 0.29 to 0.43, including the Low category (1 station) and Medium (5 stations). The three most dominant families are the Lutjaniade, Apogonidae, and Leiognathanidae families. The artificial reefs in the Susuk waters are dominated by target fish groups
PENYELAMATAN ARSIP KEKARANTINAAN IKAN DAN MUTU HASIL PERIKANAN PASCA PEMBENTUKAN BADAN KARANTINA INDONE- SIA DAN PENATAAN ORGANISASI PADA KEMENTERIAN KELAUTAN DAN PERIKANAN DI BALAI KIPM SEMARANG
Get PDFABSTRAKArsip menjadi penting untuk suatu organisasi yang harus dikelola sesuai dengan kaidah-kaidah kearsipan yang berlaku. Ketika suatu organisasi mengalami perubahan, maka sesuai ketentuan arsip yang sudah tercipta harus diselamatkan, Unit Kearsipan harus mengambil tindakan untuk melakukan upaya penyelamatan arsip dari Unit Pengolah tersebut. Dengan dilakukannya kegiatan penyelamatan arsip, makaakan mengurangi kemungkinan hilangnya informasi atau rusaknya fisik arsip serta sebagai antisipasi dalam menyelamtkan arsip-arsip yang bernilai guna sejarah yang akan di simpan sebagai arsip statis.Metode yang dilakukan pada jurnal ini melalui pendekatan Kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus yang memusatkan pada suatu kasus secara intensif dan rinci, jurnal ini disusun dengan maksud dan tujuanuntuk mengetahui secara mendalam tentang kegiatan pengelolaan arsip pasca perubahan organisasi.Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan, ditemukan 3 tema yaitu persiapan penyelamatan arsip, proses penyelamatan arsip, serta kendala dan upaya penyelamatan arsip. Tema pertama adalah persiapanpenyelamatan arsip untuk melakukanhal-hal sebelum dilaksanakan kegiatan penyelamatan arsip. Hal-hal yang dapat dilakukan dalam persiapan penyelamatan arsip dengan menyediakan atau memiliki prosedur yang sesuai, mengumpulkan Unit Pengolah/Unit Kearsipan UPT, membentuk tim dari Unit Kearsipan I di Lingkungan Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. Tema kedua adalah proses penyelamatan arsip, padatahap ini dilakukan pendataan arsip, melakukan verifikasi dan penilaian arsip, penyerahan arsip, waktu penyelamatan, sarana dan prasarana serta dokumen yang diselamatkan. Tema ketiga adalah kendala danupaya penyelamatan arsip
TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLOW PATTERN MODEL IN THE WATERS OF BAKAU BAY BINTAN DISTRICT
Get PDFOcean currents are the movement of sea water masses in a certain direction caused by several factors, namely wind, tides and bathymetry. Hydrodynamic modeling aims to determine the speed and direction of ocean currents in the waters of Bakau Bay through a two-dimensional model. The current pattern of the north season to the east season is influenced by sea water masses with an average current speed ranging from 0.22-0.24 m/s, while the south season to West season currents with an average speed of 0.04-0.26 m/s, this shows the meeting of different water masses so that the speed and direction of the current results in random or rotating currents. From the calculations of the normality test and anova test, it is known that the field current and model simulation values are normally distributed and there is no significant difference in values in the two data, so based on the RMSE value, it shows that the difference in values between the model simulation results and direct data measurements is relatively small. This also shows that the ocean surface current model created is sufficient to describe actual conditions
LAND UTILIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF VANAME SHRIMP CULTIVATION IN COASTAL AREA, KUBU SUB-DISTRICT, KARANGASEM REGENCY, BALI
Get PDFThe pond land suitability is the most important things in shrimp farming to maintain production and ensure the development of aquaculture businesses. This research aims to determine the outland suitability of the coastal area of Karangasem Regency, evaluate the distribution pattern of cultivation activities and identify regional development factors. This research was a descriptive qualitative study where the analysis results related to mapping of land uses studies are presented descriptively. The data used in this study consisted of primary data: (i) physical-geographic of coastal areas; (ii) public aspirations in coastal areas, and secondary data traced from BPS, Ministry of ATR/BPN Office of Karangasem and PUPR Service Karangasem Regency. The results of this research showed that the spatial analysis of the land suitability in Kubu sub-district showed the land potential with high suitability is 1,009.46 ha; moderate suitability land level is 1,894.01 ha; for coastal areas that do not have potential or are not feasible for developing shrimp water ponds is 799.67 ha. The Kubu sub-district is a center of the shrimp water ponds development in Karangasem Regency, Bali. The existing condition of shrimp water ponds in Kubu sub-district are spread over 3 villages: Sukadana with 20.36 ha; Tianyar in 1,32 ha and West Tianyar with 0.47 ha in area. Through the analysis of internal and external factors of shrimp pond development activities in Kubu Subdistrict, showed that the coastal area of Kubu Subdistrict is very feasible to develop Vannamei shrimp
QUALITY OF MALALUGIS SALTED FISH: A TRADITIONAL PRODUCT FROM BEBALANG, SANGIHE ISLANDS
Get PDFBebalang Village is located in South Manganitu District, Sangihe Islands Regency, North Sulawesi. Bebalang Village is surrounded by the sea, so there are many coral reefs as a place for fish to live. Bebalang Village has huge fisheries potential, especially for pelagic fish such as flying fish (Decapterus sp.) with the local name malalugis. Generally, fishermen in Bebalang Village process malalugis fish into salted fish. However, salted fish processing in Bebalang Village still needs to be improved due to a lack of infrastructure, technology, and inadequate knowledge. In addition, sanitation and hygiene during processing could be more optimal, affecting the quality and safety of processed products. This study aims to evaluate the quality of salted fish produced by fishermen in Bebalang Village. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. Salted fish test parameters are proximate, salt level, total bacteria and total fungi. Based on the test results of Kampung Bebalang salted fish, the moisture content ranged from 37.31-41.23%; protein ranged from 46.82-50.13%; salt level ranged from 10.66-15.58%; ash content from 12.25-13.58%; total bacteria between 2.6-4.8×103 CFU/gram; and total fungi which ranged from 5.2-9.5×102 CFU/gram
Analisis Pengaruh Kecepatan Putaran Mesin Induk Terhadap Temperatur Air Pendingin Dalam Mendukung Kinerja Pada Kapal Arkona
Get PDFDalam mendukung pelayanan pelayaran di Nusa Tenggara Timur khususnya untuk penyeberangan Adonara dan Larantuka, Kapal Arkona harus didukung dengan mesin induk dengan sistem pendingin yang baik. Peranan sistem pendingin mesin induk ini sangat penting. Kinerja dari sistem pendingin ini dapat dilihat dari proses mensirkulasikan panas dari mesin ke media pendingin dengan temperatur yang sesuai. Metode deskriptif analitik dipergunakan dalam mendukung kegiatan penelitian ini, didukung dengan observasi, wawancara, Uji Distribusi Frekuensi, dan Uji Friedman. Hasil menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kecepatan putaran mesin induk dan temperatur air pendingin pada Kapal Arkona. Semakin besar putaran mesin induk, maka semakin naik suhu air pendingin. Hasil Uji Friedman dengan melakukan enam kali pengukuran didapatkan juga hasil bahwa dari seluruh parameter tidak ditemukan hasil yang berbeda pada seluruh hasil pengukuran, dengan nilai p>0,05. Berdasarkan data ini dapat dinyatakan bahwa temperatur air pendingin pada masih berada pada batas normal. Untuk menjaga kinerja sistem pendingin pada Kapal Arkona dapat dilakukan perawatan dengan cara mengontrol air pendingin pada tangki, pemeriksaan sirkulasi air pendingin, menjaga pompa air laut dari karatan, membersihkan filter atau saringan dari kotoran-kotoran, dan menjaga pompa air tawar dari kotoran.In supporting shipping services in East Nusa Tenggara, especially for crossings between the Adorana and Larantuka Regions, the Arkona Ship must be supported by a main engine with a good cooling system. The role of the main engine cooling system is very important. The performance of this cooling system can be seen from the process of circulating heat from the engine to the cooling medium at the appropriate temperature. The analytical descriptive method was used to support this research activity, supported by observation, interviews, Frequency Distribution Test, and Friedman Test. The results show that there is a relationship between the main engine rotation speed and the cooling water temperature on the Arkona Ship. The greater the rotation of the main engine, the higher the temperature of the cooling water. The results of the Friedman test by carrying out six measurements also showed that all parameters found no different results in all measurement results, with a value of p> 0.05. Based on these data it can be stated that the cooling water temperature is still within normal limits. To maintain the performance of the cooling system on the Arkona Ship, maintenance can be carried out by controlling the cooling water in the tank, checking the cooling water circulation, keeping the sea water pump from rusting, cleaning the filter or filters from dirt, and keeping the fresh water pump from dirt