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Genetic diversity studies of cumin (Cuminun cyminum L.) genotypes in western plains of Rajasthan
Get PDFGenetic diversity was studied on fifty-four genotypes of cumin, Cuminum cyminum L. at “Agricultural Research Station, Mandor, Jodhpur” during rabi season 2017-18. The mean squares were found significantly different for all the characters under study, depicting the availability of variability among the study materials. The high magnitude of phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) for seed yield, primary branches per plant and number of umbels per plant depicted the presence of vast amount of variation for the character along with high heritability (68-97%) combined with higher genetic advances as percentage of means for seed yield. The highest intra-cluster distance was recorded in cluster VI (11.8) along with cluster VII (11.33) and cluster VIII (8.29) depicting large genetic variability among the genotypes of these three clusters. The highest inter-cluster distance was reported among cluster III and VIII (51.97) followed by cluster III and VII (40.07) and cluster IV and cluster VIII (34.77), suggesting wide range of diversity between genotypes of the clusters. Amongst the characters, seed yield contributed the highest towards genetic divergence (47.80%) followed by number of umbel per plant (25.65%), branches per plant (8.60%) and 1000 seed weight (6.64%)
Screening small cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) field gene bank accessions for phenotypic characters, yield potential and disease resistance
Get PDFEvaluation of 117 field gene bank accessions of small cardamom for phenotypic characters along with yield potential and disease resistance (rhizome rot and leaf blight) at ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research Regional Station, Appangala revealed significant variation with respect to phenotypic characters. The highest plant height (350 cm) and number of bearing tillers (36.4) were recorded in the accessions, field gene bank (FGB) 65 and FGB 16, respectively. The highest fresh weight of capsules (399.61 g) and maximum number of capsules (244.20) plant-1 were recorded in the accession, FGB 13. Further, based on screening for disease resistance, 35 and 15 accessions of cardamom were identified as resistant to leaf blight and highly resistant to rhizome rot, respectively. Based on the multivariate cluster analysis, 117 FGB accessions were classified into 5 clusters viz., clusters 1 and 2 encompassing equal number of accessions (44), cluster 3 with one accession (FGB 10), clusters 4 and 5 with 8 and 20 accessions, respectively
Giant juvenile ossifying fibroma from diagnosis to management: A rare case
Get PDFJuvenile aggressive ossifying fibroma is a rare, benign tumor of the maxillofacial region that is aggressive and recurrent leading to multiple surgeries causing maxillofacial defect and deformities. The management of patients with ossifying fibroma is controversial. The aim was to report a case of huge ossifying fibroma involving maxilla, zygoma, and orbit in a young female with a duration of 15 years. The patient was operated multiple times but the lesion recurred. Patient-specific implant was fabricated to replace the defect area which would be created after surgery but with meticulous intraoperative decision the high morbid surgery was changed to conservative surgery. No recurrence was seen after two year follow up. The patient aesthetic has also improved. In conclusion it can be said in huge benign ossifying fibroma morbid surgery should be avoided
Impact of paddy straw mulch on germination and growth of celery (Apium graveolens L.) seedlings and associated weeds in nursery
Get PDFA study was undertaken during three consecutive rabi seasons of 2014–15 to 2016–17 at the Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab) to determine the effect of paddy straw mulch load and retention time on the germination and growth of celery and associated weeds. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with nine treatments viz., paddy straw mulch @ 4 and 6 t ha-1 with retention time of 15, 20, 25 days after sowing (DAS), full time retention (60 DAS), and control (without mulch). The results indicated that application of paddy straw mulch @ 4 or 6 t ha-1 significantly improved the germination of celery in nursery as compared to no mulch treatment but retention of paddy straw mulch beyond 20 days after sowing suppressed the celery seedlings adversely resulting in lowering seedling population as well as fresh and dry weight of celery seedlings. Application of paddy straw mulch @ 4 or 6 t ha-1 resulted in significantly lower density and dry weight of weeds as compared to control. Further, each successive increase in retention time of paddy straw mulch from 15 DAS to full time retention (60 DAS) through 20 and 25 DAS significantly reduced the weed population in celery nursery
Redescription of Lepismatophila cruszi Kundu and Haldar, 1984 (Apicomplexa : Sporozoea) from Chondracis rosea (Order: Orthoptera)
Get PDFThis study describes external characteristics and life history of a species of cephaline gregarine (Apicomplexa: Sporozoea) of the genus Lepismatophila [1], from Chondracis rosea (Order: Orthoptera)of Manipur, India. Diagnosis characteristic of the species the epimerite a simple symmetrical knob, Protomerite present throughout trophozoite stage, Solitary nature of Sporadins, Cyst without ducts dehiscence by simple rupture and Spores in uncoiling chains, ellipsoidal, boat shaped, without any filamentous process are discussed. And the morphological details of the different stages supported with photomicrographs are also provided
Molecular docking study of the phytol and its derivatives against COX-2 induced inflammation: A combined density functional study
No full textThis study aimed to determine the activity of PYT and its derivatives against COX-2, including 5IKR protein induced inflammation by using the computational tools. PYT and its derivatives have been designed by utilizing density functional theory (DFT) and the performance of the drugs was also evaluated by molecular docking study. Results suggest that the NH2 derivative of PYT (D-NH2) showed binding energy -6.4 (Kcal/mol) with protein 5IKR of COX-2 compared to the main drug (D) that showed binding energy -5.1 (Kcal/mol) with the same protein. HOMO and LUMO energy values were also calculated to determine the chemical reactivity of all the modified drugs. Non-covalent interactions of PYT and its derivatives were essential in improving the performance. In conclusion, D-NH2 showed better preference in inhibiting to the protein 5IKR of COX-2 compared to other modified drugs and it can be claimed that D-NH2 will be the best conformer for COX-2 induced inflammation
Prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors among Bhutanese Monks in Thimphu, Bhutan: A cross-sectional study
Get PDFHypertension is a major health problem and it accounts for more than 9.4 million people to die every year globally due to its high complications. It is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and high research importance has been given due to its high prevalence. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and to assess its risk factors among monks populations in Thimphu. A cross-sectional study with purposive sampling method was conducted among the five different monasteries in Thimphu. A self administered questionnaire was structured for 307 monks from age 18 and above. The prevalence rate of hypertension in the present study was 32.6% among Bhutanese monks. Hypertension is significantly higher in elder age groups which conclude that hypertension increase with the increase of age and have a strong association. Alcohol use, betel consumption, and physical inactivity were found to be significant risk factors for developing hypertension. With the 32.6% prevalence rate, only 26% of them are receiving medications. There is an impending need for effective intervention strategies
Scavenging and metal chelating potential of Carthamus tinctorius L. extracts
Get PDFCarthamus tinctorius leaves were extracted with methanol and distilled water. The extracts were evaluated for their potential free radical scavenging capacity using four different in vitro methods (DPPH, metal chelation, radical removal and hydrogen peroxide scavenging methods). The total phenolic content obtained for aqueous (112. 2±1.708 GAE mg/g) and for methanolic extract (89.66±2.00 GAE mg/g). In DPPH, IC50 values was found to be 176.66±2.08 and 278.33±1.52 and 310.33±1.52 for the ascorbic acid, aqueous and methanolic extract respectively. In superoxide radical scavenging IC50 values are 381.27±1.43, 544.42±2 and 606.78±3.02 µg/ml for the ascorbic acid, aqueous and methanolic extract respectively. In the metal chelating activity, IC50 values are 385.94±3.00, 337±1 and 487±0.984 µg/ml for the EDTA, aqueous extract and methanolic extract respectively. In hydrogen peroxide scavenging, IC50 values were 261±1, 278±3.52 and 370±1 µg/ml for the ascorbic acid, aqueous extract and methanolic leaf extract of Carthamus tinctorius respectively. The correlation suggests that phenolic compounds are responsible for the antioxidant activities of leaves
Stress breeding of neglected tetraploid primitive wheat (Triticum dicoccum, Triticum carthlicum and Triticum polonicum)
Get PDFAncient wheats are progressively more considered as valuable resources for genes of interest especially in organic and health food markets which could be introduced into cultivated varieties. Better evaluation of primitive wheats that symbolize a valuable genetic resource may provide breeders with important sources for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccum) is one of the most ancient of cultivated cereals, makes good bread, higher in fiber than common wheat, emmer is used is for making pasta and bread, with no need at all to use pesticides during growing season, grow in severe environments and minor lands, resistance to Septroria leaf blotch and resistance to Russian wheat aphid and Green bug. Persian wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. carthlicum) described with many favorable characters, like being a good resistant species to stem rust and powdery mildew, plants have more tillers with good productivity, low temperature tolerant and pre-harvest budding and fairly resistant to fungus diseases. Polish wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. polonicum) were used for bread making as many forms having grains with high protein content (27%), and it is a great source for high yielding wheat varieties characterized by plump grain, and could be used in genetic bio-fortification of durum wheat and common wheat. Lack of scientific researches and facilities to produce and marketing, in addition to concentrating on new varieties are considered as limitation factors of expanding these species. For better adaptation to climate change and for future food security, it is highly recommended to improve utilization and sustainable use of targeted species and cooperation between scientists and researcher on the national and international levels. This review is an attempt to highlight the value of targeted species with general information about classification, origin and distribution, importance domestication, characterization and conservation, traditional breeding and role of each of molecular biology, tissue culture and mutation in exploiting genetic variation in targeted species
Comparative study of antimicrobial efficiency of biosurfactant producing Pseudomonas spp. from different soil samples
Get PDFAmphiphilic biosurfactants are surface-active biological molecules secreted by hydrocarbanoclastic microorganisms. Biosurfactants are eco-friendly, less toxic, biodegradable, and low-cost material, so it has more advantages over chemical surfactants. In this research, Pseudomonas spp., biosurfactant producing microorganisms isolated from different sources of soil samples. IS1, IS2, IS3, IS4 isolates obtained from Garden soil sample; Metal contaminated soil sample; Petroleum contaminated soil sample; Oil contaminated soil sample; respectively. Each isolates identified as Pseudomonas spp. Furthermore, screened for biosurfactant producers. Each isolate showed positive results for the hemolysis test, drop collapse test, oil displacement test, and emulsification test. All isolate incubated in mineral salt medium for biosurfactant production. Biosurfactant extracted from IS1, IS2, IS3, IS4 showed 35%, 65%, 20%, 52% emulsification index respectively. Antimicrobial activity of extracted biosurfactants against pathogenic microorganisms checked by agar cup method. IS2 isolate shows the highest antimicrobial activity among all. All isolate showed a higher zone of inhibition against gram-positive microorganisms than gram-negative microbes. The purpose of this study involves the assessment of the antimicrobial activity of biosurfactant producers from the soil environment