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ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY (PHYSICO-CHEMICAL) OF KANEKAL TANK, ANANTAPURAMU DIST., AP, INDIA.
No full textAbstract: Different Physico-chemical parameters of Kanekal tank water, Kanekal were estimated from October 2012 to September 2014 to assess its quality. The different parameters like Temperature, pH, TDS, conductivity, salinity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, alkalinity, free carbon dioxide, chloride, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, phosphates, sulphates, silicates, nitrites, nitrates, BOD and COD were carried out by standard methods. These parameters showed either positive or negative correlation between each other. The analysis revels these parameters are interrelated with each other. From the data it can be said that water of this tank is partially contaminated with human faeces, domestic sewage etc. Hence it is not good quality for culture of fish as well as drinking for animals.Keywords –Kanekal Tank, water quality, Physico-chemical parameters, BOD, CO
ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEMS in COASTAL areas OF THE ANDAMAN ISLANDS
Full text linkCoastal ecosystems are well known for their higher primary and secondary productivity and support of diverse floral and faunal communities. Especially coral reef and seagrasses create, as well as occupy, important niches in shallow water environments. Physico- chemical characteristics of the critical habitats (Mangrove, seagrass, dead coral bed and sandy beach) of Andaman islands were studied. Physico-chemical parameters recorded in 18 stations showed distinct variations among different ecosystems, especially chemical parameters showed notable variations in all these ecosystems. Sediment characters showed significant variations: pH of the sediments varied between 8.1 and 8.6 in all the sampling locations and the electrical conductivity of the sediments varied between 2.1 and 4.1dSm-1. Sediment nutrients varied widely: nitrogen (22-52 kg/acre), phosphorus (10-15 kg/acre) and potassium (55-73 kg/acre). Though the physico-chemical parameters showed distinct variations among different ecosystems, they are within the optimum range reported for the specific ecosystems prevailing in the area. In general, the nutrient level of water in the seagrass and mangroves was low when compared similar ecosystems of the mainland. It is important to note that, though the ambient water quality of these ecosystems is at the optimum level reported for the respective ecosystems, proper attention should be paid to maintain the subtle nature of the ecosystems of the islands, under the post-tsunamic geomorphological variations, increasing national and international tourism activity and the changing climatic conditions
STUDY OF YEAST QUALITY ENHANCEMENT BY FORAGE DEPROTEINISED JUICE (DPJ) FERMENTATION
Full text linkProcess of green crop fractionation (GCF) was considered and its byproducts were tested for evaluation. The byproducts obtained were pulp, LPC (Leaf protein concentrate), Juice, Deproteinised juice and pressed crop (PC). The dry weight of LPC from each crop was measured. Maize forage LPC was more as compared with other forages. Deproteinised Juice (DPJ) is utilised as a medium for the fermentation of yeast. This yeast growth was compared with the yeast grown on Hansens broth media as control. Various concentration ratios of DPJ and Hansens media were prepared and yeast was fermented. Yeast mycelia grown on DPJ was found higher as compared with other concentrations. The culture filtrates of yeast mycelia collected and used to study the enzyme invertase by immobilisation method and the presence of alcohol was by iodoform test. Almost all the samples of various concentrations showed the presence of alcohol by proper secretion of enzyme zymase. Enzyme invertase appropriately found less in the culture filtrate of yeast mycelia grown on DPJ alone. Therefore DPJ is responsible for less breakdown of sucrose as compared with Hansens media which breaks down more sucrose into glucose and fructose by the enzyme invertase
STUDIES ON BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF CARICA PAPAYA LEAF ON ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC ALBINO RATS
Full text linkStudies on biochemical effects of aqueous extract of Carica papaya leaf on alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats were undertaken. One hundred albino rats of Wistar strain were obtained and divided into five groups of twenty rats each and properly treated with the aqueous extract after four out of the five groups were induced with diabetes. The diabetic induced groups were diabetic control, test groups I (treated with 200 mg/kg) and II (treated with 50 mg/kg), and reference (treated with the standard glibenclamide). The diabetic free group was designated as normal control. Results obtained revealed that oral administration of aqueous extract of C. papaya leaf on alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats significantly reversed the damage associated with alloxan-induced diabetes revealing its hypoglycemic, liver and renal function integrity effects. The presence of phytochemicals and phytonutrients found in C. papaya could explain the observed pharmacological property of the studied extract. This study has revealed the biochemical effects of aqueous extract of C. papaya leaf on alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats
BIOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF WITHANIA SOMNIFERA UNDER THE INDOLE-3-BUTYRIC ACID AND TRIAZOLE SOIL DRENCHING TECHNIQUES
Full text linkThe present study aimed at understanding the effect of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and triazole compounds viz., triadimefon (TDM) and propiconazole (PCZ) on the biochemicals of ashwagandha. Treatments were given on 50, 90 and 130 days after sowing (DAS). Biochemical constituents such as proline, glycine betaine and total alkaloids content were determined. It was observed that proline, glycine betaine and alkaloids content were enhanced by TDM and PCZ than followed by IBA treatment when compared to control for respective growth stages. Among the treatments, triazole compounds caused pronounced effect to the biochemical accumulation in higher level when compared to IBA treatment. These results suggest that, triazole active compounds act as a growth regulator also influence hormonal balance and great significance, which is helpful to satisfy the needs of enhance the biochemical contents in Ashwagandha
Estimation of morphological and molecular genetic diversity in blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] under YMV hotspot regime
Full text linkA phenotypic and molecular diversity study was conducted using seven traits and 19 SSR markers in a collection of 26 black gram genotypes. Phenotypic characterization was based on seven yield and yield related variable. The field experiment was laid out at Panboli village (YMV hotspot) of Tirunelveli District in Tamilnadu during summer 2017. Genetic divergence was estimated on the basis of D2 values and 26 genotypes under study were grouped into six clusters by Tocher’s method. Seed yield per plant followed by Plant height and number of pods per plant contributed to the genetic divergence. The genetic distance announced using DICE dissimilarity co-efficient indicated highest divergence of 1.0 between VBN 8 and AUBG 17 and between VBN 8 and AUBG 19. The dendogram constructed using the DICE dissimilarity co-efficient between genotypes showed four apparent clusters based on marker allele distribution. Divergence was noted between the dissimilarity matrices based on the molecular and phenotypic diversity based on agronomic data. 
EFFECT OF CHICORY LEAF EXTRACT SEED HARDENING CUM FOLIAR SPRAY TO IMPROVE RESULTANT SEED QULAITY IN SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.) cv. TMV 3 UNDER RAINFED CONDITION.
Full text linkAn evaluation was carried out to study the effect pre sowing seed treatment and foliar spay with chicory leaf extract on resultant seed quality characters of sesame cv TMV 3. The bulk seeds were graded for uniformity using appropriate round perforated metal sieves of sizes of 5/64" size sieve and were imposed various concentration of chicory leaf extract presowing treatment coupled with foliar spray at different concentration under drought condition. After harvest the resultant seeds were evaluated for its seed qualities. The results revealed that the that the Chicory @ 20 % Pre sowing seed treatment + Chicory foliar spray @ 30 % during pod filling stage significantly increased the resultant seed quality characters of the sesame, when compared to other concentration and control
HETEROSIS FOR YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTED TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
Full text linkRice is the foremost food crop among cereals and it is staple food crop providing high calories for the people of South East Asia. The Objectives of the study was the extent of heterosis components of grain yield in F1 hybrids. The Materials for this study considered of parents and thirty F1 hybrids derived from crossing of three cross lines viz., IR58025A, IR62829A and PUSA3A and ten testers. Pollen and spikelet fertility revealed the identification of ten testers. For heterosis studies majority of the crosses showed positive heterosis for the characters viz., productive tillers, filled grains per panicle, spikelet fertility, thousand grain weight, grain yield per plant, grain length, grain breadth, grain L/B ratio, kernel L/B ratio, milling recovery, head rice recovery, and amylose content. Negative heterosis were recorded for the characters namely days to first flowering, plant height, panicle length, kernel length, kernel breadth and alkali digestion value. Hybrids IR58025A ´ ASD19, IR62829A ´ ASD16, PUSA3A ´ IR42 were found to record high per se performance, higher percentage of standard heterosis for majority of the traits