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Observations on the herbivore diversity in a managed tea plantation and population dynamics of major insect pest in tea with regional weather
Get PDFGlobally, the pattern of incidence of insect pest complex has been changing in all agroecosystem due to climate change and variability. It is essential to know the incidence pattern of insect pest complex in tea for adopting successful management practice. An investigation was carried out to know the present incidence pest scenario of tea at Assam during March 2019 to Feb 2020. The results show the presence of four mite species belonging to single order and 4 families, and a total of 33 insect species belonging to 7 orders and 27 families. Among them red spider mite, tea mosquito bug, whitefly, leafhopper complex and thrips were recorded as important sucking pests. Leaf roller, tea tortrix, and flush worm were recorded as significant chewing pests. Observation shows that the tea whitefly, leaf hopper, thrips, leaf roller and flush worm has become a serious threat to the tea cultivation. The population dynamics of red spider mite and tea mosquito bug recorded a maximum incidence of 30.27 mites/ leaf and 27.17 infested flush/ bush respectively, during the month of November. Both insects were negatively regulated by maximum temperature and rainfall however relative humidity positively influenced population dynamics, as revealed by the correlation coefficient. This study paves way for the development of a new plant protection module to manage the emerging insect pests in tea plantation
Biological indicators to check water quality in plastic-heavy water bodies
Get PDFWater quality is a canonical group of physical, chemical, and biological properties of the given water. The environment and its compartments have been severely polluted by heavy metals and plastic waste. This has compromised the ability of the environment to foster life and render its intrinsic values. Human population increase and consistent demand for heavy metals and plastic products are responsible for the continuous increase in the production of plastic and heavy waste and its accompanied environmental pollution. Biological indicators help in indicating and monitoring the health of the environment. Here, an overview of recent achievements in checking water quality and water pollution trends has been summarized. Papers that reported environmental and public health effects related to plastic-heavy pollutants have also been reviewed. The research for this article intends to further facilitate the R&D initiatives of Jozbiz Technologies Pvt. Ltd
Corrigendum to “Augmented reality marker-based technology for augmenting newspaper advertisement"
No full textRecent Research in Science and Technology, 2021, 13, 13–18. https://doi.org/10.25081/rrst.2021.13.7005One of the authors’ (Md. Imdadul Hoque3) affiliations was mentioned incorrectly. It should be read as follows:
3Department of Computer Science and Telecommunication Engineering, Noakhali Science andTechnology University, Noakhali – 3814, Banglades
A confirmatory death case of human rabies in Bangladesh
Get PDFIn the present study clinical profile with specific attention to typical clinical presentation and deficiencies/lacunae in post-exposure prophylactic management as per WHO guidelines in adult rabies patients. An observational analysis was performed on a clinically suspected human rabies case, whose samples were gathered at a rabies diagnostic laboratory at Infectious Disease Hospital, Dhaka (IDH) over the course of three days (20/09/2021 to 23/09/2021). The patient’s clinical and demographic information was acquired. The clinical specimens involved cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), saliva, nuchal skin biopsy and serum collected antemortem, and brain tissue obtained post-mortem. A variety of laboratory tests were used to make the diagnosis. The patient died in hospital 3 days after hospitalization (20 days after the occurrence of animal bite). After referring the patient to the IDH, a lumbar puncture was administered, and PCR tests for rabies were forwarded to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum. The serum & CSF have indicated antibodies with rabies. The fluorescence microscopy screening program for rabies was positive in the brainstem, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and cerebrum. The patient’s samples of saliva (0.5-1 mL) and skin were also sent to PCR for rabies. Diagnostic testing of the patient later confirmed human rabies. Human rabies is a crucial health problem. So, there are required to educate the community and health workers about the value of immediate and adequate post-exposure treatment, to launch an effective control program for rabid dogs, and to make availability of rabies vaccine as well as rabies immunoglobulin (RIG)
Impact of removal of rubber plantations for urbanization on CO2 mitigating capacity by the loss of carbon sink in Kerala state, India
Get PDFMitigating climate change and global warming through carbon sequestration by tree ecosystems is of prime importance since they are cost-effective, environmentally friendly and ecologically sustainable. Urbanization is a part of development, and rubber plantations are usually removed for this purpose, especially in Kerala, the southern state of India. Besides latex, the economic produce, and the associated income, the rubber tree is a fairly good sink for carbon in its biomass, with an average carbon content of 42 per cent and substantial carbon stock in the soil. In the present study, an account of total carbon loss by the removal of rubber plantation for urbanization and developmental activities are given. The present popular clone (RRII 105) existing in major share (85%) of the total rubber cultivation in India accounts for carbon sink loss 57 t ha-1, 57.5 t ha-1, 43.2 t ha-1 for 23 years and 148 t ha-1, 75 t ha-1 and 62.1 t ha-1 for 30 years from biomass, litterfall and sheet rubber respectively. The recent clones RRII 414, RRII 429 and RRII 417 have higher growth rates and higher biomass (44-50 per cent) carbon sink loss compared to the existing popular clone RRII 105. The carbon sink loss in the form of stored carbon in soil is 56.5, with a soil carbon content between 1.2 to 2 per cent. Due to the growth variation in diverse environments with extreme climatic conditions, the clones recorded differences in carbon stock and carbon sink loss. The central region of Kerala showed a higher loss, and a lower loss was in the drought-affected northern region than the southern region. The total carbon sink losses for 23 and 30 years were 214.2 and 341.5 t ha-1, respectively. This study points out that the serious carbon sink loss due to the removal of rubber plantations results in disturbing the self-sustained, carbon-friendly and economically sound perennial rubber ecosystem. Vegetation having higher C-sequestration potential and trees with higher lignin content is essential to increase carbon capture for mitigating the impact of the removal of plantations. From the present study, it is clear that the removal of rubber plantations is affecting the carbon sink loss, thereby the CO2 mitigating capacity, and is a serious matter of concern
Performance evaluation of improved mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) varieties at low moisture areas East Shewa, Oromia, Ethiopia
Get PDFMung bean is a useful crop in drier areas and has a good potential for crop rotation and relay cropping with cereals using residual moisture. The experiment was conducted at Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center (ATARC), Lume and Dugda during 2018 and 2019 with the objective to identify adaptable and high yielder mung bean varieties for East Shewa Zone and similar agro ecologies. Four released mung bean varieties Shewa robit, Beroda, N-26 and Arkebe used as planting material. The experiment was laid down in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The plot size was 1.8m × 2.5 m (4.5 m2) having 6 rows and a spacing of 0.30 m between rows and 50 cm between replication, 1 m between blocks. Data’s like height (cm), number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, days to days to flowering, days to maturity, grain yield (kg ha-1), 100 seed weight (g) were collected and analyzed using SAS software. The combined analysis of variance showed that there was significant variation at (P≤0.05 and P≤0.01) among the studied varieties, locations, and year main effect. There were also significant interaction effect on location by year, varieties by year and location by varieties by year for grain yield and other yield components. But non-significant on varieties by location for all traits except plant height and indicated those varieties were performed similarly across the locations. Shewa Robit variety had a higher grain yield (1607.4 kg ha-1) followed by N-26 (1542 kg ha-1) and Beroda (1466.1 kg ha-1). While Arkebe Variety had a lower grain yield (893.4 kg ha-1) as compared with other varieties. Therefore Shewa Robit and N-26 were recommended for the study area and similar agro-ecologies
Soil physicochemical properties in respect to plant health in Ganodermainfested oil palm plantation
Get PDFBasal stem rot caused by Ganoderma boninense is a major disease of oil palm in Indonesia. Environmental factors associated with disease can be used as the basis for developing disease control. This study aims to describe the physical and chemical properties of oil palm plantations land mineral soil land that is infested with basal stem rot. Soil composite samples were randomly collected from diseased and healthy palm circle from an oil palm plantation in Mesuji, South Sumatra. The results showed that the texture and nutrient status of diseased and healthy plants were not significantly different, namely they had the same low analytical values in terms of the content of N, C-organic, CEC, Mg, Ca, Na, and K2O. The ratios of C/N, exchangeable K and exchangeable acidity in healthy and diseased soils were both moderate to high. The content of available P and total P was very high (43−134 ppm) and was found to be higher in the soil of diseased plants than in healthy plants. These results indicated that high availability of P nutrients may favor G. boninense infection in oil palm plantation
Sociodemographic characterization of Cassava farmers in Cameroon
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to profile Cameroonian cassava farmers in the Adamawa, Centre, East and South regions of Cameroon. Four (04) quantitative and ten (10) qualitative variables were analyzed using correlation analysis and Chi-square-based association testing (alpha=0.05) respectively. The results suggest that cassava farming is practiced more by women than by men. Also, the average age of cassava farmers across regions is 42.2 years. Some of Cameroon’s cassava farmers own farmland, and few have fields that are specifically devoted to Cassava cultivation due to the practice of mixed cropping and crop rotation. Moreover, the majority of Cameroonian cassava farmers consume the cassava they grow and process, and most of them are well-educated, being able to read and write, with 51% of women involved. Smartphone use is very widespread among Cassava farmers in the Centre and South regions, where the proportions between the two sexes are 26.1% (men) versus 30.3% (women), and 30.9% (men) versus 29.4% (women) respectively. The same applies to internet access. Farmers in Adamawa and the East have little access to the internet. Furthermore, very few cassava farmers belong to farmers’ organizations, and they use the income from selling the cassava they produce and process to ensure their household’s food and health security, and to send their children to school. Finally, participation in community activities is not widespread in Adamawa and the South and over the last five years, very few cassava farmers have acquired assets from the sale of cassava
Screening of black pepper varieties against anthracnose under nursery conditions: Screening black pepper against anthracnose
No full textPathogen causing anthracnose of black pepper was isolated from symptomatic leaf sample and was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on the basis of morphological, cultural and molecular characterization. Later, pot culture experiment was conducted in greenhouse (year 2020-21) to determine resistance/susceptibility of seven different black pepper varieties viz., Arakkulamunda, Doddigya, Karimunda, Malligesara, Panniyur-1, Poonjarmunda and Uddagare, against anthracnose in nursery condition. It was observed that no variety was resistant but Karimunda variety was found to be highly tolerant against the disease. Whereas, Poonjarmunda and Panniyur-1 were classified as susceptible and highly susceptible, respectively
Quality variation of turmeric during polishing in a power operated turmeric polisher: Quality variation of turmeric during polishing
No full textPolishing of turmeric is an important post harvest operation done after drying to improve the surface colour and to obtain a smooth surface finish. Turmeric (variety IISR Prathiba) was cleaned and cured for 1 h in a steam operated turmeric boiler and one batch was dried in a solar tunnel drier of size 9 m × 4 m × 2.6 m and the other batch was sun dried on cemented concrete floor until constant weight was obtained. The turmeric obtained by both the methods were subjected to polishing in a power operated turmeric polisher to obtain clean and yellow coloured turmeric. Based on the physical appearance and surface finish, it was revealed that turmeric polished for 30 min was optimum to obtain turmeric rhizomes of marketable acceptance and the degree of polishing for solar tunnel dried turmeric was 5.45% and for sun dried turmeric it was 5.20%