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経済学部統一テストの分析 ――3 年間の軌跡から見えてくるもの ―
Get PDFThe economics faculty at Momoyama Gakuin University has been administering a
common economics test every January since the fiscal year 2019. The examinees are all
faculty students in their third or fourth year, and the test aims to assess how well they
understand economics. The scores of this test do not count toward regular course credit,
and the percentage of students who take it has always been around 50%.
After analyzing its results in conjunction with students’ official academic records（regular
course grades）, we obtained the following two propositions.
（1）Almost no correlation exists between the scores in any pair of subjects in the 2019
and 2020 common tests, which cover 12 subjects, For example, there is no tendency for
students who perform well in“Mathematics” to perform well in“Microeconomics,” or for
students who perform well in“Macroeconomics” to perform well in“Japanese Economy”
or“Economic Policy”. This appears to indicate a lack of coordination among related
subject groups in our faculty’s curriculum, or a lack of coordination from the basic to the
applied level.
（2）The questions on the 2021 common test are limited to three required/compulsory
subjects（“Microeconomics,”“Macroeconomics,” and“Marxian Economics”）. Using linear
regressions of the“forgetting curve”, we discovered that the time elapsed since the
student earned credits for required subjects significantly negatively affected common test
scores. This could imply that students forget the content of required subjects they once
learned as time passes. Students may forget because they do not have the opportunity
to recall the content of the required subjects after taking them. That is, the content of
required subjects is not applied in other upper-level courses.
The results of this common test have no bearing on the official regular course grades,
which may have weakened the students’ motivation. However, we believe our findings
are far from trivial, and such analysis is, as far as we know, uncommon. Furthermore,
we suspect that such problems can be found not only in our faculty, but also, to
varying degrees, in economics departments of many other Japanese universities where
mathematics is impeding students’ learning, and some contrasting economic ideas of the
Austrian school, Monetarism, Keynesian economics, and Marxian economics are mixed.
In any case, our analysis may be insufficient, and a more comprehensive analysis will be
required. In future studies, we would like to analyze the data in conjunction with the data
on entrance examinations, the data of the success or failure of job-hunting activities, and
the results of our new student survey（E-folio）.departmental bulletin pape
An Analysis of Online Reviews Regarding Eigo Mura（English Villages）Using Text Data Mining Techniques
Get PDFThis study overviews how and in what terms people talk about their
experiences at a new type of English language educational institution
in Japan, eigo mura （English village）. User-generated online reviews
about an English village were quantitatively analysed using text mining
techniques that employed KH Coder software. The reviews were
retrieved from the Google review page and comprised 804 comments
consisting of 27,487 characters （excluding spaces）. I analysed highfrequency words and co-occurrence networks, which showed the
relationship between a specific word and others used in the data, and
performed a hierarchical cluster analysis that identified the combinations
or groups of words with similar appearance patterns, following
Higuchi’s （2016） methodology. Although the English village functions
as an English language educational institution and a resort hotel, the
results showed that people strongly perceive it as an English education
institution. Additionally, they believe in the efficacy of being immersed in
British culture and situations that require the use of English in order to
learn the language.
This study is part of a larger multifaceted ethnographic research in
the context of the English village to explore the ideological nature of the
English language, including how it is learnt or taught, in contemporary
Japanese society. Text mining can be applied for exploratory research
and this study is part of a triangulation in a qualitative exploratory
research, providing an overview on people’s perceptions of English villages, as a preliminary project for further research. The investigation
suggested additional topics that can be examined to gain a deeper
understanding of how the English language and the learning/teaching
of it are perceived, as well as the reasons behind people’s negative
feelings about their own English language skills. Then, these insights
can be extrapolated to the study of how other cultures, foreign
language education and （education of） intercultural communication are
represented and perceived. In the same manner, beliefs on language use
and language choice can be explored.departmental bulletin pape
The Natural Scientific Psychology of Theodor Waitz
Get PDFIn this paper, I aim to make it clear the “natural scientific psychology” of
Theodor Waitz (1821-1864). His psychological method is Baconian
induction, which sought to extract laws from experience. He did not use
experimentation to support his hypotheses like the scientific method of his
friend, Carl Ludwig (1816-1895). But Waitz learned from Ludwig the
importance of experience and knowledge of physiology as a basis of
psychology. Waitz divided emotions into those related to form of
representations and those related to their content. That division roughly
corresponds to the emotions in “Rational Psychology” part of Herbartʼs A
Textbook in Psychology (Lehrbuch der Psychologie) and the emotions in
its “Empirical Psychology” part, and does not resemble Drobischʼs.
Furthermore, in contrast to Drobisch, who categorized emotions in detail,
Waitz treats emotions less than feelings because there are many
physiological unknowns in mechanism of emotion arising. Waitzʼs argument
lacks the visual clarity that Herbart and Drobisch had.departmental bulletin pape
The Role of Agricultural Cooperatives in Supporting New Farmers : A Case Study of Osaka Nakakawachi Agricultural Cooperative Association and Matsumoto Highland Agricultural Cooperative Association
Get PDFCurrently, Japan is facing a chronic shortage of agricultural labor due to
the serious problem of young farmers leaving farming. Needless to say,
securing new farmers has a significant impact on the maintenance and
development of the agricultural sector.
Under these circumstances, securing new farmers is attracting attention
as one of the solutions to Japan’s agricultural successor problem. Support
policies for new farmers are considered to be a major key to increasing the
number of new farmers and improving the retention rate. The role of
agricultural cooperatives is thought to have a certain impact on securing a
certain number of new farmers and improving the retention rate.
In this paper, we use Matsumoto Highland Agricultural Cooperative in
Nagano Prefecture and Osaka Nakakawachi Agricultural Cooperative in
Osaka Prefecture as case studies to analyze the policies of each
agricultural cooperative with regard to support for new farmers and to
clarify the support system and challenges faced by agricultural
cooperatives in securing new farmers.departmental bulletin pape