Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan (Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Banjarmasin)
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The Relationship of Physical Quality of The House with The Comfort Level of Occupants Of The House In Dense Area
No full textSocially, housing is a fundamental necessity for every individual. As the population in Keraton Subdistrict, Martapura District, continues to grow, the layout and environmental conditions of settlements, characterized by closely arranged buildings, impact the comfort of residents. Habitable living spaces must fulfill health and comfort criteria, influenced by lighting, temperature, and humidity. This research aims to explore the relationship between these factors and residents' comfort levels in densely populated areas. Conducted as an analytical cross-sectional study, the research involved 96 households selected through purposive sampling. Data collection relied on a questionnaire assessing residents' comfort levels, with statistical analysis employing the Sommers’s correlation test. Findings revealed an average lighting intensity of 58.38 Lux, an average temperature of 28.3 °C, and an average humidity of 72% among respondents. Approximately 48 individuals (50%) reported being comfortable living in dense residential areas. Statistical analysis indicated a significant relationship between lighting and residents' comfort levels, while no significant correlation was found between temperature and comfort. However, humidity showed a notable association with residents' comfort. Recommendations for the public include enhancing indoor lighting, regulating temperature, and optimizing humidity levels through daily ventilation through window openings. This approach facilitates better airflow, thereby improving the overall comfort of household occupants. Further research could delve into additional factors influencing residents' comfort and explore alternative strategies to enhance living conditions in densely populated areas. Ultimately, this study underscores the importance of considering environmental factors in urban planning to ensure residents' well-being and comfort.Socially, housing is a fundamental necessity for every individual. As the population in Keraton Subdistrict, Martapura District, continues to grow, the layout and environmental conditions of settlements, characterized by closely arranged buildings, impact the comfort of residents. Habitable living spaces must fulfill health and comfort criteria, influenced by lighting, temperature, and humidity. This research aims to explore the relationship between these factors and residents' comfort levels in densely populated areas. Conducted as an analytical cross-sectional study, the research involved 96 households selected through purposive sampling. Data collection relied on a questionnaire assessing residents' comfort levels, with statistical analysis employing the Sommers’s correlation test. Findings revealed an average lighting intensity of 58.38 Lux, an average temperature of 28.3 °C, and an average humidity of 72% among respondents. Approximately 48 individuals (50%) reported being comfortable living in dense residential areas. Statistical analysis indicated a significant relationship between lighting and residents' comfort levels, while no significant correlation was found between temperature and comfort. However, humidity showed a notable association with residents' comfort. Recommendations for the public include enhancing indoor lighting, regulating temperature, and optimizing humidity levels through daily ventilation through window openings. This approach facilitates better airflow, thereby improving the overall comfort of household occupants. Further research could delve into additional factors influencing residents' comfort and explore alternative strategies to enhance living conditions in densely populated areas. Ultimately, this study underscores the importance of considering environmental factors in urban planning to ensure residents' well-being and comfort
Effectiveness Of Banana Nangka (Musa Paradisiaca Linn) Skin as A Natural Coagulant In Reducing Turbidity Of River Water
No full textJackfruit Banana peel is one type of plant that can be used to reduce the turbidity of river water. Jackfruit banana peel contains cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Cellulose's potential as an adsorbent is substantial. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of jackfruit banana peel variations in dose and contact time as a natural coagulant in reducing river water turbidity. This type of research is experimental, the research uses a pretest-posttest design with control group design, with 5 treatments with 3 treatments. Data analysis used the Two-Way Anova statistical test to determine the difference in each treatment to the resulting decrease in turbidity with = 0.05. The results of the analysis showed that the p value was 0.000 < = 0.05, which means that there was a difference in the decrease in dosage variation and contact time of jackfruit banana peel powder (Musa paradisiaca linn). Before processing river water banana and jackfruit peel powder, the average yield was 9.29 NTU. Optimum dose 1.2 grams and presentation of 71.48% decrease in turbidity. Further researchers can use jackfruit banana peels in overcoming the pH of the air after adding banana peel powder and there are further researchers to utilize banana peels in wastewater treatment.Jackfruit Banana peel is one type of plant that can be used to reduce the turbidity of river water. Jackfruit banana peel contains cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Cellulose's potential as an adsorbent is substantial. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of jackfruit banana peel variations in dose and contact time as a natural coagulant in reducing river water turbidity. This type of research is experimental, the research uses a pretest-posttest design with control group design, with 5 treatments with 3 treatments. Data analysis used the Two-Way Anova statistical test to determine the difference in each treatment to the resulting decrease in turbidity with = 0.05. The results of the analysis showed that the p value was 0.000 < = 0.05, which means that there was a difference in the decrease in dosage variation and contact time of jackfruit banana peel powder (Musa paradisiaca linn). Before processing river water banana and jackfruit peel powder, the average yield was 9.29 NTU. Optimum dose 1.2 grams and presentation of 71.48% decrease in turbidity. Further researchers can use jackfruit banana peels in overcoming the pH of the air after adding banana peel powder and there are further researchers to utilize banana peels in wastewater treatment
Noise Levels and Comfort Levels of Populations Living Around Mistar Cokrokusumo Bangkal District
No full textToday, many houses are located on the edge of highways, potentially exposing these homes to additional noise from the traffic flow. This study aims to determine the relationship between noise levels and the comfort levels of residential homes in the Bangkal sub-district. This observational study, which has a cross-sectional design, includes 12 sample points for noise measurement and 77 houses directly adjacent to the road for comfort level sampling. Noise levels were measured using a sound level meter, while traffic density was measured using a compass and counter. The relationship between the two variables was analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. Results showed that the volume of traffic flow ranged from 334 pcu/hour to 402 pcu/hour. The highest noise level was recorded at TS-7 (65.7 dBA) and the lowest at TS-9 (61.7 dBA). According to the South Kalimantan governor's regulation number 53 of 2007, all 12 sample points of noise measurement exceed the quality standard. The average correlation between noise level and comfort level indicated that 88% of households reported being less comfortable, 12% felt uncomfortable, and none felt comfortable. Houses can reduce road traffic noise by installing thick curtains on their windows and doors, planting trees and ornamental plants in pots, and constructing artificial walls.
Today, many houses are located on the edge of highways, potentially exposing these homes to additional noise from the traffic flow. This study aims to determine the relationship between noise levels and the comfort levels of residential homes in the Bangkal sub-district. This observational study, which has a cross-sectional design, includes 12 sample points for noise measurement and 77 houses directly adjacent to the road for comfort level sampling. Noise levels were measured using a sound level meter, while traffic density was measured using a compass and counter. The relationship between the two variables was analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. Results showed that the volume of traffic flow ranged from 334 pcu/hour to 402 pcu/hour. The highest noise level was recorded at TS-7 (65.7 dBA) and the lowest at TS-9 (61.7 dBA). According to the South Kalimantan governor's regulation number 53 of 2007, all 12 sample points of noise measurement exceed the quality standard. The average correlation between noise level and comfort level indicated that 88% of households reported being less comfortable, 12% felt uncomfortable, and none felt comfortable. Houses can reduce road traffic noise by installing thick curtains on their windows and doors, planting trees and ornamental plants in pots, and constructing artificial walls
Factors Related to Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Bontang Kuala Sub- district, North Bontang District
No full textDengue Hemorrhagic Fever is one of the leading public health problems in Indonesia. The number of DHF pain in Bontang Kuala Sub-district has increased over the past three years, namely 5 cases in 2019, 19 cases in 2020, and 33 cases in 2021. This study aims to determine several factors related to dengue disease in Bontang Kuala Sub-district, North Bontang District. This type of research used a cross-sectional study design. The population in this study was 1,791 households and a sample of 91 respondents. Samples were taken using the proportional random sampling method. The data analysis technique used a chi-square test with a degree of meaningfulness (p = 0.05). The results of this study showed that 68.1% of respondents had poor used goods management with (p = 0.000), 65.9% had good waste disposal facilities with (p = 0.164), 64.8% had a habit of hanging clothes less well with (p = 0.001) and 72.5% had a habit of using anti- mosquito lotion less well with (p = 0.002). This research advises people to make more frequent efforts to eradicate mosquito nests (PSN) coupled with avoiding the habit of hanging clothes and using mosquito-repellent lotions so that the transmission of DHF disease can be reduced.Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever is one of the leading public health problems in Indonesia. The number of DHF pain in Bontang Kuala Sub-district has increased over the past three years, namely 5 cases in 2019, 19 cases in 2020, and 33 cases in 2021. This study aims to determine several factors related to dengue disease in Bontang Kuala Sub-district, North Bontang District. This type of research used a cross-sectional study design. The population in this study was 1,791 households and a sample of 91 respondents. Samples were taken using the proportional random sampling method. The data analysis technique used a chi-square test with a degree of meaningfulness (p = 0.05). The results of this study showed that 68.1% of respondents had poor used goods management with (p = 0.000), 65.9% had good waste disposal facilities with (p = 0.164), 64.8% had a habit of hanging clothes less well with (p = 0.001) and 72.5% had a habit of using anti- mosquito lotion less well with (p = 0.002). This research advises people to make more frequent efforts to eradicate mosquito nests (PSN) coupled with avoiding the habit of hanging clothes and using mosquito-repellent lotions so that the transmission of DHF disease can be reduced
The Vector Entomology Index of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) was conducted in the Working Area of the Temindung Health Center: Study on the Guerilla Street
No full textDengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by the Dengue virus. The virus can be transmitted through Aedes sp. The Aedes mosquito's life cycle undergoes a complete metamorphosis, starting with the egg-larva-pupa-adult mosquito. Larval density can be a contributing factor to a high risk of dengue transmission in the community. This study aimed to determine the entomological index of dengue hemorrhagic fever vectors on Gerilya Street, Sungai Pinang Dalam Village, Samarinda City. The research design used an observational method with a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples is 100. The data were analyzed using the DHF larva population indicator approach, namely the House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), Breteau Index (BI), and Density Figure (DF). The rIt was found that the entomological index on Jalan Gerilya in Kelurahan Pinang Dalam Kota Samarinda had HI values of 50% (DF 7), CI values of 23.3% (DF 6), and BI values of 164% (DF 7). I, CI, and BI values are included in the high-risk transmission category. Immediate control efforts are needed to prevent an increase in dengue transmission.Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by the Dengue virus. The virus can be transmitted through Aedes sp. The Aedes mosquito's life cycle undergoes a complete metamorphosis, starting with the egg-larva-pupa-adult mosquito. Larval density can be a contributing factor to a high risk of dengue transmission in the community. This study aimed to determine the entomological index of dengue hemorrhagic fever vectors on Gerilya Street, Sungai Pinang Dalam Village, Samarinda City. The research design used an observational method with a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples is 100. The data were analyzed using the DHF larva population indicator approach, namely the House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), Breteau Index (BI), and Density Figure (DF). The rIt was found that the entomological index on Jalan Gerilya in Kelurahan Pinang Dalam Kota Samarinda had HI values of 50% (DF 7), CI values of 23.3% (DF 6), and BI values of 164% (DF 7). I, CI, and BI values are included in the high-risk transmission category. Immediate control efforts are needed to prevent an increase in dengue transmission
The Attractive Ability Of Types Of Attractants Against Aedes sp. Mosquito Eggs Using Ovitrap
No full textAn attractant is a substance that attracts insects (mosquitoes) either chemically or visually. To prevent the spread of dengue, various methods have been employed, one of which is using ovitraps containing attractants. This study aimed to determine the number of Aedes sp. mosquito eggs based on different attractants. The research was experimental with a one-shot case study design, comparing various attractants and their effectiveness in attracting Aedes sp. mosquito eggs. The findings showed that the type of attractant significantly affected the presence of mosquito eggs, with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05), allowing further analysis using a post hoc test. The post hoc test revealed significant differences between no attractant and shrimp paste water immersion, no attractant and shrimp head immersion, and no attractant and a brown sugar and yeast mixture. Significant differences were also found between shrimp paste soaked water and brown sugar and yeast mixtures and between shrimp head attractants and brown sugar and yeast mixtures. Shrimp head immersion attractant had a p-value of 0.199 (>0.05), indicating no significant difference compared to other attractants. Among the various attractants tested, shrimp paste soaking water and shrimp head soaking water were the most effective. It is recommended that communities use ovitraps with shrimp paste soaking solution to reduce the Aedes sp. mosquito population around homes, as these materials are relatively easy to obtain and ovitraps can be made using repurposed plastic cups
Potential for Eco-efficiency of Water Resources in The School Environment
No full textWater is a natural resource that humans and other living things need. Along with population growth, water consumption in Indonesia has increased. That is inversely proportional to water availability, which is decreasing. To overcome these problems, the concept used in this study is eco-efficiency. Eco-efficiency is a concept that seeks to increase economic and environmental efficiency when carrying out activities. This study aims to analyze the opportunities for enhancing the eco-efficiency of water resources in the school environment, specifically at SMA N 1 in Ambarawa. This type of research is known as descriptive research. The SWOT analysis method is used for data analysis. SMA N 1 Ambarawa's average total water consumption is in the wasteful category, at 20,898 liters daily. The potential for implementing eco-efficiency in SMA N 1 Ambarawa regarding water consumption is high. The volume of water consumed in SMA N 1 Ambarawa is efficient, at 7,326 liters daily. However, there are significant leaks of technical and non-technical water, amounting to 13,572 liters. Several efforts can be implemented through no-cost, middle-cost, and high-cost recommendations to increase the eco-efficiency potential in water at SMA N 1 Ambarawa.Water is a natural resource that humans and other living things need. Along with population growth, water consumption in Indonesia has increased. That is inversely proportional to water availability, which is decreasing. To overcome these problems, the concept used in this study is eco-efficiency. Eco-efficiency is a concept that seeks to increase economic and environmental efficiency when carrying out activities. This study aims to analyze the opportunities for enhancing the eco-efficiency of water resources in the school environment, specifically at SMA N 1 in Ambarawa. This type of research is known as descriptive research. The SWOT analysis method is used for data analysis. SMA N 1 Ambarawa's average total water consumption is in the wasteful category, at 20,898 liters daily. The potential for implementing eco-efficiency in SMA N 1 Ambarawa regarding water consumption is high. The volume of water consumed in SMA N 1 Ambarawa is efficient, at 7,326 liters daily. However, there are significant leaks of technical and non-technical water, amounting to 13,572 liters. Several efforts can be implemented through no-cost, middle-cost, and high-cost recommendations to increase the eco-efficiency potential in water at SMA N 1 Ambarawa
Management of Hospital Waste in Maintaining the Environment
No full textSeveral areas in Indonesia need more well-developed sanitation infrastructure. Some industries and companies use domestic wastewater disposal systems outside the leading network, a cheaper alternative to centralized systems. The sewage treatment system in these areas typically consists of a septic tank and a medium-scale household wastewater treatment plant. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of SMEC Eye Hospital's liquid waste management after it has been processed through its wastewater treatment system. This experimental research involves managing the liquid waste at SMEC Eye Hospital using an anaerobic-aerobic upflowed biofilter system. The experimental method adheres strictly to a scientific research design. The processed liquid waste is then tested in the laboratory to measure levels of pH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), ammonia, oils and fats, and total coliform. The liquid waste from SMEC Eye Hospital was analyzed to determine if the hazardous substances had been reduced or eliminated to meet environmental safety standards. Laboratory tests on the hospital's liquid waste outlet showed that all parameters, including pH, BOD, COD, TSS, ammonia, oil and fat, and total coliform, were within the quality standard limits. To further enhance the environmental safety of the waste, seven steps can be taken to reduce levels of pH, BOD, COD, TSS, ammonia, oil and fat, and total coliform. These measures ensure that the liquid waste from the hospital does not harm the environment.Several areas in Indonesia need more well-developed sanitation infrastructure. Some industries and companies use domestic wastewater disposal systems outside the leading network, a cheaper alternative to centralized systems. The sewage treatment system in these areas typically consists of a septic tank and a medium-scale household wastewater treatment plant. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of SMEC Eye Hospital's liquid waste management after it has been processed through its wastewater treatment system. This experimental research involves managing the liquid waste at SMEC Eye Hospital using an anaerobic-aerobic upflowed biofilter system. The experimental method adheres strictly to a scientific research design. The processed liquid waste is then tested in the laboratory to measure levels of pH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), ammonia, oils and fats, and total coliform. The liquid waste from SMEC Eye Hospital was analyzed to determine if the hazardous substances had been reduced or eliminated to meet environmental safety standards. Laboratory tests on the hospital's liquid waste outlet showed that all parameters, including pH, BOD, COD, TSS, ammonia, oil and fat, and total coliform, were within the quality standard limits. To further enhance the environmental safety of the waste, seven steps can be taken to reduce levels of pH, BOD, COD, TSS, ammonia, oil and fat, and total coliform. These measures ensure that the liquid waste from the hospital does not harm the environment
Effect of Silica Sand Filter Media Size Variation Towards Turbiding Reduction of Clean Water in PT. XYZ
No full textTurbidity is a condition in which the water contains many suspended particles of material that can cause health problems such as itchy skin, red and itchy eyes, and digestive disorders. Based on the initial inspection results, the turbidity value exceeds quality standard Permenkes No. 32/2017, which is 45.2 NTU. The high turbidity value causes the turbid water to need special treatment, one of which is by filtration with silica sand slices as filter media. This study is experimental research using a pre-posttest without a control design. This research aims to determine the effect of turbidity reduction on the variation of silica sand filter media (5–6 mesh), 7–10 mesh, and 11–18 mesh with a height of 60 cm. The population of this research is clean water at PT. XYZ, with as many as 36 samples used in this research. The results of effective and efficient turbidity reduction are on silica sand media measuring 5–6 mesh, with an average percentage of turbidity reduction of 80.49%. The conclusion of this study is the effect of silica sand filter media size variation on turbidity drop of clean water in PT. XYZ. It is recommended for the industry to apply clean water treatment with the filtration method using 5–6 mesh silica sand media, and further researchers are expected to conduct a test regarding the lifetime of the silica sand media that will be used.Turbidity is a condition in which the water contains many suspended particles of material that can cause health problems such as itchy skin, red and itchy eyes, and digestive disorders. Based on the initial inspection results, the turbidity value exceeds quality standard Permenkes No. 32/2017, which is 45.2 NTU. The high turbidity value causes the turbid water to need special treatment, one of which is by filtration with silica sand slices as filter media. This study is experimental research using a pre-posttest without a control design. This research aims to determine the effect of turbidity reduction on the variation of silica sand filter media (5–6 mesh), 7–10 mesh, and 11–18 mesh with a height of 60 cm. The population of this research is clean water at PT. XYZ, with as many as 36 samples used in this research. The results of effective and efficient turbidity reduction are on silica sand media measuring 5–6 mesh, with an average percentage of turbidity reduction of 80.49%. The conclusion of this study is the effect of silica sand filter media size variation on turbidity drop of clean water in PT. XYZ. It is recommended for the industry to apply clean water treatment with the filtration method using 5–6 mesh silica sand media, and further researchers are expected to conduct a test regarding the lifetime of the silica sand media that will be used
Green Road Vegetation CO2 Sequestration Potential on Transportation Co2 Emissions
No full textTransportation is one of the anthropogenic activities that emit CO2. Its existence is essential for human mobilization, which causes the need for mitigation and solutions that can support the continuity of activities while minimizing the impact of emissions. In this case, the green belt of Jalan Jagir Wonokromo contains a mixture of road protection and CO2-absorbing vegetation that can reduce emissions. For this reason, a study was conducted to determine the CO2 absorption potential of green belt vegetation to provide information and a reference for optimizing green open space. The research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive method, which included measuring road ambient CO2 concentrations, calculating vehicle volume, measuring breast height diameter as a biomass component, and researching correcting CO2 absorption by vegetation. According to the research results, the average ambient concentration of CO2 on roads is 785 mg/m3. The transport CO2 concentration was calculated using a Tier II approach and yielded a value of 186.87 kg/hour, contributing 79% to the ambient CO2 concentration.Furthermore, a box model is used to analyze the concentration of CO2 that will be absorbed by vegetation, resulting in 103.47 tons per year. Meanwhile, the ability to absorb CO2 from vegetation is 152.74 tons/year after being corrected by a pilot-scale study that considers vegetation's age and physiological factors. All emissions on Jalan Jagir Wonokromo can still be absorbed by vegetation, but optimization needs to be done in the form of intensification, extensification, and mitigation.Transportation is one of the anthropogenic activities that emit CO2. Its existence is essential for human mobilization, which causes the need for mitigation and solutions that can support the continuity of activities while minimizing the impact of emissions. In this case, the green belt of Jalan Jagir Wonokromo contains a mixture of road protection and CO2-absorbing vegetation that can reduce emissions. For this reason, a study was conducted to determine the CO2 absorption potential of green belt vegetation to provide information and a reference for optimizing green open space. The research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive method, which included measuring road ambient CO2 concentrations, calculating vehicle volume, measuring breast height diameter as a biomass component, and researching correcting CO2 absorption by vegetation. According to the research results, the average ambient concentration of CO2 on roads is 785 mg/m3. The transport CO2 concentration was calculated using a Tier II approach and yielded a value of 186.87 kg/hour, contributing 79% to the ambient CO2 concentration.Furthermore, a box model is used to analyze the concentration of CO2 that will be absorbed by vegetation, resulting in 103.47 tons per year. Meanwhile, the ability to absorb CO2 from vegetation is 152.74 tons/year after being corrected by a pilot-scale study that considers vegetation's age and physiological factors. All emissions on Jalan Jagir Wonokromo can still be absorbed by vegetation, but optimization needs to be done in the form of intensification, extensification, and mitigation