Jurnal Online Universitas Katolik Parahyangan / Parahyangan Catholic University Journal
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ANALISIS KINERJA LAYANAN PADA BUS (TMD) TRANS METRO DEWATA BALI: (STUDI KASUS PADA KORIDOR 3B TERMINAL UBUNG - MATAHARI TERBIT SANUR)
No full textTrans Metro Dewata adalah layanan teman bus di Provinsi Bali yang merupakan lanjutan layanan angkutan massal perkotaan yang dikendalikan oleh Kementerian Perhubungan. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis kinerja pelayanan Bus Trans Metro Dewata di Koridor 3B, yang melayani rute dari Terminal Ubung ke Matahari Terbit, berdasarkan Standar Pelayanan Minimal Angkutan Umum. Metode penelitian melibatkan observasi langsung dan analisis kuantitatif. Survei statis dan dinamis digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data mengenai kualitas dan kuantitas layanan pada rute Koridor 3B. Indikator yang dianalisis mencakup headway, load factor, lay over time, kecepatan kendaraan, waktu sirkulasi, dan jarak antar halte di sepanjang Koridor 3B. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indikator kinerja Bus Trans Metro Dewata Koridor 3B yang telah memenuhi seluruh kriteria standar pelayanan minimal yaitu lay over time, beberapa indikator memenuhi sebagian kriteria dan yang tidak memenuhi seluruh kriteria yaitu load factor. Sehingga bisa dilakukan pengembangan layanan Bus Trans Metro Dewata Koridor 3B ke depannya
EFEKTIVITAS METODE TRAVELLING SALESMAN PROBLEM (TSP) PADA RUTE DISTRIBUSI (STUDI KASUS: GREEN HOUSE PAPRIKA, KABUPATEN BULELENG)
No full textDistribusi mempengaruhi biaya operasional perusahaan, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan memberikan referensi pemilihan rute terbaik dengan metode Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) melalui pemrograman Python dengan pendekatan Brute Force. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara dan survey ke lokasi pertanian Green House Paprika Desa Pancasari, Kabupaten Buleleng. Hasil olahan data dari perhitungan Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) dengan pemrograman Python melalui Visual Studio Code memperoleh rute terpendek yaitu (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) menempuh jarak total sejauh 184,7 km dengan perkiraan biaya Rp184.700. Maka, para petani di Green House Paprika dapat mengetahui penentuan jarak optimal dalam rute pengirimannya
REFORMULASI KEBIJAKAN FISKAL TRANSPORTASI PUBLIK DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA: KAJIAN KONTRIBUSI PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR TERHADAP PENDANAAN ANGKUTAN UMUM PERKOTAAN
No full textTransportasi publik perkotaan di Indonesia menghadapi kendala pendanaan yang kronis, terutama di tingkat daerah. Di sisi lain, Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor (PKB) memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD), dengan rata-rata 41–43% di Provinsi DIY. Penelitian ini menganalisis potensi pemanfaatan PKB melalui mekanisme earmarking untuk mendukung pembiayaan transportasi publik. Dengan pendekatan deskriptif-kuantitatif dan data 2014–2023, ditemukan belum adanya penganggaran formal yang mengaitkan PKB dengan belanja sektor ini. Simulasi earmarking 10% menunjukkan potensi dana Rp75–110 miliar per tahun—cukup untuk menjamin keberlanjutan layanan seperti Trans Jogja. Studi ini merekomendasikan regulasi daerah tentang earmarking fiskal, integrasi ke dalam dokumen perencanaan anggaran, serta insentif nasional berbasis kinerja guna memperkuat pembiayaan transportasi berkelanjutan
DAMPAK PERANG RUSIA-UKRAINA TERHADAP REAKSI PASAR MODAL DAN KINERJA SAHAM SUBSEKTOR FOOD AND BEVEREGE
No full textPerang Rusia-Ukraina memberikan dampak atau dampak yang luas dan besar terhadap perekonomian global dengan indikasi penurunan nilai ekspor, kenaikan harga minyak kelapa sawit dan kenaikan harga gandum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan secara empiris perbedaan reaksi pasar modal yang diukur dengan abnormal return dan kinerja saham yang diukur dengan return aktual pada subsektor makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia akibat perang Rusia-Ukraina. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah event study dengan window period 21 hari yaitu 10 hari sebelum dan 10 hari setelah peristiwa. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 17 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria sampel. Data diolah menggunakan metode uji t sampel berpasangan dengan menggunakan SPSS 26 for Windows . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan reaksi pasar yang diukur dengan abnormal return dan kinerja pasar yang diukur dengan return aktual pada perusahaan subsektor makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia sebelum dan sesudah perang Rusia-Ukraina
Money Laundering Practices and Singapore’s Steps Against Indonesian Tax Amnesty
No full textSingapore is a country that implements a foreign direct investment policy to advance its economy. The implementation of those policies is classified as a two-pronged sword because it also ensures the privacy and security of corrupt money investments from other countries. Because of this, many Indonesian citizens are involved in money laundering through investments in Singapore. There were cases of money laundering with the value reaching at least Rp 9,427 trillion Indonesian money in Singapore in 2016 alone. The question is why Singapore tried to mute and undermine Indonesian tax amnesty? The purpose of this paper is to find the causes of the problem. Theory and the concept that will be used by the writer are Foreign Direct Investment Theory by David K. Eitemen and Money Laundering Concept itself. This paper uses an explanative qualitative method, and a literature study to obtain the data to strengthen this paper. Based on the case and the problem, the author concluded that the economy of Singapore will be threatened by the Indonesian Tax Amnesty policy, although not majorly, considering that even though they are a country of investment, they have a strong economy, to begin with.Singapura merupakan negara yang menerapkan kebijakan investasi asing langsung untuk memajukan perekonomiannya. Penerapan kebijakan tersebut tergolong pedang bermata dua karena juga menjamin privasi dan keamanan investasi uang hasil korupsi dari negara lain. Karena itu, banyak WNI yang terlibat pencucian uang melalui penanaman modal di Singapura. Ada kasus pencucian uang dengan nilai mencapai sedikitnya Rp 9,427 triliun uang Indonesia di Singapura pada tahun 2016 saja. Pertanyaannya, mengapa Singapura berusaha membungkam atau mengurangi dampak tax amnesty Indonesia? Tujuan dari penulisan makalah ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyebab dari permasalahan tersebut. Teori dan konsep yang akan digunakan penulis adalah Teori Penanaman Modal Asing oleh David K. Eitemen dan Konsep Pencucian Uang itu sendiri. Makalah ini menggunakan metode kualitatif eksplanatif, dan studi literatur untuk memperoleh data guna memperkuat makalah ini. Berdasarkan kasus dan permasalahan tersebut, penulis berkesimpulan bahwa perekonomian Singapura akan terancam oleh kebijakan Amnesti Pajak Indonesia, walaupun tidak secara mayor, mengingat meskipun merupakan negara investasi, mereka memiliki perekonomian yang kuat sejak awal
Revisiting Balance of Threat Theory: The Case of Contemporary Southeast Asia in the Context of Great Power Contestation
No full textSoutheast Asian countries, situated at the heart of the Indo-Pacific, are increasingly exposed to intensifying great power competition between China and the United States (US). According to Balance of Threat (BoT) theory, states are more likely to align tightly with a less threatening power in response to rising threats characterized by a rival\u27s aggregate power, geographical proximity, offensive capabilities, and aggressive intentions. Based on these indicators, BoT would predict stronger alignment between Southeast Asian countries and the US to balance against the perceived threat from China. However, alignment behavior in the region varies, suggesting the need for closer empirical scrutiny. This study reexamines BoT theory in the Southeast Asian context through a structured comparative empirical analysis of ten countries between 2000 and 2021. The findings reveal that while BoT’s core prediction holds in some cases, alignment outcomes are mixed. Thus, the theory receives only partial support in explaining Southeast Asian states’ responses to China’s rise.
Keywords: Balance of Threat theory, Southeast Asia, alignment behavior, great power competition, US-China rivalry, Indo-Pacific, threat perception, security cooperation, comparative analysis, regional securit
NAVIGATING LEGAL AMBIGUITY: FOREIGN MILITARY ACTIVITIES AND THE RIGHTS OF ADJACENT STATES UNDER ARTICLE 51(1) UNCLOS 1982
No full textArticle 51(1) of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982 exists within the framework of the archipelagic state regime. It provides a legal basis for immediately adjacent neighbouring states to continue exercising existing rights in specific areas that were previously considered international waters but have since come under the jurisdiction of an archipelagic state. The provision refers to these as “other legitimate activities” without offering a clear definition or scope. As a result, the ambiguity of this term undermines legal certainty. A notable example of this issue is the historical disagreement between Indonesia and Singapore over whether military exercises fall within the scope of “other legitimate activities” within Indonesia’s archipelagic waters. This article argues that the term should be jointly defined by the states concerned, as scholars suggest that Article 51(1) constitutes a pactum de contrahendo, thereby necessitating subsequent agreements. By exploring the historical context and scholarly interpretations, this paper seeks to clarify the ambiguous meaning of “other legitimate activities” under Article 51(1) of UNCLOS 1982
The Role of Religion in Building Peace in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Literature Review
No full textThis study aims to systematically examine the role of religion in peacebuilding in Southeast Asia, a region marked by significant religious and cultural diversity as well as recurring ethno-religious conflicts. While religion is often associated with violence, this research highlights its constructive potential by mapping how religious actors, institutions, and values contribute to reconciliation and social cohesion. Employing a qualitative Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, this study analyzed 35 peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2014 and 2024, selected from databases such as Scopus and Google Scholar. The articles were screened using inclusion and exclusion criteria focusing on empirical research dealing explicitly with religion and peace within Southeast Asia. The analysis identified five thematic areas: the role of religious actors, strategies of interfaith dialogue and mediation, integration of local wisdom, institutional and political challenges, and the contribution of religious education. The findings reveal that religious figures—across Islam, Buddhism, and Christianity—have been central in peacebuilding initiatives, particularly when supported by grassroots legitimacy and cultural contextualization. Dialogical approaches, cultural sensitivity, and educational programs emerged as effective mechanisms for fostering tolerance and reconciliation. However, structural challenges, such as state bureaucracy, ideological resistance, and illiberal policies, continue to hinder the full participation of religious actors in formal peace processes. The study underscores the importance of multi-level collaboration and the recognition of religious institutions not merely as symbolic agents, but as strategic partners in sustainable peacebuilding. Its originality lies in its comprehensive synthesis of literature that bridges fragmented local case studies into a regional framework, offering new insights for both academic discourse and policy development on religion and peace in Southeast Asia
The Strategic Approach to Recruitment and Selection at WIKA Rekayasa Konstruksi: Implication and Recommendation
No full textRecruitment and selection are critical components of human resource management, as they directly influence an organization’s ability to attract, identify, and retain top talent in a competitive industry. Despite extensive literature on recruitment strategies, limited research examines the integration of these practices with long-term organizational goals in Indonesian construction firms. This study explores the strategic recruitment and selection processes at WIKA Rekayasa Konstruksi (WRK), a subsidiary of PT Wijaya Karya Tbk (WIKA), and their impact on the quality of human resources as well as organizational performance. This study seeks to address this gap by analyzing WRK’s methodologies, assessing their effectiveness, and offering strategic recommendations for improvement. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach, the data was collected through interviews with a key informant, WRK’s Senior Manager of the Human Capital division. The findings reveal that while WRK employs comprehensive methods—such as competitive salary offerings, digital recruitment platforms, and multi-stage evaluations—there is room for improvement in aligning recruitment practices with strategic objectives and enhancing transparency in cost-related communication during post-selection stages. This research contributes to the academic discourse by highlighting best practices and challenges in recruitment within the construction sector, offering actionable insights for organizations aiming to optimize human resource management strategies.Rekrutmen dan seleksi merupakan komponen penting dalam manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) karena secara langsung memengaruhi kemampuan organisasi untuk menarik, mengidentifikasi, dan mempertahankan talenta terbaik di industri yang kompetitif. Meskipun terdapat banyak literatur tentang strategi rekrutmen, penelitian terkait integrasi praktik-praktik ini dengan tujuan strategis jangka panjang pada perusahaan konstruksi di Indonesia masih terbatas. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi proses rekrutmen dan seleksi strategis di WIKA Rekayasa Konstruksi (WRK), anak perusahaan PT Wijaya Karya Tbk (WIKA), serta dampaknya terhadap kualitas SDM dan kinerja organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisi kesenjangan tersebut dengan menganalisis metodologi yang diterapkan, mengevaluasi efektivitasnya, dan memberikan rekomendasi strategis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara dengan informan kunci, yaitu Senior Manager Divisi Human Capital di WRK. Temuan menunjukkan WRK telah menggunakan metode seperti penawaran gaji yang kompetitif, platform rekrutmen digital, dan evaluasi multi-tahap. Temuan juga menunjukkan metode rekrutmen yang komprehensif sudah diterapkan—mulai dari tes tertulis hingga pemeriksaan kesehatan—yang sesuai dengan standar teoretis dan praktis. Namun, terdapat peluang dalam penyelarasan praktik rekrutmen dengan tujuan strategis dan peningkatan transparansi terkait komunikasi biaya pada tahap pasca-seleksi. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada wacana akademik dengan menyoroti praktik terbaik dan tantangan dalam rekrutmen di sektor konstruksi, serta memberikan wawasan untuk mengoptimalkan strategi manajemen SDM. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa proses rekrutmen dan seleksi di WRK cukup kokoh, tetapi masih dapat ditingkatkan melalui penyempurnaan yang terarah untuk mendukung keberhasilan organisasi dan strategi manajemen SDM secara lebih baik
From Awareness to Action: Designing a Strategic and Inclusive Gender-Responsive Maternal Health Campaign for Rural Indonesia
No full textThis article outlines a strategic maternal health campaign designed for rural Indonesia, addressing persistent gender-based barriers and inequalities in healthcare access. Based on Mahoney’s strategic communication planning model and assessed using the Truthfulness, Authenticity, Respect, Equity, and Social Responsibility (TARES) ethical persuasion framework, the campaign incorporates culturally meaningful narratives and participatory advocacy to encourage safe maternal practices. It aims to address Indonesia’s high maternal mortality rates, especially in remote areas, by connecting traditional birthing customs with modern medical care and fostering collaboration between midwives and traditional birth attendants. The campaign employs social movement framing theory to galvanise community support, utilising storytelling, local media, and interpersonal communication to engage various stakeholders, including religious leaders, village health workers, and family decision-makers. Based on gender and development theory, the study emphasises how decentralisation and strong social norms limit women’s independence and access to skilled care. It employs strategic messaging and inclusive methods, such as mobile health clinics, community posters, and village discussions to address structural and cultural obstacles. Ethical issues related to informed consent and narrative influence are addressed through respectful and honest communication. The article also encourages higher service utilisation, greater trust in midwives, and increased community engagement. This campaign provides an approach that can be replicated for ethical, gender-focused maternal health advocacy in low-resource areas, aiding Indonesia in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3.1