Jurnal Online Universitas Katolik Parahyangan / Parahyangan Catholic University Journal
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REACHING SDG TARGET 14.4 BY ESTABLISHING PROVISIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT OPERATION
No full textThe research article argues that establishing provisional arrangements for law enforcement operations in overlapping maritime claims areas could be a viable option for claimant states to suppress illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing (IUUF), which hinders progress toward achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Target 14.4. This target emphasizes sustainable fishing practices, marine life protection, and effective fish population management, aiming to prevent overfishing, reduce harmful fishing techniques, and ensure the sustainability of fish stocks. Under the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, provisional arrangements for law enforcement operations can provide a practical framework for claimant states to conduct joint efforts, pending and without prejudice to the final resolution of overlapping maritime claims. To substantiate this argument, the article employs a juridical normative legal research method to: analyze the connection between SDG Target 14.4 and IUUF, which may impede progress toward the goal; examine the challenges of enforcing laws in overlapping maritime claims areas, including the factors contributing to IUUF in such contexts; and assess the potential impact of provisional arrangements for law enforcement on suppressing IUUF and advancing the achievement of SDG Target 14.4. The study highlights that these arrangements could serve as a collaborative interim solution, promoting sustainable development and marine ecosystem conservation while territorial disputes remain unresolved
ALGORITMA DALAM PRAKTIK PENEMUAN HUKUM MODERN
No full textA defining characteristic of modern society is its reliance on general rules and regulations that derive legitimacy from scientific methods and findings, instead of customs or tradition. These rules are not typically enacted by individuals such as kings or priests with divine or prescriptive authority but are instead guided by rational and impersonal principles developed by "experts." Consequently, the modernization of law has involved leveraging scientific and technological advancements, such as the use of algorithms, to develop and improve legal systems. The evolution of legal systems is closely linked to the lawmaking process, often shaped by various legal professionals, particularly judges. This research explores the application of computational algorithms in the lawmaking process, focusing on their accountability and practical implementation. Additionally, it investigates whether legal decisions produced by algorithms can be rationally accepted as embodying "justice" when applied in judicial verdicts. This study employs a normative legal research methodology with an interdisciplinary doctrinal approach to address these questions
Analisis Statik dan Dinamik Struktur Tranduser pada Low-Cost Dynamometer untuk Mengukur Gaya Potong Proses Bubut Orthogonal
No full textCutting forces in turning process are usually measured using dynamometer and they can be used to evaluate the quality of the cutting process. Commercial dynamometers on the market today offered with quite expensive prices. Therefore, many researchers are trying to design dynamometers at more affordable prices. One of the most important components in designing a dynamometer is tranducer. This article discusses the design and static and dynamic analysis of a full octagonal shaped ring tranducer for measuring cutting forces in orthogonal cutting. The tranducer design is analysed statically using the Finite Element Method (FEM) and dynamically using the Experimental Modal Analysis (EMA) method to determine its structural strength. The results of the static analysis of the strength of the tranducer structure were able to withstand static loads of 224 to 388 N. It is because the tranducer stress did not exceed the yield strength of the material which is 233 MPa. While the dynamic analysis of the tranducer structure using EMA shows that the natural frequency, the damping ratio, the stiffness constant, the modal mass, and the damping coefficient 3851 Hz, 18.5 x 106 N/m, 1.04%, 32 g, and 16 N/s/m, respectively. With these dynamic parameter, the tranducer design for this low-cost dynamometer is safe and reliable when used in the turning process with spindle rotation speeds reaching 20 Krpm.Gaya potong pada proses bubut biasanya diukur menggunakan dinamometer dan gaya potong tersebut umumnya digunakan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas proses pemotongan. Dinamometer komersil yang ada di pasaran saat ini ditawarkan dengan harga yang cukup mahal. Sehingga banyak peneliti yang berusaha merancang dinamometer dengan harga yang lebih terjangkau. Salah satu komponen terpenting dalam merancang dinamometer adalah tranduser. Artikel ini membahas desain serta analisis statik dan dinamik tranduser berbentuk full octagonal shaped ring untuk mengukur gaya potong pada proses bubut tegak (orthogonal cutting). Desain tranduser tersebut dianalisis secara statik menggunakan metode Finite Element Method (FEM) dan dinamik menggunakan metode Experimental Modal Analysis (EMA) untuk mengetahui kekuatan strukturnya. Hasil analisis statik kekuatan struktur tranduser mampu menahan beban statik sebesar 224 hingga 388 N. Hal ini karena tegangan tranduser tidak melampaui yield strength material yaitu 233 MPa. Sedangkan analisis dinamik struktur tranduser menggunakan EMA menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi pribadi (natural frequency), rasio redaman (damping ratio), konstanta kekakuan (stiffness), modal massa, dan koefisien redaman masing-masing sebesar 3851 Hz, 18.5 x 106 N/m, 1.04%, 32 g, and 16 N/s/m. Dengan parameter dinamik tersebut, maka desain tranduser untuk dinamometer low-cost ini aman dan reliable ketika digunakan pada proses bubut dengan kecepatan putaran spindle hingga 20 Krpm
Analisis Pengaruh Incremental Discount Pada Model Persediaan Multi Item Dengan Faktor Kedaluwarsa dan Kendala Kapasitas
No full textThe retail industry engaged in the pharmaceutical sector such as pharmacies sells various types of medicinal products and medical chemicals with fluctuating demand characteristics. This is due to the emergence of diseases that cannot be predicted with certainty. Inventory management is an important aspect to ensure the availability of medicines when needed while still being able to minimize losses both from retained capital on goods and potential expiration. Medicinal products themselves have a certain shelf-life, so products that have expired cannot be used again and cause losses to company. The form of inventory management policy is the order lot size, time between orders and reorder points. To determine the size of the order lot, in addition to the expiration aspect, the limitations of the warehouse as a place of storage and purchase discount factors need to be considered. The existence of a discount policy from suppliers can be used to minimize purchasing costs which are a component of inventory costs. The form of the discount policy that is generally given is the all-unit discount, but for certain types of products the policy given is an incremental discount. The purpose of this study is to build a multi-item probabilistic inventory model by considering the expiration factor, warehouse capacity constraints, and purchasing discount policies. This research will compare two discount policies, namely incremental discount and all unit discount. Based on the results of the sensitivity analysis, it is known that the model is sensitive to the parameters of unit discount provisions, good goods fraction, and holding costs.Industri ritel yang bergerak dibidang farmasi seperti apotek menjual berbagai jenis produk obat-obatan dan bahan kimia medis dengan karakteristik permintaan yang berfluktuasi. Hal ini disebabkan kemunculan penyakit yang tidak dapat diprediksi secara pasti. Pengelolaan persediaan menjadi aspek yang penting untuk menjamin ketersediaan obat saat dibutuhkan namun tetap mampu meminimasi kerugian baik dari modal tertahan pada barang maupun potensi kedaluwarsa.Produk obat-obatan sendiri memiliki masa pakai tertentu, sehingga produk yang mengalami kedaluwarsa tidak dapat digunakan lagi dan menimbulkan kerugian bagi perusahaan. Bentuk kebijakan pengelolaan persediaan adalah ukuran lot pemesanan, waktu antar pemesanan, dan titik pemesanan kembali. Untuk mementukan ukuran lot pemesanan selain aspek kedaluwarsa, keterbatasan gudang sebagai tempat penyimpanan dan faktor diskon pembelian perlu dipetimbangkan. Adanya kebijakan diskon dari pemasok dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meminimasi biaya beli yang merupakan komponen dari biaya persediaan. Bentuk kebijakan diskon yang umum diberikan adalah all unit discount, tetapi pada beberapa jenis produk tertentu kebijakan yang diberikan adalah incremental discount. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membangun model persediaan probabilistik multi-item dengan mempertimbangkan faktor kedaluwarsa, kendala kapasitas gudang, dan kebijakan diskon pembelian. Penelitian ini akan membandingkan dua kebijakan diskon, yaitu incremental discount dan all unit discount. Berdasarkan hasil analisis sensitivitas, diketahui bahwa model sensitif terhadap parameter ketentuan unit diskon, fraksi barang baik, dan biaya simpan.Kata kunci: Persediaan, probabilistik, incremental discount, kedaluwarsa, kapasitas gudang
Dominasi Layar di Masa Pandemi dalam terang Pemikiran Anne Friedberg
No full textScreen allows humans to experience and understand the world without being limited by the existence of their physical body. This is one of Anne Friedberg\u27s main ideas in her works, which supports the main basis for this article. The Covid-19 pandemic that has occurred since March 2020 has limited, reduced, slowed down, and in some situations it could even be said it almost stopped human mobility, for example, in areas over the world where the ‘lockdown’ policy was applied. As a consequence, mobility turns into immobility. This condition corresponds to the reality during the pandemic dominated by the presence of screen. There has been growing importance of domestic space as the centre of everydayness that gives crucial role to the screen as its window to the world. This could be perceived as virtual mobility, in the sense that it was a ‘mobility’ without bodily mobility. This article elaborates Friedberg\u27s thoughts with regard to virtual mobility that has been increasingly dominated by the screen, by examining its relevance to the actual conditions of the people during the pandemic. At the end of this article, the consequences of this massive virtual mobility and screen dominance during the pandemic are analysed—a situation that might bring further implications on the experiences of aura, panopticon, and consumption
Dialektika Ruang dan Identitas dalam Heterotopia Foucault dan Profilisitas Moeller-D’Ambrosio
No full textThis study aims to explore the interplay between space and the construction of identity. It employs descriptive library research methodology to elucidate the elements and aspects of both space and identity. It draws upon Michel Foucault’s concept of heterotopia for the understanding of space and the theory of profile formulated by Hans-Georg Moeller and Paul J. D’Ambrosio. The analysis delves into these theories and their interrelation concerning identity formation. The authors conclude that from Foucault\u27s perspective, space can be seen as having distinctive characteristics, tied to axio-ontological components that need to be fulfilled before entering a heterotopic space. This position is then intersected with Luhmann’s second-order observation, resulting in a dynamically linked profilic identity to a particular space. This paper finds that in Foucault’s thinking, heterotopia emphasises the impossibility of space being separated into a label. Space as a site (“cultural framework”) may still be enforced by designing it to fulfill certain functions. As a consequence, it becomes increasingly difficult for these spaces to be seen as relevant to society’s way of being today. In the light of Foucault and Moeller-D’Ambrosio, the space now needs to be seen as a form of space (espace–a referential frame) that is profilic
Bunyi yang Tercecer dari Hannah Arendt
No full textBook & Film Reviews is a column in "MELINTAS" containing reviews of books and films published recently that bring different interpretation and inspiration to the fields of philosophy and religion
Perhubungan Terorisme dengan Kejahatan Transnasional: Crime-Terrorism oleh Kelompok Abu Sayyaf di Filipina
No full textTerrorism, like other forms of criminal activities, undergoes continual adaptation in response to societal changes and the passage of time. Recent studies have begun to explore the evolving nature of criminal activities conducted by terrorist groups that concurrently function as multinational crime syndicates, often referred to as ‘crime-terrorism.’ In this particular study applied the crime-terrorism framework by Rollins and Wyler, with a specific focus on the Abu Sayyaf Group as the subject of analysis. This paper delves into the Abu Sayyaf Group\u27s motivation for transitioning into a crime-terrorist organization and examines the tactics employed by the group in carrying out their operations. Utilizing a qualitative research methodology aligned with the principles established by John W. Creswell, this study elucidates two significant findings: (1) the Abu Sayyaf Group\u27s motivation for engaging in organized crime is primarily driven by the need to sustain its operations and support its members\u27 livelihoods since the external funding sources is disrupted; and (2) the tactics practiced by the Abu Sayyaf Group include bomb attacks, kidnappings, extortion, and the provision of security for illicit activities such as the cultivation and trade of illegal cannabis.
Keywords: Abu Sayyaf Group; Terrorism; Transnational Crime; Crime-TerrorismBersamaan dengan genosida dan kejahatan melawan hak asasi manusia, terorisme tergolong sebagai tindak kejahatan luar biasa. Seperti tindak kejahatan lainnya yang selalu dinamis mengikuti perkembangan sosial dan zaman, terorisme juga mengalami hal yang sama. Di era kontemporer ini, terdapat banyak kemungkinan dimana kelompok terorisme tidak lagi hanya berfokus pada misi dan atribut yang melekat pada mereka, tetapi juga membuat koneksi bahkan bekerjasama dengan kelompok kejahatan transnasional, konsep ini disebut oleh Rollins dan Wyler sebagai crime-terrorism. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti mengangkat Kelompok Abu Sayyaf sebagai subjek utama dan berusaha untuk menganalisa bagaimana Kelompok Abu Sayyaf sebagai organisasi terorisme membangun hubungan dengan kelompok kejahatan terorganisir hingga bahkan melaksanakan kejahatan transnasional itu sendiri, merujuk pada konsep crime-terrorism oleh Rollins dan Wyler. Peneliti menggunakan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif oleh Miles dan Hubberman dalam melangsungkan penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian ini, yaitu; Motivasi Kelompok Abu Sayyaf untuk bekerjasama dan melakukan kejahatan terorganisir yaitu guna memenuhi dana operasional dan kebutuhan hidup anggotanya setelah aliran dana dari sponsornya terputus. Sedangkan Apropriasi Taktik yang dilakukan oleh Abu Sayyaf yaitu dengan melakukan serangan bom, penculikan dan pemerasan, dan penyediaan keamanan untuk budidaya dan perdagangan ganja ilegal
KONSEP MULTIKULTURALISME DALAM RISALAH ISLAM BERKEMAJUAN MUHAMMADIYAH
No full textThis research aims to explore the concept of multiculturalism according to Muhammadiyah, specifically as outlined in the concept of the Progressive Islamic Ideology (Risalah Islam Berkemajuan). The research method employed is discourse analysis with a qualitative approach. The primary source of data is the resolutions of the 48th Muhammadiyah Congress in Surakarta, particularly focusing on the section concerning the Progressive Islamic Ideology (RIB). This study affirms that Islam as understood, practiced, advocated, and propagated by the Muhammadiyah organization is highly accommodating to the concept of multiculturalism, including principles that are fundamental such as creed, movement methodology, and preaching understood by Muhammadiyah.Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menggali respons Muhammadiyah terhadap konsep Multikulturalisme, khususnya yang termaktub dalam konsep Risalah Islam Berkemajuan. Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah analisis wacana dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber utama datanya sendiri tentu saja adalah Tanfidz Keputusan Muktamar Muhammadiyah ke 48 di Surakarta terutama pada bagian Risalah Islam Berkemajuan yang kemudian disingkat RIB. Langkah-langkah yang dilakukan peneliti adalah melakukan inventarisasi, kategorisasi dan interpretasi data, agar mendapat kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menguatkan bahwa Islam sebagaimana yang dipahami, dilaksanakan, diperjuangkan dan didakwahkan oleh persyarikatan Muhammadiyah sangat akomodatif dengan konsep multikulturalisme, termasuk terkait prinsip-prinsip yang sangat mendasar yaitu aqidah, manhaj gerakan, dan dakwah yang dipahami oleh Muhammadiyah
Maintaining Order in Religious Worship: Goffman\u27s Perspective – A Review Article
No full textSociological studies on religion have predominantly focused on macro-sociological approaches, emphasizing structural-functional aspects or conflicts. Consequently, these studies often center on religious movements or organizations and their roles in religious life, neglecting the dynamics of social interaction in everyday religious practices. Such dynamics illustrate how individuals and groups actively shape their religious experiences. However, a different perspective has been offered by Christopher M. Donnelly and Bradley R.E. Wright, who examine religion using a micro-sociological approach, specifically symbolic interactionism. Their study focuses on the dynamics of interruptions during Christian worship services and how congregants respond to such disturbances to uphold the proper conduct of worship. These responses aim to maintain a “self-image” and safeguard the church\u27s reputation, as conceptualized by Erving Goffman. This review aims to inspire similar explorations in other religious contexts