Jurnal Online Universitas Katolik Parahyangan / Parahyangan Catholic University Journal
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PENGARUH WARNA MERAH DAN TEKSTUR TERHADAP PERSEPSI TERMAL SECARA ADAPTIF
No full textAbstract - Buildings are designed to accommodate activities and protect users from the surrounding environment climate. Thermal comfort is adaptively influenced by physical conditions and human thermal perception. Adaptivity is defined as the capacity or ability of the building to maintain its comfort by responding to changes. Adaptivity is not only seen from the physical conditions alone, but also from the thermal perception associated with human physiology and psychology. Thermal perception can be explored through changes in color and texture accordingly. The purpose of this research is to find out the most effective red color and material texture for the design of learning spaces, so that it can be applied to other architectural designs. The research used an experimental method with a quantitative approach through a Virtual Reality test model. The test model is in the form of a Parahyangan Catholic University Architecture studio room that is adaptively developed in the fields of walls, floors, and ceilings based on color and texture theory. Data collection of thermal perception in the form of thermal judgment and thermal sensation is done using a questionnaire validated by a sweat content test kit. The data were then processed using the ANOVA statistical method to determine the correlation relationship that occurs based on the theory of thermal perception. This study shows that thermal perception is formed by thermal sensation and thermal judgment. Both have a strong relationship with an inverse linear direction. Virtual Reality simulation with a red color model supported by wood texture is stated to have the most influence on the thermal perception of respondents.
Keywords: thermal perception, penliatai, thermal judgment, studio space
Abstrak - Bangunan dirancang untuk mewadahi aktivitas serta melindungi pengguna dari iklim lingkungan sekitar. Kenyamanan termal secara adaptif dipengaruhi oleh kondisi fisik dan persepsi termal manusia. Adaptivitas diartikan sebagai kapasitas atau kemampuan bangunan untuk mempertahankan kenyamanannya dengan merespon terhadap perubahan. Adaptivitas tidak hanya dilihat dari kondisi fisik saja, melainkan juga dari persepsi termal yang berkaitan dengan fisiologi dan psikologi manusia. Persepsi termal dapat dieksplorasi melalui perubahan warna dan tekstur yang sesuai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui warna merah dan tekstur material yang paling efektif untuk perancangan ruang belajar, sehingga dapat diterapkan pada desain arsitektur lainnya. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui model uji Virtual Reality. Model uji berupa ruang studio Arsitektur Universitas Katolik Parahyangan yang dikembangkan secara adaptif pada bidang dinding, lantai, dan plafon berdasarkan teori warna dan tekstur. Pengambilan data persepsi termal berupa thermal judgement dan thermal sensation dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner yang divalidasi oleh alat uji kadar keringat. Data-data tersebut lalu diolah menggunakan metode statistika ANOVA untuk mengetahui hubungan korelasi yang terjadi berdasarkan teori persepsi termal. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa persepsi termal terbentuk oleh thermal sensation dan thermal judgment. Keduanya memiliki hubungan yang kuat dengan arah linear terbalik. Simulasi Virtual Reality dengan model warna merah yang didukung oleh tekstur kayu dinyatakan paling berpengaruh terhadap persepsi termal responden.
Kata-kata kunci: persepsi termal, thermal sensation, thermal judgment, ruang studi
Judi Online di Kamboja dan Indonesia: Kegagalan ASEAN dalam Mencapai Interdependensi Negara Anggota
No full textABSTRACT
Online gambling is rising in Southeast Asian countries and poses a threat to the stability of a nation, both economically and socially, especially in Cambodia and Indonesia. Online gambling, a form of cybercrime that involves empty promises which is prevalent in Cambodia, has negatively impacted Indonesia’s economy and constructed a transnational threat to ASEAN countries. Certain factors cause the rise of this phenomenon, but the high prevalence of online gambling in Indonesia and Cambodia indirectly reflects the mechanization of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as a regional institution. Even though various efforts and initiatives that ASEAN member countries have made to overcome the rise of online gambling, it can’t be denied that this transnational crime is ongoing between Indonesia and Cambodia. Therefore, this article aims to study how online gambling as a transnational crime can continue despite the presence of institutions such as ASEAN that aim to accommodate mechanisms such as regional cooperation with interdependence as an approach. Through qualitative research methods, this article shows the failure of ASEAN as an institution to achieve interdependence among its members to overcome the issue of online gambling in Southeast Asia, especially in Indonesia and Cambodia.
Keywords: Transnational Crime; Online Gambling; Indonesia-Cambodia; ASEAN; InterdependenceABSTRAK
Judi online yang tengah marak di negara-negara kawasan Asia Tenggara dapat mengancam stabilitas negara, baik dalam segi ekonomi maupun sosial, khususnya di Kamboja dan Indonesia. Judi online yang dijalankan di Kamboja merupakan bentuk kejahatan siber melalui janji palsu sebagai aksi penipuan dengan menggunakan perangkat digital atau internet, terbukti merugikan ekonomi masyarakat di Indonesia, sekaligus menjadi kejahatan transnasional diantara negara anggota ASEAN. Maraknya fenomena ini disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, namun tingginya prevalensi judi online di Indonesia-Kamboja dapat secara tidak langsung mencerminkan mekanisme Association of Southeast Asian Nation (ASEAN) sebagai institusi regional. Meskipun terdapat berbagai upaya dan inisiasi yang dilakukan oleh negara-negara anggota ASEAN untuk menanggulangi maraknya judi online, tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa kejahatan transnasional ini tetap berjalan secara lintas batas di Indonesia-Kamboja. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini mengkaji bagaimana judi online yang merupakan kejahatan transnasional dapat terus berlangsung meskipun terdapat institusi seperti ASEAN sebagai wadah untuk pelaksanaan mekanisme kerja sama regional dengan menggunakan pendekatan interdependensi. Melalui metode kualitatif, artikel ini menunjukan kegagalan ASEAN sebagai institusi dalam mencapai interdependensi terhadap negara-negara anggotanya untuk menanggulangi isu judi online di kawasan Asia Tenggara, khususnya Indonesia-Kamboja.
Kata kunci: Kejahatan Transnasional; Judi Online; Indonesia-Kamboja; ASEAN; Interdependens
Transformation of Personal Spirituality through Digital Technology: A Systematic Literature Review
No full textThis study aims to analyse how the experience of “loving God” as a form of personal spirituality undergoes transformation in the digital age, in which religion and technology increasingly intersect in everyday life. The urgency of this research arises from the reality that digital media has become an integral part of religious practice, reshaping the ways individuals pray, meditate, and build communities of faith. This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of journal articles, books, dissertations, and research reports published between 2015 and 2025. The data collection process follows the PRISMA protocol, while the analysis proceeds through stages of coding, categorisation, and narrative synthesis of emergent themes. Data sources are drawn from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ProQuest. The analysis focuses on three key dimensions: (1) the transformation of spiritual practices, (2) the ambiguity of religious identity and authority in cyberspace, and (3) the dual role of technology as both a means of reinforcing and commodifying faith. The findings indicate that personal spirituality in the digital age is hybrid and interactive. Digital platforms facilitate broader access to prayer, meditation, and interfaith dialogue, yet simultaneously blur the boundaries of religious identity and authority. Technology strengthens faith through new forms of spiritual connectivity, while also transforming faith into a commodity shaped by algorithmic and market logics. This hybrid spirituality is characterised by continuous connectedness, negotiated religious identities, faith experiences constructed as content, and a tendency to transcend the limits of institutional traditions. The implications of this study include the strengthening of digital religious education, the development of ethical guidelines for the use of technology in spiritual contexts, and the formulation of governance policies for online religious content that respond more reflectively to contemporary dynamics of faith. The originality of this research lies in constructing a conceptual framework of hybrid spirituality, synthesising previous literature into a new analytical model that explains how technology not only mediates but also transforms the experience of loving God in the digital age
Life Cycle Assessment of Sustainable Building Materials in The Nigerian Construction Industry
No full textThis study presents a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) of sustainable building materials in the Nigerian construction industry, focusing on bamboo, recycled steel, and low-carbon concrete. It evaluates the environmental impacts of these materials across their entire life cycles—from raw material extraction to end-of-life disposal. A mixed-methods approach was employed: primary data were collected via interviews and surveys with industry professionals, while secondary data came from credible literature and databases. Results revealed bamboo as the most environmentally friendly, with the lowest impacts on global warming, ozone depletion, eutrophication, and resource depletion. Low-carbon concrete also offered significant environmental advantages, particularly in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Recycled steel supported circular economy goals but had higher energy demands and emissions due to its intensive recycling process. Key barriers to adoption in Nigeria included high upfront costs, limited local availability, and inadequate regulatory support. The study recommends strengthening regulatory frameworks, offering financial incentives, boosting local production, and promoting awareness through education and training. These findings underscore the potential of sustainable materials to reduce the environmental footprint of construction in Nigeria and offer practical guidance for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers committed to advancing sustainability in the built environment
Pengaruh Ekspektasi Kebijakan Fiskal terhadap Peningkatan Efektivitas Ekspektasi Kebijakan Moneter dalam Pengendalian Inflasi di Indonesia
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran kebijakan fiskal dalam meningkatkan efektivitas kebijakan moneter dalam pengendalian inflasi. Analisis penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode ordinary least square (OLS) pada data kuartalan periode 2004Q1-2022Q4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel independent yang digunakan berpengaruh terhadap inflasi sebesar 86,8307% (ditunjukkan oleh nilai R-squared). Secara spesifik, ditemukan bahwa ekspektasi inflasi dan output gap berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap inflasi, berbeda dengan tingkat suku bunga riil yang menunjukkan pengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap pengendalian inflasi. Lalu ekspektasi inflasi dari kebijakan fiskal menunjukkan pengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap inflasi. Sementara itu, interaksi antara kebijakan moneter dan kebijakan fiskal menegaskan pentingkan kedua kebijakan tersebut berkoordinasi dalam mengelola stabilitas harga. Namun, hasil penelitian ini masih memiliki keterbatasan dimana belum sepenuhnya interaksi kebijakan moneter dan kebijakan fiskal terhadap pengendalian inflasi dibahas dan dianalisis secara mendalam menggunakan teknik analisis yang sesuai
PENGARUH TOTAL PEMBIAYAAN, NPF, DAN BOPO TERHADAP LABA BANK UMUM SYARIAH PERIODE 2019-2023
No full textThe increase in profits is one of the factors to strengthen the market share position of Islamic banks. The increase in profit depends on the bank\u27s activities themselves, both from financing which is the main source of income for the bank and from its operational implementation. The purpose of this study is to be able to know the effect of total financing, Non Performing Financing (NPF), and operational efficiency (BOPO) on the net profit of the Sharia General Bank (BUS). Data analysis was in the form of panel data regression analysis using annual data 2019-2023 using 6 BUS samples through purposive sampling techniques. The results shown through this study are that partially total financing has a positive influence while NPF and BOPO have a negative effect on net profit. Simultaneously, this study shows that total financing, NPF, and BOPO affect the net profit of Sharia Commercial Banks.
ANALISIS EKONOMI, SOSIAL DEMOGRAFI DAN LINGKUNGAN DARI FOOD LOSS/ WASTE (FLW) DI INDONESIA
No full textFood waste, also known as food loss/waste (FLW), is an important issue in Indonesia due to its huge impact on food security, the economy, and the environment. Almost half (41.7 percent) of waste in Indonesia comes from food waste, making the country the second largest contributor to food waste globally. Each individual contributes to an average of 300kg of food waste annually in Indonesia. This analysis aims to understand the economic and socio-demographic dimensions associated with FLW in Indonesia. The study analyzed panel data in Indonesia from 34 provinces over 4 years (2019-2022) using quadratic regression models and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimation methods. The analysis found that GRDP per capita, Consumer Price Index (CPI), population aged 15-64 years, and population aged over 65 years had a significant effect on FLW per capita in Indonesia over the period 2019-2022. In Indonesia, there is no significant influence between the variables of average monthly per capita expenditure on food, the proportion of male and female population, and average years of schooling on per capita food waste generation. The peak point shows that the maximum value of FLW per capita is around 40.85kg/capita/year at the level of GRDP per capita of IDR 89,296,130/capita/year. This research opens up opportunities for further studies on other factors contributing to FLW in Indonesia such as psychological, environmental, and cultural
Implementasi Peningkatan dalam Aktivitas Rantai Nilai Global oleh UKM Kopi Indonesia: Hasil Studi Empiris
No full textThis study discusses the implementation of improvement strategies in the global value chain (GVC) for coffee SMEs in Indonesia. With the background of Indonesia\u27s position as a major coffee producer in the world, this study explores the challenges faced by SMEs in achieving maximum added value, broad market access, and effective governance. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach through literature analysis, secondary data and primary data related to the coffee value chain and its improvement strategies. The results show that value-added improvement strategies can be achieved through product, process, and function innovation, as well as product differentiation. Certification such as Geographical Indications helps increase sales value, although benefits for farmers are still limited. Increasing market access involves vertical and horizontal collaboration for diversification and development of marketing networks, including participation in international exhibitions. The role of the government is very important through the development of infrastructure, regulations, and certification support, but needs to be strengthened to reduce the imbalance in the distribution of added value. In conclusion, partnerships involving the private sector, government, and NGOs are key to encouraging the sustainability of coffee SMEs in the GVC. Recommendations include strengthening governance, increasing farmer capacity, and collaboration strategies to expand export markets and increase the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee in the global market.
Keywords: Upgrading, Global Value Chain (GVC), Indonesian Coffee SMEs.Penelitian ini membahas implementasi strategi peningkatan dalam rantai nilai global (Global Value Chain/GVC) untuk UKM kopi di Indonesia. Dengan latar belakang posisi Indonesia sebagai produsen kopi utama dunia, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi tantangan yang dihadapi UKM dalam mencapai nilai tambah maksimal, akses pasar yang luas, dan tata kelola yang efektif. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif melalui analisis literatur, data sekunder dan data primer terkait rantai nilai kopi dan strategi peningkatannya. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa strategi peningkatan nilai tambah dapat dicapai melalui inovasi produk, proses, dan fungsi, serta diferensiasi produk. Sertifikasi seperti Indikasi Geografis membantu meningkatkan nilai jual, meskipun manfaat bagi petani masih terbatas. Peningkatan akses pasar melibatkan kolaborasi vertikal dan horizontal untuk diversifikasi dan pengembangan jaringan pemasaran, termasuk partisipasi dalam pameran internasional. Peran pemerintah sangat penting melalui pengembangan infrastruktur, regulasi, dan dukungan sertifikasi, namun perlu diperkuat untuk mengurangi ketidakseimbangan distribusi nilai tambah. Kesimpulannya, kemitraan yang melibatkan sektor swasta, pemerintah, dan LSM menjadi kunci dalam mendorong keberlanjutan UKM kopi dalam GVC. Rekomendasi mencakup penguatan tata kelola, peningkatan kapasitas petani, dan strategi kolaborasi untuk memperluas pasar ekspor serta meningkatkan daya saing kopi Indonesia di pasar global.
Kata kunci: Peningkatan, Global Value Chain (GVC), UKM Kopi Indonesia.
DINAMIKA KOALISI POLITIK DI BALIK DEMOKRASI KEINDONESIAAN: OPOSISI MENJADI ANCAMAN?
No full textIn a democratic system, opposition plays a vital role in providing checks and ensuring that the government operates in alignment with the public interest. However, within the context of Indonesia, opposition is often viewed as a taboo, seen as conflicting with the values of Pancasila and the familial principles that define Indonesian society. This article explores the historical development of opposition in Indonesian democracy and the role of checks and balances within the framework of the trias politica, as part of the broader effort to advance democratization in Indonesia. Employing a socio-legal approach, the study examines Indonesian democracy from theoretical, historical, and practical perspectives. It concludes that the evolution of Indonesian democracy cannot be separated from the post-independence ideological debate between proponents of integralism and those advocating for social democracy. This debate ultimately gave rise to the concept of a “family state,” where the state acts as a father figure and the citizens as children. The Reformasi era marked a transitional phase toward democratization, introducing constitutional liberalism alongside the principles of checks and balances and the trias politica. However, these democratic instruments have not been effectively implemented. Indonesia remains entangled in political party cartelization, reinforced by a system of coalition presidentialism and supported by Constitutional Court decisions that emphasize strengthening the presidential system and simplifying the party structure. As a result, political parties in the legislature tend to focus more on positioning themselves for the next presidential election and securing roles within the governing coalition, rather than engaging in meaningful oversight of government actions
PERBANDINGAN KINERJA ALGORITMA MODIFIED MSA (METHOD OF SUCCESSIVE AVERAGE) UNTUK PEMBEBANAN JARINGAN JALAN
No full textSalah satu tahap penting dalam pemodelan transportasi empat tahap adalah model pembebanan lalu lintas dimana metode yang umum digunakan pada pembebanan lalu lintas adalah model pembebanan kesetimbangan pengguna (user equilibrium/ UE). Secara matematis, model pembebanan UE ini dapat diselesaikan dengan metode convex combination method dimana metode rata-rata berurut (MSA / method of successive average) adalah metode dasar dalam menentukan langkah-pencarian. Namun metode ini terkendala waktu konvergensi yang lama untuk jaringan yang besar dan error yang masih tinggi untuk pembebanan dengan tingkat akurasi tinggi. Makalah ini mengembangkan dua modifikasi metode rata-rata berurut untuk mengatasi hal tersebut yaitu metode rata-rata berurut terbebani (method of successive weighted average / MSWA) dan metode rata-rata pengaturan sendiri (self- regulated averaged / SRA). Kedua metode ini kemudian diuji pada studi kasus jaringan jalan Sioux Fall dan jaringan jalan kota Bandung. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bawah metode MSWA dapat meningkatkan ketelitian hasil pengujian sedangkan metode SRA dapat menurunkan waktu komputasi yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai konvergensi